JPS59204851A - Electrostatic charge image developing toner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain good development characteristics and a long-lived positive type toner by incorporating a specified phenothiazine deriv. CONSTITUTION:A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image contains a phenothiazine deriv. represented by the formula shown here in which R1 is H, alkyl, aralkyl, or aryl; R2, R3 are each H, alkyl, alkoxy, aralkyloxy, alkylthio, cyclohexyl, nitro, or halogen; and the alkyl chain and the aryl ring of each of (R1-R3) may be substd. Such a compd. has a function as a superior charge controller, and a toner contg. it is mixed with a carrier to obtain a developer, and this is used in a state charged positively. Such a toner has good development characteristics and a long life, and it can form a superior image.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a toner used when developing electrostatic latent images such as electrophotography or electrostatic recording.

Methods for developing electrostatic latent images using toner include the magnetic brush method, which uses developer powder containing carrier particles mainly made of iron powder, and the cascade method, which uses developer powder containing glass particles as carrier particles. etc. are known.

The developing powders used in these developing methods include fine powders in which dyes or pigments are dispersed in thermoplastic resins, and developing powders to which an eighth substance is added as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-6898. is also known. However, since the above developer powder alone does not have desirable charging properties, dyes or pigments that impart charging properties are added, and currently in practical use, when imparting a negative charge to toner, When a metal-containing dye imparts a positive charge, there is a nigrosine dye. These dyes are charge control agents with excellent properties, but because they are colored substances, they cannot be used in color electrophotography, which has been particularly in demand in recent years. In addition, toners containing nigrosine dyes used in positive donors exhibit good development characteristics initially, but have the disadvantage of short lifespans. There is a strong demand for colorless or light-colored charge control agents. However, no charge control agent satisfying the above characteristics has yet been found.

An object of the present invention is to provide a long-life positive donor with good development properties.

That is, the present invention provides a removable toner for developing an electrostatic image, which has the general formula (Il [wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, and R2 and Ra are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group,
Aralkyl group, alkoxy group, aralkyloxy group, alkylthio group, aralkylthio group, cyclohexyl group,
Represents a nitro group or a halogen atom.

In the substituents R+, R2, and lia, the alkyl chain and aryl ring may be substituted. This is a toner for developing electrostatic images characterized by containing a phenothiazine represented by the following.

In the general formula (Il, R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group,
Alkyl groups that may be branched such as dodecyl groups, substituted alkyl groups such as methoxyl groups, ethoxyethyl groups, chloroethyl groups, dimethylaminoethyl groups, hydroxyethyl groups, benzyl groups, phenethyl groups, methylbenzyl groups, chloro Benzyl group, α-methylbenzyl group, α-
Aralkyl groups such as methylphenethyl groups, phenyl groups,
Aryl groups such as methylphel group and chlorophenyl group, R2 and Rs are hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, dodecyl group, trifluoromethyl group, Branched groups such as benzyl group, phenethyl group, methylbenzyl group, chlorobenzyl group, α-methylbenzyl group, heptaralkyl group such as α-methylphenethyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, octoxy group, etc. optional alkoxy group, methoxyethoxy group, ethoxyethoxy group, butoxyethoxy group, phenoxyethoxy group,
Alkoxy groups such as methoxypropoxy groups, benzyloxy groups, phenethyloxy groups, methylbenzyloxy groups, α-methylbenzyloxy groups, α-methylphenethyloxy groups, ρ aralkyloxy groups, methylthio groups, ethylthio groups, provinohithio groups, Alkylthio groups such as hexylthio groups, aralkylthio groups such as benzylthio groups and methylbenzylthio groups, cyclohexyl groups such as cyclohexyl groups and 4-methylcyclohexyl groups, nitro groups, halogens such as chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, fluorine atoms, and iodine atoms. Atoms are listed as typical substituents.

Phenothiazines represented by the general formula (Il) can be prepared using known methods such as alkylation, aralkylation, halogenation, and di)0 reaction of phenothiazine.
Alternatively, it can be obtained by reacting diphenylamines with sulfur.

'The toner contains a thermoplastic resin and a spring color substance in addition to the above-mentioned charge control agent. Examples of thermoplastic resins include:
Monopolymers or copolymers of styrene, p-chlorostyrene, vinyltoluene, etc., styrene-propylene copolymers, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymers, styrene-
Methyl acrylate, ethyl, butyl or octyl copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate, ethyl or butyl copolymer, styrene-7crylonitrile copolymer, styrene-isobutylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, polyester, etc. are used singly or in combination.

In addition, as colorants, i-azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes,
Dyes that do not have water-soluble groups such as sulfone groups, such as nitro dyes and quinophthalone dyes, and pigments such as quinacridone and phthalocyanine are used.

By mixing the phenothiazine represented by the general formula (month) of the present invention into a toner, the toner can be positively charged and a long-life toner with good development characteristics can be produced.

The amount of the charge control agent of the present invention mixed in the toner is usually not more than 0.5%, preferably 0.5 to 5%.

The toner of the present invention is mixed with a carrier to form a developer, and is used after being positively charged.

As the carrier, for example, iron powder, glass beads, and those whose surfaces are treated with resin are used.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples.

In the text, parts represent parts by weight.

Example 1 Styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer lo.

1 part, 3 parts of copper phthalocyanine, and 1 part of phenothiazine were uniformly premixed in a ball mill for 20 hours, then thoroughly kneaded in a heated roll mill, and finely pulverized to 1 to 40 μm to obtain a powder toner. A developer was prepared by mixing 5 parts of the obtained toner and 95 parts of iron powder, and copying was performed using a dry type electronic copying machine. As a result, good images were obtained and the lifespan was also good.

Example 2 In Example 1, a styrene-butadiene copolymer, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a styrene oligomer, or a styrene-acrylic acid resin was used instead of the styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer, and the other conditions were as in Example 1. Copies were made in the same manner. As a result, good images were obtained.

Examples 8 to 20 Copying was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a compound having the following structural formula was used in place of phenothiazine. As a result, a good image was obtained.

Ivy 8 Mu 4 Mu 5 Rin 7 2 15 1 CL(3 17 Arashi 19 Mu20 ■ 2Hs

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a toner used for developing an electrostatic charge image, the general formula (
A toner for developing electrostatic images characterized by containing a phenothiazine represented by the moon. [In the formula, R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group; Or represents a halogen atom. In the substituents R1, R2, and Ra, the alkyl chain and aryl ring may be substituted. ]