JPS59216533A - Extermination of nematodes - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for exterminating nematodes, and is particularly applicable to protecting agricultural crops grown in greenhouses from the life of nematodes, which are pests.

In recent agricultural production through greenhouse cultivation, there has been a shift from a farming method that mainly uses organic fertilizers to a farming method that uses inorganic chemical fertilizers, as well as increasing the efficiency of farmland use and increasing yield. This has led to fixed cropping cycles, resulting in various negative effects.

Among the above-mentioned harmful effects, damage caused by wires is a particularly serious problem. The damage caused by this group is extremely large, and once they are produced by adenoids, there is currently no way to get rid of them, and the quality of produce is significantly reduced, often resulting in no harvest at all. There is.

Conventionally, methods for protecting crops from parasitism by the above nematodes include:
Before planting crops, it is known to perform chemical fumigation of the soil using chloropicrin and disinfection of the soil by blowing high-temperature steam. It is also known that soil is removed or baked.

However, all of the above conventional methods are only methods for preventing nematode parasitism, and if nematode parasitism occurs after planting, they cannot be used without damaging the crop. It can be said that he is completely powerless. In addition, both methods are inferior in workability and economic efficiency, placing a heavy burden on farmers, and when using chemicals,
There is also the risk of growth failure due to residual chemicals after treatment. In addition, beneficial bicyclic microorganisms will also disappear, the activity of the soil will deteriorate, and the soil growth system will be destroyed, and the soil will not become a suitable environment for plant growth until a long period of time. There may be cases where recovery is no longer possible and good growth of crops cannot be obtained after all.

The present invention solves the drawbacks of the conventional methods described in "-", and can be used without causing the harmful effects of chemical residue and destruction of the soil ecosystem when crops are infested with nematodes. 1] (+4.

The structural feature of the present invention for achieving the purpose of I-1 is that one electrical terminal is buried near the planting site of the crop (= J position, and the other electrical terminal is buried between the roots of the crop). The main feature of this method is to exterminate nematodes by burying the plant or placing it in contact with the crop itself, and applying a high voltage pulse between both electrodes.

According to the present invention, nematodes can be reliably exterminated by the action of pulsed shock current. Also 1
It can be said that there is almost no effect on crops because the current is generated for an extremely short period of time, and the biological activities of microorganisms that are relatively resistant to current are maintained.
- There is no need to worry about major damage to the soil ecosystem. Furthermore, since the extermination is done using electric current, there is no need to worry about any residual chemicals.

Once the electrical terminals are installed, all you have to do is turn on the power periodically, making it easy to implement.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a crop, 2 is its root, 3 is soil, 4a and 4b are electrical terminals, and 5 is a pulse generator.

Both electric terminals 4a and 4b are rod-shaped and are buried on both sides of the crop l with the roots 2 placed between them.

To bury the electrical terminals 4a and 4b with the roots 2 in between,
Although nematodes are widely distributed in the soil 3, they gather in large numbers especially inside or around the roots 2, so they are connected to both electrical terminals 4a.
, 4b to exterminate the insects by applying a high voltage pulse between them. If the nematodes that gather inside or around the roots 2 are left untreated, they cause deformed symptoms in the roots 2, inhibit the supply of nutrients to the above-ground stems, and cause stunted growth.

In the present invention, a pulse generator 5 is connected between both electric terminals 4a and 4b.
A high voltage pulse is applied from the root 2, and the shock current generated near the roots 2 exterminates nematodes. When normal voltage and current are applied, the buried electrical terminal 4
Depending on the distance between a and 4b, it is not only impossible to prevent nematode activity without consuming a considerable amount of electricity.
Contamination and electrolytic substances on the electrical terminals 4a and 4b make it difficult to conduct electricity, resulting in increased power consumption and loss of practicality. In contrast, if a high voltage pulse is used, the current application time is extremely short, so nematodes can be reliably exterminated without consuming the above-mentioned large amount of power. In addition, by pulsing, a shock current flows on the body surface of the nematode, and because it is a shock current, even a relatively small current causes cell membrane damage and plasma destruction of the nematode, and its activity is affected. It is thought that it will cause obstacles or stop the activity.

