JPS59219125A - Bolt removing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to suck and blow off a bolt into and from the front end of a bolt removing tool which is adapted to be mounted on or removed from the spindle of a machine tool, by forming an air passage in a rod- like member disposed in the axial core of a tool holder, extending axially of the rod-like member. CONSTITUTION:Air from a pull-stud 6 flows through a recess 7, a main air feed passage 8, a cylinder hole 14, an annular recessed groove 27, a center annular chamber 22 and an air feed passage 16 and reaches to a nozzle passage 12 from which the air is jetted forward. Vacuum effected in the construction 12a of the nozzle passage 12 is transmitted into a spool air passage 24 through an air suction passage 17, a front annular chamber 23 and an air suction passage 26 in a spool 15, and effects negative pressure in a rod-like member air passage 41 to suck and hold a bolt in a bolts fitting part 40. The jetting of air is made through the main air feed passage 18, an air feed passage 25, the spool air passage 24 and the rod-like member air passage 41 and the passage of the bolt fitting part 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a bolt removal tool, and more particularly, to a bolt removal tool that is conventionally attached to and removed from a spindle head of a machine tool and can be used interchangeably with conventional cutting tools.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, various cutting tools are attached to and detached from the spindle head of a tool-changeable machine tool, so that a variety of cutting operations can be performed with one machine tool.

On the other hand, in recent years, multi-purpose production systems that have become capable of only cutting workpieces require a single machine tool to perform many different work functions such as cutting, assembly, disassembly, and cleaning. Machine tools that can only be used interchangeably with cutting tools and a small number of cutting auxiliary tools such as grease injectors are functionally insufficient, so it is desirable to be able to install thread removal tools, disassembly tools, cleaning tools, etc. on the spindle head. It has become necessary to be able to do so.

[Purpose of the invention]

Among the various tools required to be attached and detached from the spindle head of a machine tool used in such a complex production system, the present invention specifically aims to provide a bolt removal tool for removing workpiece assembly bolts. .

[411th aspect of the invention] In order to achieve the above object, the bolt removal tool of the present invention has a tool base connected to the front end of a tool holder that is attached to and detached from a spindle head of a machine tool, and a bolt fitted to the tip. A rod-shaped member formed by forming a joint is attached to the front end of the tool base and disposed coaxially with the tool holder, and an air passage is formed through each of the tool holder and the rod-shaped member, and the tool base has a passage switching device that switches the flow passage of air fed from the tool holder air passage, and this passage switching device has a suction switching passage and a jetting switching passage that suck and blow out air from the bolt fitting part of the rod-shaped member. It is characterized by the fact that it can be attached to and removed from the spindle head of a machine tool, and when attached and used, it rotates integrally with the spindle, and also sucks in and blows out air from the bolt fitting part. I'm trying to do that.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bolt removal tool according to the present invention is 5K.
Tool holder 1 attached to the spindle head of a machine tool
and a tool base 2 fixed to the front end side of this tool holder 1.
and a rod-shaped member 4 connected to the front end side of the tool base 2 via a joint 3 are arranged in series on one axis.

The tool holder 1 has a tapered shank portion 5 that is inserted and fitted into a tapered hole formed at the tip of a spindle of a machine tool, as in the conventional tool holder, and the rear end portion of the tapered shank portion 5 The attached pull stud 6 is designed to be pressed against the machine tool side.

The tool holder IK according to the present invention is formed with a recessed portion 7 that opens toward the front, and a tool holder air passage 8 that penetrates from the bottom surface of the recessed portion 7 to the rear end of the tapered shank portion 5. High-pressure air supplied from the mulberry machine side passes through an air passage 8 to the recessed portion 7. Note that although the shank portion is formed in a tapered shape in this embodiment, it may be formed in a straight shape. If a straight shank part is used, the spindle tip of the machine tool should also be formed into a straight hole.

The housing 9 of the tool base 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is arranged so that its central axis roughly coincides with the central axis of the tool holder 1, and its rear end is provided with a plurality of housings on the front opening edge of the tool holder 1. Tightening is fixed by a real bolt 11. Further, an annular convex step portion 9a is formed approximately at the center of the outer periphery of the housing 9, and this annular convex step portion QaK
A plurality of nozzle passages J2 extending in the axial direction are provided.

