JPS59197772A - Engine driving heat pump type heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an engine-driven heat pump type heating device.

When using an engine (internal combustion engine) instead of an electric motor as the driving source for the compressor of a heat pump type heating system, the exhaust heat of the engine's exhaust gas and cooling water can be further used for heating purposes. . However, when utilizing this engine exhaust heat, it is desirable to be able to use the exhaust heat effectively without placing a large burden on the heat pump in the refrigerant circuit.

An object of the present invention is to provide an engine-driven heat pump type heating system that can efficiently utilize engine exhaust heat without increasing the load on the heat pump when the engine is used as the drive source as described above. We will not provide it.

The present invention achieves the above object by driving a compressor by an engine, and while compressing and circulating refrigerant by the compressor, it is connected to circulating water of a hot water circuit for indoor circulation via a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the circulation system. In a heat pump type heating device intended for heat exchange, an auxiliary heat exchanger that utilizes the exhaust heat is provided in the exhaust heat system of the engine, and the auxiliary heat exchanger bypasses the downstream side of the heat exchanger of the hot water circuit. There is a patent which is characterized in that the exhaust heat of the engine from the auxiliary heat exchanger is exchanged with the circulating water of the hot water circuit.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the case where the present invention is incorporated into an air conditioning system with a hot water storage device.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine driven using, for example, kerosene as fuel, and is provided with an air cleaner 6 and a carburetor 7 on the intake side, and an exhaust pipe 8 on the exhaust side. A compressor 2 is connected to the engine 1 via a clutch 3,
At the same time, an electric motor 4 is connected via a clutch 5, so that a plurality of driven bodies can be driven selectively or simultaneously. 9 is a hot water storage tank, and 10 is a room to be heated and cooled.

The compressor 2 is a refrigerant circuit l that compresses and circulates a refrigerant such as Freon.
is formed. This refrigerant circuit 1 includes an outdoor air heat exchanger 11 , a water heat exchanger 12 , throttles 17 18 and check valves 19 and 20 provided adjacent to these heat exchangers, and a hot water tank 9 that passes through the refrigerant circuit 1 . A hot water storage heat exchanger 16 is provided. By switching the three-way switching valves 13, 15 and the four-way switching valve 14, the circulation path for sending refrigerant to these devices can be switched to a heating circuit, a cooling circuit, a hot water storage circuit, etc. as described later.

A cold/hot water circuit ■ passes through the water heat exchanger 12, and the water heat exchanger 1
The cold and hot water heat-exchanged in step 2 is forcibly circulated by a pump 22 to cool and heat the room 10. On the downstream side of the water heat exchanger 12 in the cold/hot water circuit ■, a valve 23.2 is installed.
A bypass circuit (2) is provided via the air conditioner 4 to enable switching of the flow path, and the bypass circuit (2) is further provided with an auxiliary heat exchanger 34 for heating.

The cooling water of the engine 1 is supplied to the pump 2 via the cooling water circuit ■.
Forced circulation is performed by 5. In the cooling water circuit (2), the cooling water cools the cylinders of the engine 1 and removes heat, passes through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 26 in the exhaust pipe 8, removes heat, and transfers this removed engine exhaust heat to the hot water storage tank 9. Exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 27 and heating auxiliary heat exchanger 34 installed inside
Release with.

The cooling water circuit ■I is provided with three valves 28, 29, and 30. When valves 28, 30 are closed and valves 29 are open, the cooling water with the highest temperature will flow to the hot water tank. 9
is bypassed without passing through the exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger 27,
It passes directly to the auxiliary heat exchanger 34 for heating. Therefore, if the bypass flow path is used when starting the engine, the temperature of the cooling water can be increased quickly, and cooling loss of the engine can be reduced. In this case, if the valve 24 is closed, the temperature of the cooling water can rise even more quickly. Also, if the bypass flow path is used during heating operation, the heating temperature can be raised more quickly. Further, when the valves 28, 29 are closed and 30 is opened, the cooling water circulates to the radiator 31, where the heat is radiated.

