JPS5919732A - Friction member - Google Patents
Friction memberInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5919732A JPS5919732A JP12877382A JP12877382A JPS5919732A JP S5919732 A JPS5919732 A JP S5919732A JP 12877382 A JP12877382 A JP 12877382A JP 12877382 A JP12877382 A JP 12877382A JP S5919732 A JPS5919732 A JP S5919732A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cork
- friction
- clutch
- particles
- cork particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019814 powdered cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920003124 powdered cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- -1 and for example Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007804 fired cork Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000296923 Kinia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZEDIBTVIIJELN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+) Chemical compound [Cr+2] UZEDIBTVIIJELN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012261 resinous substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は工業用ミシンにおける電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ
等のクラッチライニング、ブレーキライニングに用いら
れる摩擦材に関するものである、従来例の構成とその問
題点
まず、摩擦材が用いられる電磁クラッチ、ブレーキモー
タの構成を第1図を参照して説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a friction material used for clutch linings and brake linings of electromagnetic clutches and brakes in industrial sewing machines. The structure of an electromagnetic clutch and a brake motor using a friction material will be explained with reference to FIG.
第1図は電磁クラッチ・ブレーキモータの要部の構成を
示すもので1.駆動用モータの回転軸1の一端にクラッ
チ構成体の一つであるクラッチ盤2を固定した慣性体で
あるフライホイール3が固定されている。フライホイー
ル3に対向する位置にあるエンドブラケット4はクラッ
チ巻線6aを有するクラッチヨーク5.ブレーキ巻線6
aを有するブレーキヨーク6、ブレーキシュアを保持し
ており、一方軸受8を介して出力を取り出すプーリ9を
有し、他端には摺動軸(スプライン)10を有するクラ
ッチ軸11を支持している。クラッチライニング(摩擦
材)12.ブレーキライニング(摩擦材)13を保持し
たクラッチリング14゜ブレーキリング16は摺動軸1
0上を軸方向に移動可能、回転方向の相対運動不可に支
持され、両者はOリング16とカップリング17で連結
されている。Figure 1 shows the configuration of the main parts of the electromagnetic clutch/brake motor. A flywheel 3, which is an inertial body, is fixed to one end of a rotating shaft 1 of a drive motor, and a clutch disk 2, which is one of the clutch components, is fixed thereto. The end bracket 4 located opposite the flywheel 3 has a clutch yoke 5 with a clutch winding 6a. Brake winding 6
The brake yoke 6 has a brake yoke 6, which holds a brake yoke, has a pulley 9 for taking out an output via a bearing 8 on one end, and supports a clutch shaft 11 having a sliding shaft (spline) 10 on the other end. There is. Clutch lining (friction material) 12. Clutch ring 14 holding brake lining (friction material) 13 Brake ring 16 is attached to sliding shaft 1
0 in the axial direction, but not relatively movable in the rotational direction, and both are connected by an O-ring 16 and a coupling 17.
次に電磁クラッチ・ブレーキの動作について説明する。Next, the operation of the electromagnetic clutch and brake will be explained.
回転軸1は連続回転しており、その軸端に固定されたフ
ライホイール3で回転エネルギーを蓄積した状態にある
。従ってクラッチ巻arstに通電すると、その電磁力
5bが発生し、クラソチリング14はクラッチ盤2に吸
引されクラッチライニング(摩擦材)12を介して回転
動力が摺動軸10、 クラッチ軸11を通してプーリ
9に取り出される。停止させる場合にはブレーキ巻線6
aに通電すると電磁力6bが生じてブレーキリング15
がプレーキンニアに吸引され、ブレーキライニング(摩
擦材)13を介して、摺動軸10.クラッチ軸11を通
じてエンドブラケット4に固定されたプレーキンニアと
の間で制動力を生じ制動される。The rotating shaft 1 is continuously rotating, and a flywheel 3 fixed to the end of the shaft is in a state where rotational energy is stored. Therefore, when the clutch winding arst is energized, the electromagnetic force 5b is generated, and the clasot ring 14 is attracted to the clutch disc 2, and the rotational power is transmitted through the clutch lining (friction material) 12, the sliding shaft 10, the clutch shaft 11, and the pulley 9. taken out. When stopping, brake winding 6
When power is applied to a, an electromagnetic force 6b is generated and the brake ring 15
is attracted to the brake lining, and is moved to the sliding shaft 10 through the brake lining (friction material) 13. A braking force is generated between the clutch shaft 11 and a pre-kinia fixed to the end bracket 4, and braking is performed.