The front end of this nozzle passage 12 is open to the outside space, and the rear end is closed, and has a constricted portion 12a in the middle.

Furthermore, a passage switching device J3 is provided in the center of the housing 9, and this passage switching device 13 is connected to a cylinder hole 14 formed through the housing 9 along the axis thereof.
It has a spool valve mechanism consisting of a piston-shaped spool 15 fitted into the cylinder hole 14 so as to be reciprocally movable, and a plurality of air passages. The internal space of the cylinder hole 14 is communicated with the rear side of the internal space of the nozzle passage 12 and the constriction part 12a through an air supply path 16 and an air suction path 17, respectively, so that the high pressure flowing into the cylinder hole 14 Air flows through the air supply path 16 in the nozzle passage 12 at high speed and is ejected to the outside from the front end opening. Due to the pressure, the air in the cylinder hole 14 is sucked into the nozzle passage 12 side from the cylinder opening of the air suction passage 17 by 5vcIL. Further, a main air supply section 18 is opened at the rear side of the cylinder hole 4. The inside of the recess 7 of the tool holder 1 and the inside of the cylinder hole 14 are communicated with each other through this main air supply path I8, and the air that has passed through the tool holder 1 is transferred to the cylinder hole 14.
KJx is installed so that it can flow into the country.

Furthermore, a plurality of annular seal members 19 are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder hole 14, and the spool 15 is fitted through the annular seal members 19. As a result, an annular space is formed between the cylinder hole 14 and the spool I5, and this annular space is axially divided into three chambers Kt'L.

Of these three annular chambers, the main air supply passage 18 opens in the nine annular chambers 21 on the rear side, and the annular chamber 22 on the center side opens.
An air supply passage 16 and an air suction passage 17 to the nozzle passage 12 are opened in the front side annular chamber 23, respectively.

A spool air passage 24 is formed in the spool 15 and extends radially from the spool air passage 24 to the rear and front parts of the spool 15 and opens to the outer surface. A passage 25 and an air suction passage 26 are respectively formed. And the first
As shown in the figure, when the spool 15 is in the forward position, the air supply passage 25 opens into the rear annular chamber 21, and the air suction passage 26 separates forward from the annular chamber and is closed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the spool 15 is in the rear position, the air supply passage 25 is separated rearward from the annular chamber and is closed, and the air suction passage 26 is connected to the front side annular chamber 23.
It is designed to open inward.

Furthermore, an annular groove 27 is formed approximately in the center of the outer periphery of the spool 15. This annular groove 27
It is accommodated in the central annular chamber 22 at the spool front position in the figure, and is located across both the central annular chamber 22 and the rear annular chamber 21 at the spool rear position in FIG. 21 are made to communicate with each other.

As a result, when the spool 15 is in the forward position (FIG. 1), the recess 7 of the tool holder 1 is
The air flowing into the rear annular chamber 21 through the spool 15 passes through the air supply passage 25 of the spool 15 and enters the spool air passage 2.
4 into the inner hole 41 of the rod-shaped member 4 and the rod-shaped member 4
It flows out through the inner hole 41 of the bolt fitting part 40 provided at the tip of the bolt. In addition, when the spool 15 is in the rear position (FIG. 2) K, the air in the rear annular chamber 21, which is also fed from the tool holder 1 side, follows the annular groove 27 and enters the center annular groove 22. The air is then ejected from the central annular groove 22 to the outside through the air supply path 16 and the nozzle passage 12. The air in the front side annular chamber 23 is sucked into the nozzle passage 12 through the air suction path 17, and the air in the front side annular chamber 23 is supplied to the spool air igH path 2.
The air inside 4 flows in through the air suction passage 26.