The radiator 31 is provided so as to overlap the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 of the refrigerant circuit I described above, and also shares the fan 32 for blowing air. That is, as shown in detail in FIG. 6, a radiator 31 is disposed above the outdoor air heat exchanger 11, the former has refrigerant circulation knobs 60 meandering back and forth, and the latter has cooling water. The circulating vibro 1 for
．． A common heat dissipation fin 62 is fixed to the outer periphery of the fin 61 .

In the above device, the three-way valve 13 in the refrigerant circuit
．． 15 and four-way valve 14 to predetermined positions, the following heating can be performed.

Various operations such as cooling and hot water storage can be performed.

(Heating operation) As shown in Fig. 2, the three-way valve 13.
5 and four-way valve 14 are set. With this setting, the water heat exchanger 12 acts as a refrigerant condenser, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 acts as an evaporator. That is, compressed ta2
The refrigerant, which has become a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by compression, is condensed by heat exchange in the water heat exchanger 12, and the condensation heat is given to the circulating water of the cold/hot water circuit (2). The liquefied refrigerant then becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant liquid that is partially gasified when passing through the throttle 17, and is gasified in the outdoor air heat exchanger 11, taking the heat of evaporation from the outside air. The gasified low-temperature refrigerant returns to the compressor 2 and resumes the cycle.

In the cold/hot water circuit II, the valve 23 is closed and the valve 24 is opened, and the circulating water circulates as shown by the arrow. For this reason, the circulating water is heated to approximately 40 to 50° C. by removing the heat of evaporation from the refrigerant in the water heat exchanger 12, and the heated circulating water enters the bypass circuit 12 and passes through the heating auxiliary heat exchanger 34. For heating?
In the li heat exchanger, exhaust heat from the engine is removed to further raise the temperature. The circulating water heated in this way enters the room 10 through the cold 7M water circuit 11 and is used for heating.

As mentioned above, the cold and hot water surface 1 immediately after passing through the water heat exchanger 12
The circulating water on the downstream side of Raku is at a low temperature of about 40 to 50°C, and in this low temperature state, the heating auxiliary heat exchanger 34 absorbs the engine exhaust heat at a higher temperature. Engine exhaust heat can be efficiently absorbed without imposing an unreasonable burden. If the heating auxiliary heat exchanger 34 is provided upstream of the water heat exchanger 12, it is necessary to reach the desired final high temperature using the refrigerant circuit I.
This will put an unreasonable burden on the compressor 2.

In the cooling water circuit ■, if the valve 28 is closed to limit the circulation to the hot water tank 9 side, and if the valve 29 is opened to circulate the cooling water as shown by the dashed arrow, more heat can be transferred to the hot and cold water circuit ■. It is possible to obtain the above-mentioned benefits that can be given to the circulating water at the time of starting the engine or starting the heating operation.

(Cooling Operation) As shown in FIG. 3, the three-way valves 13 and 15 and the four-way valve 14 are set so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 flows through the flow paths as shown by the arrows.

With this configuration, the water heat exchanger 12 acts as a refrigerant evaporator, and the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 acts as a condenser. That is, the refrigerant that has been turned into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 2 is condensed through heat exchange in the outdoor air heat exchanger 11, and radiates the heat of condensation to become a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid. The liquefied refrigerant then becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant liquid that is partially gasified when passing through the throttle 1B, and in the water heat exchanger 12, it absorbs heat from the circulating water of the cold/hot water circuit H and evaporates. Cooled by heat of evaporation. The gasified refrigerant returns to the compressor 2 again and repeats the above cycle.

In the hot/cold water circuit (2), the valve 23 is opened and the valve 24 is closed, and cooled low-temperature circulating water is circulated as shown by the arrow to provide cooling for the room 10.

In the cooling water circuit (2) of the engine 1, when the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 reaches a predetermined temperature, the valves 28 and 30 are switched so that heat is radiated from the radiator 31.

(Cooling + hot water storage operation) As shown in FIG. 4, the three-way valves 13 and 15 and the four-way valve 14 are set so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 flows in the flow path shown by the arrow. In this operation, the three-way valve 13 in the cooling operation state shown in FIG. Therefore, the hot water storage heat exchanger 16 acts as a condenser instead of the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 and releases the condensation heat generated by the high temperature gas refrigerant into the hot water storage tank 9.