上記のような構造を有する電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ付き
モータは一般に高頻度の起動停止が行なわれる工業用ミ
シンの、駆動用として広く用いられており、モータには
400W程度のものが使用され、回転速度として6.0
0 Orpm−4でか使用される。Motors with electromagnetic clutches and brakes having the structure described above are widely used to drive industrial sewing machines that typically start and stop frequently. as 6.0
0 Used in Orpm-4.
そのだめクラッチ・ブレーキ動作時の鳴き音や摩擦面か
らの異臭が嫌われる。そして、ミジン5駆動用の電磁ク
ラッチ・ブレーキ伺きモータとしては1日1万回程度の
クラッチ・ブレーキ動作が行なわれることから摩擦材と
して長寿命のものが要求される。これらの要求を満足さ
せるだめに電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ付きモータに供する
摩擦材には柔細胞構造を有する乾燥したコルク樹皮を粉
砕して得たコルク粒子とフェノール樹脂、ポリウレタン
樹脂、ユリア樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂などの粒子結合剤と
を混合し、加熱圧縮してなる圧搾コルクが摩擦母料とし
て使用される。また、米国特許第3,777,864号
明細書で知られる如く、この摩擦母材に油剤すなわちグ
リース或いは潤滑油等を含浸し、少なくとも摩擦母材の
摩擦面に潤滑膜を形成した構成の摩擦材が用いられてい
る。一方、これ等の摩擦材の相手材としては一般に高度
に研削した炭素鋼が用いられる。Unfortunately, the squealing noises and unpleasant odors from friction surfaces during clutch and brake operation are disliked. Since the electromagnetic clutch/brake motor for driving the milling machine 5 performs clutch/brake operations approximately 10,000 times a day, a long-life friction material is required. To meet these demands, the friction materials used in motors with electromagnetic clutches and brakes include cork particles obtained by crushing dried cork bark with a soft cell structure, phenolic resin, polyurethane resin, urea resin, and vinyl acetate resin. Compressed cork, which is obtained by mixing with a particle binder such as and heating and compressing it, is used as the friction base material. Further, as known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,777,864, this friction base material is impregnated with an oil agent, such as grease or lubricating oil, to form a lubricant film on at least the friction surface of the friction base material. material is used. On the other hand, highly ground carbon steel is generally used as a mating material for these friction materials.
上記摩擦母料、即ち圧搾コルクの主要構成成分としてコ
ルクが用いられる理由としては、コルクが天然植物製産
物であるにも拘らず油脂、有機溶剤り有機酸5石鹸アル
カリ、塩類に対して化学的に安定であり、且つ電磁クラ
ッチ・ブレーキ付きモータの摩擦母材としては十分な耐
熱性が確保されるからである。更に1CrII当り概ね
26万個程度の微細な空気充満細胞構造特性に基づく軟
かく且つ弾性自由度が大きい性質によりクラッチ・ブレ
ーキ動作時の当り音が柔かい等の長所があるだめである
。The reason why cork is used as the main component of the above-mentioned friction matrix, that is, pressed cork, is that although cork is a natural plant product, it is chemically resistant to oils, organic solvents, organic acids, 5-soap alkalis, and salts. This is because it is stable and has sufficient heat resistance as a friction base material for a motor with an electromagnetic clutch/brake. Furthermore, it is soft and has a large degree of elastic freedom based on the structural characteristics of approximately 260,000 fine air-filled cells per CrII, so it has advantages such as a soft hitting sound during clutch/brake operation.
反面、上記圧搾コルクは一般に摩擦面に潤滑膜が存在し
ないと摩擦係数が温度摺動速度などの外的安因によって
変化し易く、これによりクラッチ・ブレーキ動作が不安
定となる。On the other hand, if the pressed cork does not generally have a lubricating film on its friction surface, the friction coefficient tends to change due to external factors such as temperature and sliding speed, resulting in unstable clutch/brake operation.