Also, &'J on the rear end side of the tool base 20 and the housing 9.
A spool holding device 30 is provided. This spool holding device 30 has a cylindrical cylinder 31 with a bottom, and the opening edge of this cylinder 31 is tightened and fixed by a plurality of holes 32 at the rear end of the housing 9. . The rear end portion of the spool 15 reciprocates within this cylinder 31.

Further, a spring 33 is inserted between the rear end surface of the spool 15 and the closed bottom surface of the cylinder 31.
is biased forward. Note that the closed bottom surface of the cylinder 31 receives the spring 33 via a spring receiving plate 34. This spring receiving plate 34 is reciprocated in the axial direction by an adjusting screw 35 screwed on the rear side, thereby adjusting the biasing force of the spring 33.

Furthermore, a plate-shaped piston 36 is attached to the spool 15 marked t'+tJ, and this plate-shaped piston 36 is reciprocated in the cylinder 3I in an airtight manner in accordance with the reciprocating movement of the spool 15. ing. The airtight chamber 3 formed by the plate-shaped piston 36 and the cylinder 31
The spool air passage 24 of the spool 15 is opened and communicated within the spool 7, and the pressure inside the airtight chamber 37 is maintained equal to the pressure inside the spool air passage 24 at all times. Furthermore, an air inlet/outlet hole 28 is formed in the housing 9 of the tool base 2 so that air can freely enter and exit the space in front of the plate screw I/736.

A rod-shaped member 4 is attached to the front end of the housing 9 of the tool base 2 so as to protrude forward through a joint 3.

This rod-shaped member 4 has a collar-shaped base 38 formed at one end thereof, and has an elongated rod portion 39 extending forward from this base 38. A socket wrench, a rod Bolt fitting part 40 consisting of a spanner etc.
is formed.

The base portion 38 of this rod-shaped member 4 is held on the tool base 2 side via the joint 3. This rod-shaped member 4 is formed with a rod-shaped member air passage 41 that axially penetrates the entire rod-shaped member 4 from the base 38 to the bolt fitting part 40, and air fed from the base 38 side is passed through the rod-shaped member 4 to the bolt fitting part 40. It should be ejected outward from the fitting part 40.

Further, the joint 3 has a cylindrical ring member 43 fixed to the front end of the housing 9 of the tool base 2 with a plurality of bolts 42. A spline groove 44 is formed on the inner periphery of this ring member 43, and a spline shaft 45 is formed on the outer periphery of the base 3B of the rod-shaped member 40, and the two are fitted to form a spline joint mechanism. has been done. The rod-shaped member 4 is held by the spline joint IPK so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction. Furthermore, the spline shaft 45 and the spline groove 44
A slight gap is formed between them, so that the rod-shaped member 4 can swing to some extent. Moreover, this rod-shaped member 4
The base 38 of the spool 15 is axially connected to a collar 46 formed at the front end of the spool 15 by a bolt 47, and the base 38 of the spool 15 is connected in the axial direction with a bolt 47 so that the rod-like member 4 and the spool 15 can reciprocate integrally.
It has become. Furthermore, the rod-shaped member air passage 41 is communicated with the spool air passage 24. In addition, ``the bolt 4
7 is loosely fitted on the rod-shaped member 4 side, so that the swinging of the rod-shaped member 4 is not hindered. Furthermore, there is a gap between the base 38 of the rod-shaped member 40 and the front end of the spool 15.
A ring 48 is inserted, and the O-ring 48 ensures airtightness of the air passage connecting portion, and the rod-shaped member 4
It is designed to act as a cushion when it swings.

Further, a retaining ring 49 is fixed to the front end surface of the ring member 43, and the retaining ring 46 restricts the forward movement of the rod-shaped member 4, so that the rod-shaped portion 4 does not fall off forward from the ring member 43. There is.

Further, a crane 52 is fixed to the front part of the ring member 43 by bolts 53. Note that a hole is formed in the center of the lid 52, and the rod-shaped member 40 is inserted into this hole.
It has a K shape so that the rod portion 39 passes through it. An O-ring 54 is inserted between the hole and the outer circumferential surface of the rod portion 39, and acts as a cushioning material when the rod-shaped member 4 swings Q+.