(Hot water storage operation) As shown in FIG. 5, the three-way valves 13 and 15 and the four-way valve 14 are set so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 flows in the flow path shown by the arrow. Due to this refrigerant flow path, the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 acts as an evaporator, and the hot water storage heat exchanger 16 acts as a condenser. The outdoor air heat exchanger 11 gasifies the refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by the throttle 17, and the hot water storage heat exchanger 16 releases the heat of condensation of the high temperature gas refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 2 into the hot water storage tank 9.

Switching to each of the above-mentioned operation modes can be easily performed by switching and controlling the three-way valves 13, 15, the four-way valves 14, and the valves 23 and 24 using the combiners 4-50, as shown in FIG. It can be implemented. Furthermore, when the cooling/heating load disappears during the cooling/heating operation, it is also possible to automatically switch from the cooling/heating operation mode to the hot water storage operation mode. In addition, valves 28 and 29 in the cooling water circuit
．． 30 can be automatically controlled by the computer 50 by detecting that a predetermined temperature has been reached using a temperature detection signal in the hot water storage tank 9.

Further, the computer 50 inputs the throttle opening signal of the carburetor 7 or the rotation speed signal of the engine 1, and controls the rotation speed of the fan 32 according to the difference between the set rotation speed of the engine and the actual rotation speed. By doing so and controlling the heat load, overload of the engine 1 can be prevented. Furthermore, - the unload valve 33 is opened and closed according to the difference between the set engine speed and the actual engine speed, and when the difference is large, the compressor is turned off to prevent the engine 1 from being overloaded. You can also.

As shown in Fig. 6, the radiator 31 is connected to the outdoor air heat exchanger 1.
1, if frost has formed on the outdoor air heat exchanger 11 during heating/hot water storage operation, it can be easily defrosted by flowing cooling water to the radiator 31.

In addition, such defrosting is performed as shown in Figure 1.
This can also be done by guiding the exhaust part of the exhaust pipe 8 to the upstream side of the fan 32 through the conduit 35.

As described above, in the present invention, when the above device is applied as a heating device, the compressor is driven by the engine, and the refrigerant is compressed and circulated by the compressor while the refrigerant is compressed and circulated indoors through a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the circulation system. In a heat pump type heating device designed to exchange heat with circulating water of a hot water circuit for circulation, an auxiliary heat exchanger that utilizes the exhaust heat is provided in the exhaust heat system of the engine, and the auxiliary heat exchanger is connected to the hot water circuit. Bypassing the downstream side of the heat exchanger 7 and exchanging heat from the engine exhaust heat from the auxiliary heat exchanger to the circulating water in the hot water circuit, the heat pump It becomes possible to efficiently utilize engine exhaust heat without placing a large burden on the engine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a heating and cooling system with a hot water storage device incorporating the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the refrigerant flow during heating operation of the device, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the refrigerant flow during cooling operation of the same device. Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the refrigerant flow during cooling → - hot water storage operation, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the refrigerant flow during hot water storage operation, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the refrigerant flow during hot water storage operation. It is a perspective view of an air heat exchanger and a radiator. ■...Engine, 2...Compressor, 8...Exhaust pipe,
10... Room, 12... Water heat exchanger, 26... Exhaust gas heat exchanger, 34... Heating auxiliary or heat exchanger, ■... Refrigerant circuit, ■... Cold temperature circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A heat pump type heating system in which a compressor is driven by an engine, and the refrigerant is compressed and circulated by the compressor, and heat is exchanged with the circulating water of the hot water circuit for indoor circulation via a heat exchanger installed in the circulation system. In the apparatus, an auxiliary heat exchanger that utilizes the exhaust heat is provided in the exhaust heat system of the engine, and the downstream side of the heat exchanger of the hot water circuit is bypassed and passed through the auxiliary heat exchanger. An engine-driven heat pump type heating device designed to exchange engine exhaust heat with circulating water in a water circuit.