JPS59194577A - Image pickup device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve an apparent aperture by vibrating a parallel plane plate arranged in an optical path in an image pickup device using a solid-state image pickup element. CONSTITUTION:Incident light is image formed on the solid-state image pickup element 8 by an image formation optical system 6 through the parallel plane plate 7. At that time, the parallel plane plate 7 is driven by a driver 9 and vibrated around the horizontal direction on a surface vertical to an optical axis at every frame period. On the other hand, the solid-state image pickup element 8 is controlled at its reading and signal amplified by a signal processing circuit 10 and outputs a video signal. Thus, the apparent aperture rate is improved so that a point on an object varies an image formation point on the solid state-image pickup element.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an imaging device using a solid-state imaging device.

Generally, due to the structure of a solid-state image sensor, it is difficult to increase the ratio of the area of all light-receiving elements to the entire imaging surface (hereinafter referred to as aperture ratio). FIG. 1 shows an example of a COD image sensor. The incident light is photoelectrically converted by the light receiving element (1) indicated by diagonal lines in the upper figure.

Charges are sent to the transfer register (31) through the transfer gate (2) every frame.The charges in the transfer register (3) are sequentially sent to the readout register (4) and outputted sequentially through the output circuit (5). Because of this structure, the spacing between the light receiving elements in the horizontal direction can be reduced in Figure 1, but in the vertical direction, the spacing between the light receiving elements can be reduced because a transfer gate (2) and a transfer register (3) are required. Therefore, if the object is small, the image may be formed on the non-light-receiving surface, resulting in the disadvantage that the image cannot be captured.

In order to remove this defect, this invention places a light-transmitting material in the optical path with a refractive index different from that of the atmosphere, and by slightly vibrating it, the point at which a certain point on the subject forms an image on the solid-state image sensor is varied. The apparent aperture ratio is the same as above.

The drawings will be explained in detail below.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which incident light is imaged by an imaging optical system (6) via a parallel plane plate (7) onto a solid-state image sensor (8). In the gap, the parallel plane plate (7) is driven by the driver (9) and swings 1, ! with a horizontal axis on a plane perpendicular to the light screen at one frame period. ";, on the other hand, the solid-state image sensor (8) is connected to the signal processing circuit tl.
The sub-side of readout) and signal amplification are performed by Q), and a video signal is output. The vibration of the parallel plane plate (7) and the reading of the signal from the solid-state image sensor (8) are performed in synchronization by the synchronous control circuit fi11.

Figure 3 shows that when the parallel plane plate (7) changes by the angle θ, the point at which a certain point of the object forms an image on the solid-state #L image element (8) changes by the distance d. In Figure 3 (a
) is when the parallel plane plate (7) is on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis,
FIG. 3(b) shows the case where only the angle U has changed. The relationship between d and θ in Figure 3 shows that the thickness of the parallel plane plate (7) is t.
, and if the refractive index is n, then if the angle U is small, it can be approximated by the following formula dγtθ (1--) (11 Figure 4 shows how the imaging position of a certain point of the object changes on the solid-state image sensor The light receiving elements (1) are arranged at a pitch P in the vertical direction.

Now, in order to perform 2-to-1 interlacing, parallel plane plates are placed per field in a state perpendicular to the optical axis as shown in Figure 3(a), and with respect to the optical axis as shown in Figure 3(b). Assume that the state in which the object is tilted by an angle θ is alternately repeated. At this time, the inclination angle θ is set so that the relationship between the distance change d and the vertical pitch P of the light receiving element is expressed by the following equation.

d--iP (2+If the imaging positions of two points with the subject are the positions shown by points A and B in Figure 4 when the field is in the state shown in Figure 3(a), When the field is in the state shown in Figure 3(b), it moves to point A' and point B' according to the equation (21).Therefore, with the conventional device, it was not possible to image both point A and point B, but with the present invention, It is possible to image both points A and B. In other words, it is possible to image both points A and B. In other words, the parallel plane plate allows for a two-to-one
By performing interlacing, the number of light receiving elements is apparently doubled.

As described above, in the imaging device according to the present invention, the parallel plate placed in the optical path is vibrated.
Enables one-to-one interlacing.

In addition to doubling the apparent number of light-receiving elements.

It is possible to double the apparent aperture ratio of i2.

Although the above description has been made for the case of 2:1 interlacing using parallel flat curved plates, the present invention may be modified by using the light transmitting material 9 other than the F plane plate, such as a wedge-shaped or lens-shaped material.

Furthermore, not only 2:1 interlacing but also m:1 interlacing (where m is a commensurate number of 2 or more) is also possible. Furthermore, if interlacing is not used, make sure to vibrate the parallel plane plate at a period shorter than one frame period.
The apparent aperture ratio can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a solid-state image sensor, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is an image forming point when the parallel plane plate is tilted in the embodiment of Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the displacement of the imaging point on the solid-state image sensor, where (1) is the light receiving element, (2) is the transfer gate), (31 is the transfer gate), and (31 is the transfer gate). Register, star, (4) is a readout register, (5) is an output circuit, (6) is an imaging optical system, (
The sword is a parallel plane plate. (8) is a solid-state image sensor, (9) is a driver, αO is a signal processing circuit, and (IB is a synchronous control circuit. In FIG. 9, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. Agent Masuo Oiwa No. 36 No. 4 ■

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a virtual image device using a solid-state image sensor in which light-receiving elements are arranged two-dimensionally, a light-transmitting material with a refractive index different from that of the atmosphere is placed in the optical path, and by slightly vibrating the material, a certain point on the object is detected. An imaging device characterized in that the position at which an image is formed on a solid-state imaging device is varied.