また圧搾コルク自身は高摩擦係数であるため一般の材料
と同じように静摩擦係数が動摩擦係数に比べて高い。す
なわち、周知のように特に低摺動速度時にスティック・
スリップ現象が生じ易くクラッチ・ブレーキ動作時にお
いて、鳴音が発生し易くなる。更に圧搾コルクは熱放散
性が低いので、摩擦熱が蓄績し易く、その結果、相手材
との凝着力よりも摩擦面近傍の圧搾コルクの粒子間結合
力の方が小さくなり、コルク粒子が相手材に転移し、或
いは脱落してゆく異常摩耗を生じる。この現象は特に摩
擦面に形成した潤滑膜が、その機能を失った場合に高速
下でクラッチ・ブレーキ動作を行なったときに見られ、
摩擦係数が温度、摺動速度など外的要因により変化し易
くなり、摩耗が加速され摩擦材の寿命に至る。Furthermore, since pressed cork itself has a high coefficient of friction, the coefficient of static friction is higher than the coefficient of dynamic friction, just like other materials. In other words, as is well known, the stick
Slip phenomenon is likely to occur, and noise is likely to occur during clutch/brake operation. Furthermore, since pressed cork has low heat dissipation properties, frictional heat easily accumulates, and as a result, the interparticle bonding force of pressed cork near the friction surface becomes smaller than the adhesion force with the other material, and cork particles This causes abnormal wear that transfers to the mating material or causes it to fall off. This phenomenon is especially seen when the lubricating film formed on the friction surface loses its function and clutch/brake operation is performed at high speed.
The coefficient of friction tends to change due to external factors such as temperature and sliding speed, accelerating wear and reaching the end of the life of the friction material.
上記の様な不具合を防上するため従来圧搾コルクの少な
くとも摩擦面に油剤、すなわちグリース或いは潤滑油を
定期的に塗布、含浸することにより潤滑膜を機能させて
圧搾コルクの欠点を克服していた。所謂、潤滑油の場合
は直接、グリースの場合はその離油性をも利用して、主
として基油を圧搾コルクなどの粒子間にできるだけ多量
に浸透させるよう工夫した摩擦制が実用化されていた。In order to prevent the above-mentioned problems, conventionally, at least the friction surface of pressed cork was regularly coated and impregnated with oil, such as grease or lubricating oil, to make the lubricating film function and overcome the disadvantages of pressed cork. . So-called friction systems have been put into practical use that are designed to allow as much base oil as possible to penetrate between particles of pressed cork, etc., either directly in the case of lubricating oil or by utilizing its oil-releasing properties in the case of grease.
しかしこの様な摩擦材は圧搾コルクのコルク粒子間の狭
い間隙(粒界)には極めて浸透しにくく、捷だクラッチ
・ブレーキ動作による圧縮−回復の繰り返し1でより圧
搾コルクの粒子間に浸透させた油剤かにじみ出易く、経
時的には不安定であり長期間の使用には耐えられない欠
点があった。However, this type of friction material is extremely difficult to penetrate into the narrow gaps (grain boundaries) between the cork particles of pressed cork. The disadvantages were that the oil solution easily oozed out, was unstable over time, and could not withstand long-term use.
発明の目的
本発明は上記欠点を解消するもので、圧搾コルりの長所
である軟かく月一つ弾性自由度が大きい点をそのit生
かしつつ、油剤による潤滑膜の形成を容易にするもので
ある、
発明の構成
本発明はクラッチ・ブレーキ動作時の摩擦材の圧縮に伴
ってにじみ出る油剤を摩擦月の弾性回復時にコルク粒子
間に介在する有機質繊維の吸油性を利用して再び摩擦材
の中へ速かに取り込むように配慮したものである。その
特徴(佳コルク粒子と粒子結合剤からなる従来の摩擦L
υ拐である圧搾コルクのコルク粒子間のうち少なくとも
摩擦iM1:i斤傍に吸油した有機質繊維の群を介在せ
しめることにある。更には前記不機質繊維が粉末繊維素
であり、これ等の有機質繊維が吸油する油剤としては鉱
油。Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and makes it easier to form a lubricating film with an oil while taking advantage of the advantages of compressed corrugation, which is that it is soft and has a large degree of elasticity. Structure of the Invention The present invention utilizes the oil absorption properties of organic fibers interposed between cork particles to re-inject the oil that oozes out as the friction material is compressed during clutch/brake operation into the friction material when the friction material recovers its elasticity. It was designed to be quickly incorporated into the system. Its characteristics (conventional friction L made of cork particles and particle binder)
The purpose is to interpose a group of oil-absorbing organic fibers at least near the friction iM1:i between the cork particles of the pressed cork, which is the friction force. Furthermore, the inorganic fiber is powdered cellulose, and the oil agent that these organic fibers absorb is mineral oil.
