JPS5922526B2 - laser scalpel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a laser scalpel for cauterizing, incising, and resecting diseased tissue within a body cavity using a laser beam.

Conventionally, incisions and removal of affected areas such as polyps that have formed in body cavities have been carried out using cutting scissors or scalpels that are inserted through the flexible tube of an endoscope and go in and out from the tip of the interstitial tube. It was.

However, this conventional method not only requires a great deal of skill, but is also time consuming, and requires treatments such as hemostasis and disinfection, which is very troublesome.

Furthermore, in order to eliminate such drawbacks, a method has been considered in which the affected area is incised or excised by using a laser beam and irradiating the target area of the affected area with the laser beam to cauterize the area.

However, as is well known, laser beams are beams with very powerful energy, so if you use them, there is a risk that after cauterizing the target area, you may further cauterize other areas. It's dangerous.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional methods by using a laser beam, and also to automatically cauterize the target area by irradiating the laser beam toward the affected area and automatically incise and excise the affected area. To provide a laser scalpel in which laser light irradiation is cut off.

According to the laser scalpel of the present invention, simply irradiating the laser beam to the targeted affected area under direct vision of the endoscope,
The affected area is cauterized, incised, and excised, so the surgery can be performed in a very short time, and the operation is extremely easy and does not require any skill. The irradiation will be automatically stopped,
There is no risk of cauterizing other normal tissue, making the surgery extremely safe.

Furthermore, since the incision and excision of the affected area is performed by cauterization using a laser beam, there is no need to consider hemostasis, disinfection, etc., which is extremely advantageous.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a laser scalpel 1 showing one embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, a laser beam oscillated by a laser oscillation device 2 is introduced into a laser beam transmission member 3 through a laser beam blocking device 4 as a laser beam P for ablating the affected area.

The laser beam blocking device 4 includes a housing 5, an example of which is shown in FIG. , a blocking plate 6 disposed in the same housing, through which the laser light P oscillated by the laser oscillation device 2 enters and exits the light guide path Pa through which the laser light P is introduced toward the base end 3a of the laser light transmission member 3. An electromagnetic device (
(not shown).

The shielding plate 6 is formed of a reflecting mirror, and its base is rotatably attached to the support shaft 7, and as shown by the solid line, the shielding plate 6 is stationary at a position evacuated from the light guide path Pa. However, when an electromagnetic device (not shown) is activated by a signal from a laser beam receiving element, which will be described later, it is driven by the device, rotates around the support shaft 70, and moves to the chain line position 6A. It enters the light guide path Pa and blocks the laser light from being introduced into the laser light transmission member 3.

On the other hand, the laser beam transmission member 3 is composed of, for example, an optical fiber bundle, as shown in FIGS.
A free end 3b extending from a is inserted into a flexible tube 8 inserted into a body cavity, and a distal end 3c thereof extends into a tubular member 9 forming an area surrounding the affected area. There is.

The tubular member 9 has a base 9a as shown in FIG.
is fixed to the distal end of the flexible tube 8, and the planar shape thereof is arched from the free end to the distal end.

The distal end portion 3c of the laser beam transmission member 3 is located within the base tube portion 9b of the tubular member 90, and the emission portion 3d at the distal end is disposed within the opening 9c bored in the base tube portion 9b. There is.

The aperture 9c is formed in the optical axis direction of the laser beam transmission member 3, and an aperture 9e is also formed on the inner surface of the distal end portion 9d of the tubular member 9, which faces the aperture 9c.

A light-receiving surface of a laser light-receiving element 10 disposed within the tip portion 9b is located in this opening 9e.

Therefore, the emitting section 3d of the laser beam transmission member 3 and the light receiving surface of the laser beam receiving element 10 face each other, and the laser beam P emitted from the emitting section 3d is received by the light receiving surface. It has become.

The received laser light P is photoelectrically converted, and the electrical signal is transported through the tubular member 9 and the flexible tube 8 by the lead wire 11, and the laser light blocking device 4
It is adapted to drive an electromagnetic device (not shown) inside.

The laser scalpel 1 of this embodiment configured as described above is inserted into the body cavity of a well-known direct-viewing endoscope or a side-viewing endoscope, and is inserted into the flexible tube 13 (see FIG. 4). The flexible tube 8 and the tubular member 9 are inserted through each other, and the tubular member 9 is arranged so as to be able to go in and out from the tip 13a of the flexible tube 13.

Next, in order to remove an affected area such as a polyp in a body cavity using this laser scalpel 1, as shown in FIG. A tubular member 9 is extended from the distal end 13a of the flexible tube 13 of the endoscope, and the polyp 12 is surrounded by the tubular member 9.