The bolt removal tool of the present invention having such a configuration is the third
Used as shown in the figure.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the spindle head of a machine tool that uses the bolt removal tool according to the present invention, and Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the part indicated by the chain circle ■ in Figure 3. It is. In the figure, reference numeral 31 is a spindle;
Bearings 133a, 13 provided in the head body 132
3b, 133c Rotationally supported from K. A tapered hole 136 into which the tapered shank portion 5 of the tool holder 1 is inserted is formed at the tip of the spindle 131 .

Further, a drawbar 138 is held within the spindle 131 so as to be movable in the axial direction. drawbar 138
A collet 139 is attached to the tip of the drawbar.
By moving 138 backward (rightward in FIG. 2) K, the pull stud 6 of the tool holder 1 can be clamped. A large number of plate springs 142 are attached to the rear part of the spindle 131 via sleeve-shaped guides 141, and the rear end of this plane spring 142 is connected to the drawer 1380.
It is pressed via a collar 144 to a tightening collar 143 screwed onto the rear end. On the rear side of the draw bar 138 is a draw bar extrusion piston 145 driven by hydraulic pressure.
is disposed so as to be slidable in the same axial direction as the drawbar 138. Piston 145K is drawbar 1380
A convex abutting portion 145a that abuts the rear end surface 13Sa (see FIG. 4) is bent, and a large diameter concentric circle 145b is formed on the side of the abutting portion 145a. That is, the piston 145 is connected to the concentric circle 1451
), the drawer 138 side is formed into a hollow cylinder shape, and a disc-shaped nut 143 screwed onto the rear end of the drawer 1380 is inserted into this concentric circle 145b. A sealing member 146 is installed between the inner periphery of the concentric circle 145b and the outer periphery of the tightening nut 143, and the sealing member 146 allows the air to be secretly sealed between the tightening nut 143 and the concentric circle 145b of the piston 145. A space 147 is formed. In this embodiment, an X-ring (registered trademark of Nippon Valqua Industries, Ltd.) made of nitrile rubber and having an X-shaped cross section is used as the sealing member 146. Piston 145 is slidably disposed within cylinder 148. The cylinder 148 is further extended toward the drawbar 138, and includes a cover cylinder 148a surrounding the outer periphery of the drawbar 138° disc spring 142.
It is said that Reference numeral 149 is a cylinder lid for closing the end of the cylinder 148, and the rear portion 145C of the piston 145 is disposed to protrude through the lid 149.

The drawbar 138 is provided with an air passage 150 that penetrates from the rear end surface 138a to the tip. code 150
150b is an air passage inlet provided at the rear end surface 138a, and 150b is an air passage outlet provided at the tip. The air passage outlet 150b is connected to the cholera) 1391'
11: Opened into the space 151 where the end of the clamped pull stud 6 is located.

On the other hand, an air passage 152 is provided in the piston 145 from the piston rear part 145C toward the contact part 145aK on the same line as the air passage 150 straddled by the drawbar 138. , this air passage 15
Air blowing holes 153 from 2 are provided. An air supply hose 154 is connected to the air passage 152K so that air can be introduced from an air supply source (not shown).

Hydraulic pressure supply pipes 155 and 156 are connected to the front and rear positions of the piston 145, respectively. The code 157 is
This is an exhaust hole provided in the cover cylinder 148aK, and the reference numeral 158 is a gear for driving the rotation of the spindle 1310.