α−オレフィンオリゴマー、ポリエーテル、ジエスデル
、ヒンタートエステル、リン酸エステルからなる群から
選ばれた1種まだは2種以上のものを有効成分とし摩擦
材基盤の摩擦面に形成させる潤滑膜の有効成分と同一種
の液状物質である。本発明に使用されるコルク粒子は、
コルク樹皮を乾燥して粉砕したもので特に粒子径を限定
するものではないが6〜60meshが適当である。粒
子径が小さいと粒子結合剤を多量に要し、加熱圧縮によ
って圧搾コルクを製造する際の作業性が悪くなる。粒子
径が大きすぎると本発明の特徴の1つである有機質繊維
の分布が局在的になるので好捷しくない。本発明に使用
される粒子結合剤とは一般の圧搾コルクの場合と何等変
わりなく例えばフェノール樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、酢
酸ビニルIHI”a等が適宜用いられる。本発明で使用
される有機質繊維とは、例えばポリアミド系繊維、ポリ
ビニルアルコール系繊維、ポリ塩化ビニリデン系繊維。An effective lubricating film formed on the friction surface of a friction material base with one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of α-olefin oligomers, polyethers, diesel esters, hinterate esters, and phosphate esters. It is a liquid substance of the same type as the ingredients. The cork particles used in the present invention are
It is made by drying and pulverizing cork bark, and the particle size is not particularly limited, but 6 to 60 mesh is suitable. If the particle size is small, a large amount of particle binder is required, and the workability when producing pressed cork by heat compression becomes poor. If the particle size is too large, the distribution of organic fibers, which is one of the characteristics of the present invention, will become localized, which is not preferable. The particle binder used in the present invention is no different from that in the case of general pressed cork, and for example, phenol resin, polyurethane resin, vinyl acetate IHI''a, etc. are used as appropriate.The organic fiber used in the present invention is: For example, polyamide fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyvinylidene chloride fiber.
ポリ塩化ビニル系繊維、ポリエステル系繊維、ポリアク
リロニトリル系繊維、ポリエチレン系繊維。Polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyester fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyethylene fiber.
ポリプロピレン系繊維、ポリウレタン系繊維、ポリフル
オルエチレン系繊維などの合成繊維、或いはセルロース
を主体とした植物性繊維、たんばく質を主体とした動物
性繊維があり、これ等の群の1種または2種以上が適宜
使用される。しかし、上記有機質繊維の中でも特に好ま
しいのはパルプから得られる粉末繊維素である。粉末繊
維素は繊維形態のものに柔細胞構造のものが含1れるが
コルク粒子との親和性に優れ、その化学的安定性、熱安
定性とともに摩擦熱などにより異臭を生じないことなど
がコルク粒子と類似な性質を呈する。またセルロースと
しては吸湿性が低い方で、油脂類など疎水性物質に対し
てケま全く膨潤しない性質があり、油剤を直接或いはグ
リース状、ソロノブ状に変性しても速やかに吸収する性
質があるからである(コルクは防水利やコルク栓として
使用されるようにコルク自身の樹脂状物質や均一性細胞
構造のだめ一般に液体をコルク粒子内に浸透させること
は極めて困難である)。There are synthetic fibers such as polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, and polyfluoroethylene fibers, vegetable fibers mainly composed of cellulose, and animal fibers mainly composed of protein. More than one species is used as appropriate. However, particularly preferred among the above organic fibers is powdered cellulose obtained from pulp. Powdered cellulose, which is in the form of fibers and has a soft cell structure, has excellent affinity with cork particles, and is chemically stable and thermally stable, as well as not producing off-flavors due to frictional heat. Exhibits properties similar to particles. In addition, cellulose has low hygroscopicity and does not swell at all when exposed to hydrophobic substances such as oils and fats, and it has the property of quickly absorbing oils directly or even if they are modified into grease or solo knobs. (Cork is used for waterproofing purposes and cork stoppers; it is generally extremely difficult to infiltrate liquid into cork particles due to cork's own resinous substance and uniform cell structure.)
上記有機質繊維を疎水処理するだめの物質は鉱油、α−
オレフィンオリゴマー(ポリα−オレフィ/)、ポリエ
ーテル(ポリアルキレンクリコール、ポリクリコール、
ポリアルキし/ンオキサイト)。The substance used to hydrophobically treat the organic fibers is mineral oil, α-
Olefin oligomer (poly α-olefin/), polyether (polyalkylene glycol, polyglycol,
Polyalkylene/Noxite).