Then, the aperture 9c may be opposed to the target site to be cauterized with the laser beam, such as the base of the polyp 120, and the laser beam may be introduced from the laser oscillation device 2 into the laser beam transmission member 3.

In this way, the laser beam P passes through the laser beam transmission member 3 and is irradiated from the emission part 3d at the tip toward the polyp 8, so that the affected tissue is cauterized and the polyp 12 is removed in a short time. .

When the polyp 12 is removed, the laser beam P is
The light enters the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 10 and is thereby received.

The received laser beam is immediately converted into an electric signal and sent to the electromagnetic device in the laser beam blocking device 4 through the lead wire 11, so the device is activated and the blocking plate 6 moves from the solid line position to the chain line position. Move to 6A (see Figure 3).

When this moves, the light guide path Pa is blocked, so that the laser light from the laser oscillation device 2 is prevented from being introduced into the laser light transmission member 3.

If this is prevented, there will be no irradiation from the emission part 3d, so there is no risk that normal tissue will be erroneously irradiated with laser light after the affected area is excised.

Therefore, according to the laser scalpel 1 of the present invention, surgery on the affected area can be performed with peace of mind.

FIG. 5 shows the main part of another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the tubular member 14 forming the area surrounding the affected area is
The planar shape is V-shaped, and openings 14c are provided at the ends of the branched branch pipes 14a and 14b, respectively, on the surfaces facing the inner walls.

14d, and a branch pipe 14a is inserted into one opening 14c.
The tip output portion 3d of the tip portion 3c of the laser beam transmission member 3 inserted therein is positioned, and the branch pipe 14 is inserted into the other opening 14d.
The light-receiving surface of the light-receiving element 10 disposed within the tip of b is positioned.

In this embodiment, the laser beam P of the laser beam transmission member 3 is emitted in the optical axis direction of the laser beam transmission member 3, whereas the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. The laser beam P is emitted in a direction perpendicular to the direction.

Further, FIG. 6 shows the above-mentioned shielding plate 6 separately.

In this example, the shielding plate 6 (see FIG. 3) in the laser beam blocking device 4 rotates, whereas the shielding plate 16 of this example is configured to move linearly in the vertical direction. The rest of the structure of the cutoff device 4 is exactly the same as that shown in FIG. 3 above.

In addition, in each of the embodiments described so far, an optical fiber bundle is used for the laser beam transmission member 3, but it may be made of glass, plastic iron, liquid fiber, etc. as long as it can transmit laser beams. Of course.

Further, the laser light blocking device 4 further includes a blocking plate 6,
The main switch of the laser oscillation device 2 may be electrically turned off without operating the laser oscillation device 16.

As described above, according to the present invention, the dangers caused by the use of laser beams have been skillfully eliminated, and the affected tissue within the body cavity can be cauterized with laser beams in a very safe manner and in a short period of time. A laser scalpel that can perform incision and resection can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a laser scalpel showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the area surrounding the affected area in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the laser beam blocking device of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a laser scalpel according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing another example of a laser light blocking device in a laser scalpel according to the present invention. 1... Laser scalpel, 2... Laser oscillation device, 3... Laser light transmission member, 3d.
... Emission part, 4 ... - Laser light blocking device, 9 ... Affected area surrounding part (tubular member), 10 ...
... Light receiving element, 11 ... Lead wire, 12 ...
...Polyp, 13...Flexible tube, 14...
... Affected area enclosing part (tubular member), P... Laser light.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A laser oscillation device that oscillates a laser beam for resecting the affected area, a laser beam transmission member that transmits the laser beam toward an emission part for irradiating the affected area, and a laser light receiving element disposed at the front facing the emitting section, which receives the laser beam emitted from the emitting section and after cutting off the affected area, and activates the laser beam blocking device; a laser light blocking device that is disposed between the light transmission member and the laser oscillation device, is activated by a signal from the laser light receiving element, and blocks introduction of laser light to the laser light transmission member; , A laser scalpel characterized in that when the affected area is irradiated with laser light from the emission part to cauterize and excise the affected area, the irradiation of the laser light is automatically cut off by the operation of a light receiving element. 2. A bow-shaped affected area enclosing part is provided at the distal end of the laser beam transmission member, and the emitting part is disposed at one side of the enveloping part, and the laser light receiving element is disposed at the other side of the opposing position between the base and the distal end. A laser scalpel according to claim 1 provided herein. 3 A V-shaped affected area enclosing part is provided at the distal end of the laser beam transmission member, and the emitting part is disposed at one of the opposing parts of both ends of the enclosing part, and the laser light receiving element is disposed at the other. A laser scalpel according to claim 1.