The voltage applied between the electrical terminals 4a and 4b varies depending on the type of nematode to be exterminated, the condition of the soil 3, the type of crop l, and even the distance between the electrical terminals 4a and 4b. The distance between 4a and 4b is determined within a practically necessary range,
It is sufficient to apply a voltage of 300 to 20,000 V and generate a current of approximately several milliamperes. The pulse voltage is applied so that positive and negative pulses alternate.
It is optimal to repeat the pulse several times to several tens of times at a rate of once to several degrees every 1 to 2 seconds. If the voltage is too low, the shock current will be insufficient and it will be difficult to obtain a sufficient extermination effect, and if the voltage is too high, an excessive current will flow and may cause crop damage. Further, even if a pulse voltage is continuously applied for a long period of time, the power consumption increases and the extermination effect is not improved much, and on the contrary, there is a risk that crops will be adversely affected. In particular, when a potential is applied in the direction in which the nematode spreads, it has the greatest effect on λ, and it has been confirmed that nematodes that were not killed by a single wiry current move to a force with a lower potential. It can be said that it is preferable to apply a voltage of one in every several places.

As the power source for the pulse generator 5, an appropriate power source may be selected depending on the location, such as a general household power source or a car battery.

FIGS. 2 to 4 are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention, respectively.

In FIG. 2, the electrical terminals 4a, 4b are plate-shaped. Such a plate-shaped electric terminal 4a.

4b has the advantage that the shock current can be applied over a wide range at once, and nematodes can be exterminated over a relatively wide range.

In FIG. 3, a rod-shaped electrical terminal 4a is buried close to the crop 1, and a cylindrical electrical terminal 4b made of a net, a perforated plate, or the like is arranged to surround the roots 2. In this way, a shock current can be applied radially, making it easier to apply a potential in the direction of its spread, which is most likely to affect nematodes.

In FIG. 4, a rod-shaped electrical terminal 4a is buried, while the other electrical terminal 4b is in contact with the crop l. In this way, it is possible to reliably apply a show current to the roots 2, which further ensures the extermination of parasitic nematodes that have invaded the roots 2. When a voltage current is applied, water in the crop l is electrolyzed and the crop l is damaged, but it has been confirmed that such damage does not occur when pulsed as in the present invention.

In the above explanation, a single crop was targeted, but it is of course possible to connect multiple electrical terminals in series to exterminate multiple crops at once. be. Electrical terminals can be installed each time the need for extermination arises, but they can also be left in place until the end of harvest and extermination can be carried out at regular intervals; extermination can be done by simply flipping a switch. Therefore, it is extremely simple. Also,
The present invention also has the advantage of being able to drive away moles, earthworms, etc., although it cannot kill them.

Examples and comparative examples are shown below.

Example 1 Rod-shaped electrical terminals were buried in the arrangement shown in FIG. The target crop is tomatoes, and the electrical terminals are spaced 100cs apart.
+, buried at a depth of 20c layer. Nematode Nematode, a nematode, was added to the soil in advance, and one week after planting the seedlings, a pulse voltage of tooov was applied once per second between both electrodes, which was repeated 10 times. Thereafter, when Yr was grown by repeating the same voltage application every 1011 times, a good harvest was obtained without any crop damage.

Comparative Example 1 When cultivation was attempted under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that no voltage was applied, damping-off occurred 35 days after the fungus was planted, and no harvest was obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one aspect of the method according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figures to FIG. 4 are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments. 1: Crops, 2: Roots, 3: Soil, 4a, 4b
: Electrical terminal, 5: Pulse generator. Applicant: Sankyoki Co., Ltd. Agent: Fyo 1) Yoshio Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] l) Bury one of the electrical terminals near the crop planting location,
A method for exterminating wire rods, characterized by burying the other electrical end r- with the roots of the crop in between or bringing it into contact with the crop itself, and applying a high voltage pulse between both electrodes.