ジエステル(二塩基Hエステル)、ヒンダードエステル
(ホIJ オールエステ/L)、 l) /酸エステ
ルからなる群から選ばれた1種まだは2種以上の液状疎
水性物質で、これ等は寸だ摩擦母材の摩擦面に有効な潤
滑膜を形成するだめの各種添加剤を含有したものでも差
支えない。例えば高級アルコール。A liquid hydrophobic substance consisting of one or more types selected from the group consisting of diester (dibasic H ester), hindered ester (HoIJ Alleste/L), and acid ester. However, it may also contain various additives that form an effective lubricating film on the friction surface of the friction base material. For example, high-grade alcohol.
ケトン、エステル、アミン或いは高級脂肪酸オヨび金属
石鹸や油脂などの極性基を有する長鎖化合物である油性
剤、ポリメチルンロキザンのような消泡剤、スルホン酸
塩、アミン、有機酸或いはその塩、エステル等の極性基
を有する有機化合物である防錆剤、有機シリコン化合物
、高級脂肪族アミン等の発水剤、ポリブテン、ポリメタ
クリレ−1’+ 不飽和脂肪酸のアルミニウム石鹸等の
粘着剤、更には遊離脂肪酸、グリセリド、ナフテン酸の
アルカリ土類塩やリチウム塩、亜鉛石鹸、ペトロラクタ
ム等ノ離シよう防止剤、アントラキノン系染料等の着色
剤、芳香族アミン系、フェノール系。Ketones, esters, amines or higher fatty acids; oily agents which are long chain compounds with polar groups such as metal soaps and oils; antifoaming agents such as polymethylsiloxane; sulfonates, amines, organic acids or their salts. , rust preventives that are organic compounds with polar groups such as esters, organic silicon compounds, water repellents such as higher aliphatic amines, adhesives such as polybutene, polymethacrylate-1'+ aluminum soaps of unsaturated fatty acids, and more. Free fatty acids, glycerides, alkaline earth salts and lithium salts of naphthenic acids, zinc soaps, anti-sealing agents such as petrolactam, coloring agents such as anthraquinone dyes, aromatic amines, and phenols.
シアルギルジチオリン酸亜鉛系化合物などの酸化防止剤
、或いは各種有機溶剤等の希釈剤、二硫化モリブデン、
グラファイト、酸化鉛、或いはポリテトラフロロエチレ
ン粉末のような固体潤滑剤がある、
」−記コルク粒子2粒子結合剤、有機質繊維を混合し、
加熱圧縮した後で当該コルク粒子間に介在する有機質繊
維群に油剤を表面塗布して潤滑膜を形成すると同時に吸
油せしめても、或いはまた予め有機質繊維に吸油処理し
て、粒子結合剤を付着せしめたコルク粒子と混合して加
熱圧縮した摩擦母材の摩擦面に更に潤滑膜を形成しても
本発明の摩擦拐を製造し得る。Antioxidants such as zinc sialgyldithiophosphate compounds, diluents such as various organic solvents, molybdenum disulfide,
A solid lubricant such as graphite, lead oxide, or polytetrafluoroethylene powder, mixed with two cork particles, a binder, and an organic fiber;
After heating and compression, an oil agent can be applied to the surface of the organic fibers interposed between the cork particles to form a lubricating film and absorb the oil at the same time, or alternatively, the organic fibers can be treated with oil absorption in advance to adhere the particle binder. The friction material of the present invention can also be produced by further forming a lubricating film on the friction surface of a friction base material mixed with cork particles and heated and compressed.