For crafts (women, (machines),
Pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic supply pipe 156, and the piston 1
45 is moved backward to release the contact between the rear end 138a of the drawbar 1380 and the contact portion 145a of the piston 145, the drawbar 138 is moved rearward (rightward in FIG. 2) by the elastic force of the disc spring 142. This causes the pull stud 6 to be pulled and held by the collet 139, and the tool holder 1 is firmly attached to the tip of the spindle 131.If the spindle 1.31 is rotated in this state, the spindle 131 The attached bolt removing tool according to the present invention is also rotated. Therefore, the entire machine tool is moved toward the workpiece, and the bolt fitting part 41 of the bolt removing tool is pushed onto the head of the workpiece assembly bolt. Once the bolts are fully engaged, the bolt can be loosened by rotating the spindle 1310. At this time, since the bolt removal tool is pressed in the axial direction, the rod-shaped member 4 has been moved rearward, and the spool 15 has also been moved to the rear position accordingly.Therefore, in this state, the piston 14 is removed from the air supply hose 154.
When air is supplied into the air passage 152 of No. 5, the air is blown out from the air outlet 153 into the sealed space 147, and then through the inlet No. 1 provided on the rear end surface 138a of the drawbar 138.
50a enters the air passage 150 and is discharged into the space 151 from the outlet 150b. Furthermore, this air enters the bolt removing tool 1 from the pull stud 6 side of the bolt removing tool 1, passes through the tool holder air passage 8 (flows into the recess 7, and then enters the main air supply of the tool base 2). The air in the rear annular chamber 21 of the cylinder hole 14 is guided by the passage 18 into the annular groove 21 as described above.
7. The air passes through the central annular chamber 22 and the air supply path 16 to reach the nozzle passage 12, and is ejected forward from the nozzle passage 12 at high speed. At this time, the negative pressure generated in the constricted portion 12aK of the nozzle passage J2 is transferred to the air suction passage 117. The front annular chamber 23 and the air suction passage 2GK of the spool 15 communicate with the spool air passage 24, and a negative pressure is also generated within the rod-shaped member air passage 41 which is communicated with the spool air passage 24. This negative pressure can firmly adsorb and hold the bolt fitted into the bolt fitting part 40, and if the machine tool is moved backwards after removing the bolt, the bolt can be made once (・p 'The bolt can be reliably removed from the workpiece by retreating with the machine.

Furthermore, in this case, since the spool air passage 24 is connected to the airtight chamber 37 of the spool holding device 30, when negative pressure is generated in the spool air passage 24, the airtight chamber 37 simultaneously becomes a negative pressure state, and this negative The pressure causes the piston 36 to be sucked rearward against the spring 33. That is, unless the air supply from the machine tool side is stopped, the spool 5 will continue to be fixed and held in the rear position, and the switching movement of the spool 15 will not occur. Therefore, even if the machine tool is moved backward and the bolt removal tool is removed from the workpiece, the bolt will continue to be attracted by the bolt removal tool.

Next, when the machine tool is retreated to the position where the bolt should be dropped and the air supply from the machine tool side is stopped, the jetting from the nozzle passage 12 is also stopped, and the spool air passage 24 and the rod-shaped member air passage 41 are stopped. The negative pressure that had been generated inside is eliminated, and the bolt separates from the tip of the rod-shaped member 4 and falls. Further, the negative pressure in the airtight chamber 37 of the spool holding device 30 is also eliminated, and the spool 15 is pushed forward by the biasing force of the spring 33 to the state shown in FIG. 1, preparing for the next operation.

Also, in this state, the removed bolt is still attached to the bolt fitting part 4.
If you are at 0, you can blow this bolt out with air. That is, if air is supplied from the machine tool side in the state shown in FIG. 1, this air will pass through the tool holder 1 and reach the rear annular chamber 21 from the main air supply path J8, as described above, and then Air supply path 25 of spool 15.
The air is ejected outward from the bolt fitting portion 40 through the spool air passage 24 and the rod-shaped member air passage 41. This jetting flow ((Thus, the attached bolt is reliably removed from the bolt fitting portion 40.

In this embodiment, a spool valve mechanism is adopted as the passage switching device 13, and the spool 15 reciprocates integrally with the rod-shaped member 4. Therefore, the spool 5 simultaneously engages the bolt. It is convenient to switch to a position where suction can be performed.Furthermore, if the suction of the bolt is stopped by stopping the supply of air, the spool 15 is pushed forward by the spring 33 of the spool holding device 30, and the rod-shaped member 4
Since the position is automatically switched to a position where air can be ejected from the bolt fitting portion 40, there is no need to perform the switching operation manually, which is extremely efficient.