本発明においてコルク粒子2粒予納合剤、有機質繊維の
混合割合は製造される摩擦材の摩擦係数や寿命に関係す
るが、コルク粒子の吸湿性等を考慮すれば特に規制され
るものではない。しかしながら6〜60 mesh程度
の比較的扱い易いコルク粒子の場合にはコルク粒子10
Q重量部に対し粒子結合剤10〜30重量部、有機質繊
維2〜50重量部が適当である。粒子結合剤の量が少な
いと機械的な強さが不足し、多いとコルク粒子間に介在
する有機質繊維群を濡らすため、その吸油性が低下する
からである。有機質繊維の量が少ないと潤滑膜が十分な
厚さを確保できなくなったり、クラッチ・ブレーキ動作
の繰り返しにより摩擦拐が圧縮したことによって摩擦材
表面からしみ出しだ油剤を弾性回復時に速かに再び吸油
する機能が著しく低下してしまい、有機質繊維の量が多
いとコルク粒子同士の結合をさまたげることになり摩擦
母材の機械的強度を低下させることになる。尚、上記摩
擦材はクラッチライニング12.ブレーキライニング1
3ともに同一構成で使用できる。In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the two-grain cork particle pre-consolidation agent and the organic fibers is related to the friction coefficient and life of the friction material to be manufactured, but is not particularly restricted as long as the hygroscopicity of the cork particles is taken into consideration. However, in the case of relatively easy-to-handle cork particles of about 6 to 60 mesh, cork particles of 10
It is appropriate to use 10 to 30 parts by weight of the particle binder and 2 to 50 parts by weight of the organic fiber to Q parts by weight. This is because if the amount of the particle binder is small, the mechanical strength will be insufficient, and if the amount is too large, the organic fibers interposed between the cork particles will be wetted, resulting in a decrease in oil absorption. If the amount of organic fibers is small, the lubricant film may not be sufficiently thick, or the lubricant that seeps out from the surface of the friction material due to compression of the friction particles due to repeated clutch/brake operations can be quickly regenerated when elastic recovery occurs. The oil absorption function is significantly reduced, and if the amount of organic fibers is large, the bonding between cork particles is hindered, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical strength of the friction base material. Incidentally, the above-mentioned friction material is the clutch lining 12. Brake lining 1
3 can be used with the same configuration.
次に本発明を摩擦特性から説明する。但し以下に述べる
摩擦特性はJISD4411に準拠したもので、相手材
は表面粗度3Sに研削された炭素鋼からなる円盤で、摺
動速度は2m/sec、摩擦材への面圧は1・8wyf
/cmの条件のものである。Next, the present invention will be explained from the perspective of friction characteristics. However, the friction characteristics described below are based on JISD4411, the mating material is a disk made of carbon steel ground to a surface roughness of 3S, the sliding speed is 2 m/sec, and the surface pressure on the friction material is 1.8 wyf.
/cm.
第2図は摩擦面温度と動摩擦係数との関係を示す特性図
である。図中Aは14〜35 meshのコルク粒子を
ポリウレタン樹脂を粒子結合剤として、eo’cに加熱
圧縮して得だ見掛は密度約06g/Qcの圧搾コルク(
粒子結合剤の含有量は20 wt%)、Bは人と同じコ
ルク粒子と結合剤から見掛は栴度約0.6!j/ccと
なるよう170℃で加熱圧縮して得だ焼成コルクである
。CはAを摩擦母材とし、40℃の動粘度28 cst
のアルキルベンゼンを22重量係含浸することによって
摩擦面に潤滑膜を形成したもの、DはAと同じコルり粒
子と粒子結合剤100重計部に対して3o重量部の粉末
繊維素に予めCで使用したアルキルベンゼンを30重量
部吸油したのち混合し、60℃で加熱圧縮してなる本発
明例の摩擦材、Eは人と同じコルり粒子と粒子結合剤1
0o重量部に対して30重量部の粉末繊維素を、そのま
甘加え、eo’Gで加熱圧縮して得た摩擦旬月の摩擦面
にCで使用したアルキルベンゼン
成した本発明例のものである、
第2図においてA, Hの特性曲線から圧搾コルり,
焼成コルクなどのコルクを摩擦材として、そのまま使用
した場合には温度による動摩擦係数の変化率が太きい。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between friction surface temperature and dynamic friction coefficient. In the figure, A is compressed cork particles with an apparent density of about 06 g/Qc obtained by heating and compressing cork particles of 14 to 35 mesh to EO'C using polyurethane resin as a particle binder.
The particle binder content is 20 wt%), and B has the same cork particles and binder as humans, so the apparent hardness is about 0.6! It is a fired cork that is heated and compressed at 170°C to give a ratio of 1.5 m/cc. C uses A as the friction base material and has a kinematic viscosity of 28 cst at 40°C.
A lubricating film is formed on the friction surface by impregnating 22 parts by weight of alkylbenzene. The friction material of the present invention is made by absorbing 30 parts by weight of the alkylbenzene used, mixing it, and heating and compressing it at 60°C.E is the same corrugated particles and particle binder 1
This is an example of the present invention in which the alkylbenzene used in C was formed on the friction surface of a friction piece obtained by adding 30 parts by weight of powdered cellulose to 0 parts by weight and heating and compressing it with EO'G. In Fig. 2, from the characteristic curves A and H, the compression corrugation,
When cork such as fired cork is used as a friction material, the rate of change in the coefficient of dynamic friction due to temperature is large.
まだ動摩擦係数の値も高い。即ち、クラッチ・ブレーキ
動作時に鳴き易い摩擦材であることは明白である。この
場合、コルり粒子の結合剤として例えばフェノール樹脂
などを用いても或いは、またコルク粒子の粒子径を変更
してみても摩擦盤温度に対する動摩擦係数の特性はやは
り同じ傾向である。The coefficient of dynamic friction is still high. In other words, it is clear that the friction material is likely to squeal during clutch/brake operation. In this case, even if, for example, a phenol resin or the like is used as a binder for the cork particles, or even if the particle diameter of the cork particles is changed, the characteristics of the dynamic friction coefficient with respect to the friction disc temperature tend to remain the same.
一方、Cはコルクに油やグリースを含浸した、例えば米
国特許第3,7 7 7,8 6 4号明細書に記載の
摩擦材に相当するが、この様な油剤によって摩擦面に潤
滑膜を形成することにより、コルクをそのママ使用する
場合に比べて動摩擦係数の温度に対する変化率が少なく
なる。しかし、Cの特性曲線において温度の上昇と共に
動摩擦係数が低下するのは潤滑膜を形成するアルキルベ
ンゼンの粘度低下を反映したものであるが、温度が概ね
70″Gを越えると動摩擦係数が再び上昇し始める。こ
れに対して本発明例であるり, Hの場合は比較的低
温度領域においてはCと同様な特性曲線であるが、該温
度が概ね70℃を越えるとCの特性曲線とは明らかに異
なったものとなる。即ち、D, Hの場合は摩擦盤温
度が70′Gを越えても動摩擦係数は上昇することなく
、摩擦面の潤滑膜を形成しているアルキルベンゼンの粘
度低下を反映して、むしろ低下しているのである、
測定後にCの摩擦材の摩擦面を調べてみだが、既に潤滑
膜は消滅しており、乾燥し、たコルクの状態になってい
た。更にCを切断すると内部のコルク粒子は粒子間に浸
透したアルキルベンセンによって十分濡れていた。(ア
ルキルヘンセンは摩擦材の約22重滑部を占め、測定前
後でほぼ同じ)これに対して本発明例であるり、 E
は測定後の摩擦面のアルキルベンゼンによって濡れてお
り、従って潤滑膜を形成し続けていだのである。このこ
とは摩擦面を初めに形成していたアルキルベンゼンが摩
擦熱によって消費しても本発明の如くコルク粒子間に介
在する有機繊維群に吸油されたアルキルベンセンが毛管
現象により摩擦面に容易に出てくることにより、潤滑膜
の機能を維持し続けるだめである。On the other hand, C corresponds to the friction material described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,777,864, in which cork is impregnated with oil or grease. By forming such a material, the rate of change in the coefficient of dynamic friction with respect to temperature is reduced compared to the case where cork is used as the material. However, in the characteristic curve of C, the coefficient of dynamic friction decreases as the temperature increases, reflecting the decrease in the viscosity of the alkylbenzene that forms the lubricating film, but when the temperature exceeds approximately 70"G, the coefficient of dynamic friction increases again. On the other hand, in the case of the present invention example and H, the characteristic curve is similar to that of C in a relatively low temperature range, but when the temperature exceeds approximately 70°C, the characteristic curve is clearly different from that of C. In other words, in the case of D and H, the coefficient of dynamic friction does not increase even if the friction plate temperature exceeds 70'G, reflecting the decrease in the viscosity of the alkylbenzene that forms the lubricating film on the friction surface. When I examined the friction surface of C's friction material after the measurement, I found that the lubricant film had already disappeared and it had become dry and cork-like. When cut, the internal cork particles were sufficiently wetted by the alkylbenzene that had penetrated between the particles.(Alkylbenzene occupies about 22 folds of friction material and is almost the same before and after measurement.) In contrast, in the example of the present invention, Aruri, E
was wetted by the alkylbenzene on the friction surface after measurement, and therefore continued to form a lubricating film. This means that even if the alkylbenzene that originally formed the friction surface is consumed by frictional heat, the alkylbenzene absorbed by the organic fibers interposed between the cork particles can easily come out to the friction surface due to capillary action, as in the present invention. This makes it impossible to maintain the function of the lubricating film.