Furthermore, in the bolt removal tool of this embodiment, the rod-like member 4 is designed to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction and swing to some extent, so that when fitting the bolt, the bolt head and the bolt fit together. To easily fit a bolt removal tool to a bolt head even if the axis line with a part 40 is slightly misaligned or there is some axis line misalignment between the threaded part and the head like a general rolled bolt. It is very convenient. Also,
When rotating and loosening the bolt, the backward movement of the bolt head can be absorbed by the backward movement of the rod-shaped member 3,
It is sufficient to move the model body backward at an approximate feed speed in accordance with the movement of the bolt, and there is no need to strictly synchronize the backward speed with the thread pitch of the bolt. Therefore, there is no need for a synchronizer or the like, which is extremely economical.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the bolt removal tool according to the present invention has an air passage formed through each of the tool holder that is attached to and detached from the spindle head of a machine tool and the rod-shaped member having a bolt fitting portion at the tip, and both are connected to the tool holder. The tool base is connected uniaxially through a base body, and the tool base has a switching passage for blowing out air supplied from the tool holder from the tip of the rod-shaped member, and a switching passage for blowing out air supplied from the tool holder from the nozzle passage to connect the rod-shaped member to the rod-shaped member. Since it is equipped with a passage switching device that has a switching passage that sucks air from the parts, it can be attached and detached from the spindle head of a machine tool along with a cutting tool, etc., and by using this tool, it is possible to loosen bolts for assembling workpieces. I can do it. Furthermore, since the bolt that has been removed can be attracted to the tip of the tool or blown away, the bolt can be reliably extracted from the workpiece and dropped to a predetermined position. Therefore, according to the present invention, the complex production system can be greatly advanced and extremely efficient work can be realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a bolt removal tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing air being blown out from the tip of the tool, and Fig. 2 showing air being sucked in from the tip of the tool. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the state of the spindle head of a machine tool for installing the bolt removal tool according to the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of Fig. 1... L holder, 2... Tool base, 3... Joint, 4... Bar member, 8... Tool holder air passage, 9
...)・Using, ■2... Nozzle passage, 13...
- Passage switching device, 14... Sinunta hole, 15... Spool, 19... Seal member, 21, 22, 23
...Annular chamber, 24...Spool air passage, 27...
- Annular groove, 30... Spool holding device, 40...
Bolt fitting part, 41...rod-shaped member air passage.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tool holder that is attached to and detached from a spindle head of a machine tool and a rod-shaped member having a bolt fitting portion formed at its tip are arranged and fixed on one axis with a tool base sandwiched therebetween, An air passage passing through the tool holder and the rod-shaped member in the axial direction is formed, and the tool base has a passage switching device for switching a flow passage of air fed from the air passage of the tool holder, and the passage switching device A bolt removal tool comprising a rod-shaped bolt [a suction switching passage and a jetting switching passage for sucking and ejecting air from the joint part]. 2. The passage switching device includes a spool valve mechanism consisting of a cylinder and a spool, a spool holding device that holds the spool in a predetermined position, and a nozzle passage having an outward opening; The air passage of the rod-shaped member and the air passage of the rod-shaped member are communicated with the rear part of the nozzle passage and the constriction, respectively, and air supplied from the tool holder side is blown out from the nozzle passage opening, thereby causing air to flow from the bolt fitting part at the tip of the rod-shaped member. and a blowout switching passage that connects the air passage of the tool holder directly to the air passage of the rod-shaped member and blows out the air supplied from the tool holder side from the bolt fitting part. A bolt removal tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: 38. The bolt removing tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rod-shaped member is attached to the tool base via a joint so as to be able to reciprocate and swing freely. 4. The bolt removal tool according to claim 3, wherein the joint has a spline mechanism. 5. The bolt removal tool according to claim 3, wherein the rod-shaped member is connected to a spool of a spool valve mechanism, so that both can swing freely and reciprocate integrally in the axial direction. . 6. The spool holding device includes a cylinder and a piston that form an airtight chamber, and a spring that presses the spool.
! The tool boulder according to claim 2, wherein the airtight chamber is in communication with a suction switching passage of a passage switching device.