このように本発明は、その目的とする摩擦材の潤滑膜の
機能を継続的に維持し、長期にわたって安定な摩擦特性
を提供する有効な一手段であることは明白である。As described above, it is clear that the present invention is an effective means for continuously maintaining the intended function of the lubricating film of a friction material and providing stable friction characteristics over a long period of time.
実施例の説明 却下、実施例によって説明する。Description of examples Rejected, explained by example.
摩擦材の母材としては6(比較例)1,5. ’(本
発明例)を使用した。但し、6..5.Mは前述しだC
,D、 Eと同じ構成のものであるが、使用した油剤
が4o″Cでの動粘度28 cstのアルキルベンゼン
(C,D、Eで使用したものと同じもの)を基油として
ポリイソブチレン、ステアリン酸リチウム、二硫化モリ
ブデンにて調整したグリースである。As the base material of the friction material, 6 (comparative example) 1, 5. ' (Example of the present invention) was used. However, 6. .. 5. M is as mentioned aboveC
, D, and E, but the oil used was alkylbenzene (same as that used in C, D, and E) with a kinematic viscosity of 28 cst at 4o''C as a base oil, and polyisobutylene and stearin. Grease prepared with lithium oxide and molybdenum disulfide.
上記摩擦材3種を第1図に示す電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ
付きモータに装着し、2QO万回クラッチ・ブレーキ動
作をした。その後、この電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ付きモ
ータをO’Cに冷却してクラッチ・ブレーキ動作を行な
い鳴き音の発生を調べだ。また、摩擦材を脱着して、そ
の摩擦面の状態を観察した。上記結果を下表に示す。The three types of friction materials mentioned above were attached to a motor with an electromagnetic clutch and brake shown in Fig. 1, and the clutch and brake were operated 2QO times. After that, cool the motor with the electromagnetic clutch/brake to O'C, operate the clutch/brake, and check for any squealing noise. Additionally, the friction material was removed and the condition of the friction surface was observed. The above results are shown in the table below.
(以下余白)
発明の効果
以−ヒのように本発明は特に摩擦面に形成した潤滑膜が
長期にわたって継時的にその機能を維持し続ける摩擦材
であるから電磁クラッチ・ブレーキ付きモータの摩擦材
として鳴き音が発生し難くく且つ長寿命の要望に応えら
れるものである1(Blank below) Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention is particularly advantageous in that the lubricating film formed on the friction surface is a friction material that maintains its function over a long period of time. As a material, it is difficult to generate noise and meets the requirements for long life1.
第1図は電磁クラッチ・プレーギモータの主要部の構成
を示す断面図、第2図は温度と動摩擦係数との関係を示
す特性1スである。
12・・・・・クラッチライニング、13−・・・・ブ
レーキライニング。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図
第2図
温情・CFIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main parts of the electromagnetic clutch and plagiar motor, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between temperature and dynamic friction coefficient. 12...Clutch lining, 13-...Brake lining. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Charmfulness/C
Claims (1)
構成の母材とその摩擦面に形成した潤滑膜からなる摩擦
材。 い)有機質繊維が粉末繊維素である特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の摩擦材。(1) A friction material consisting of a base material with organic fibers interposed between cork particles and a lubricating film formed on the friction surface of the base material. b) Claim 1 in which the organic fiber is powdered cellulose
Friction material described in section.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12877382A JPS5919732A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Friction member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP12877382A JPS5919732A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Friction member |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5919732A true JPS5919732A (en) | 1984-02-01 |
Family
ID=14993108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP12877382A Pending JPS5919732A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Friction member |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5919732A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62116664A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-28 | Akebono Brake Res & Dev Center Ltd | Non-asbestos friction material composition producible by dry process |
JP2002121426A (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-23 | Yayoi Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Adjuster for surface prearrangement |
WO2012032573A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2012-03-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Braking apparatus, brake lining, method for manufacturing brake lining, and elevator system |
-
1982
- 1982-07-22 JP JP12877382A patent/JPS5919732A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62116664A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-28 | Akebono Brake Res & Dev Center Ltd | Non-asbestos friction material composition producible by dry process |
JPH0569139B2 (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1993-09-30 | Akebono Brake Ind | |
JP2002121426A (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-23 | Yayoi Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Adjuster for surface prearrangement |
WO2012032573A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2012-03-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Braking apparatus, brake lining, method for manufacturing brake lining, and elevator system |
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