JPS59194348A - Electrolyte-holding member for nonaqueous solution battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a nonaqueous solution battery having sufficient liquid-leakage resistance, a small increase in its resistance and a small self deterioration rate by mixing an anion-exchange resin with a solvent-resistant fiber different from said resin, then forming the mixture into a sheet which is used as the electrolyte-holding member. CONSTITUTION:Aminoethylcellulose fiber sufficiently immersed in electrolyte before being dried, is mixed with very-fine polyparaphenylenetelephthalamide fiber in a ratio by volume of 1:3. After the mixture is subjected to rolling before needle punching to make a nonwoven sheet, it is made as thin as possible by use of a very small amount of an epoxy adhesive. The thus obtained nonwoven fabric is used to form a paper-like electrolyte-holding member 4 having an anion-exchange ability. After metallic lithium is packed into a case formed by attaching a gasket 2 to a sealing plate 1, electrolyte and the holding member 4 are poured into the case. Next, an outer can 3 packed with a positive mixture is attached to the case to seal the battery, thereby constituting a nonaqueous solution battery. This battery, even when it is left at a relative humidity of 90% for 60 deg.C for 50 days, is not expanded, has sufficient liquid-leakage resistance and a very small increase in its resistance. Besides, the self deterioration of the battery can be minimized.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to improvements in electrolyte holding materials for non-aqueous batteries.

Although it is natural that water is the most disliked substance in non-aqueous batteries that use metallic lithium as the cathode material, it is still contained in the anode mixture and electrolyte, so it gradually leaks out into the electrolyte. carbonate ions, sulfate ions, halogen ions, etc.
Similarly, it is necessary to eliminate as much as possible the negative effects of carbonic acid and the like produced by the decomposition of the electrolyte (for example, an increase in resistance due to the formation of insoluble substances, etc.).

The present invention has a function that captures ions in the electrolyte that are harmful to the battery system or that come out in the electrolyte when left unused and discharged, and exchanges them with anions in the electrolyte, for example. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a separator or an electrolyte holding material having the same, and to manufacturing a non-aqueous battery using the same.

Hitherto, a means to eliminate the harmful effects caused by this type of thing has been to increase the surface area of the cathode. This also compensates for the low conductivity of the electrolyte, which is why it is useful to add a mechanism that can eliminate the harmful effects of the ionic species.

For the purpose of the present invention, epoxy polyamine-based anion exchange resins, aminoethyl cellulose, etc. were selected as secondary ion exchange resins based on the results of studies on solvent resistance, etc., and were treated as described below.

The method for producing a nonwoven fabric or paper will be specifically explained below using Examples.

Example 1 Aminoethyl cellulose (for example, Watman AE 50) fibers and polyparaphenylene terephthalamide microfibers (:#
1,000 to #1,500 denier) at a volume ratio of 1:3, and then passed through a roll and pressed with a needle to form a nonwoven fabric sheet. Make it as thin as possible by using very little epoxy glue.

This nonwoven fabric is incorporated into a non-aqueous battery as an electrolyte holding material and a separator. (Depending on the shape and size of the battery, remove it from the current year's woven fabric sheet and use it.)

Example 2 Polyparaphenylene terephthalamide ultrafine short fibers (
#1000 to #1500 denier and 5 to 2 Qmm long) with a very small amount of acrylic resin added as a so-called "slip", paper-printed on a wire mesh, and dried to form a separator. The thinner the thickness, the better it is from 50 to 300μ.

Example 3 An epoxy polyamine-based anion exchange resin (for example, Duoli te
For example, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide ultrafine fiber (from $10.00 -
#1500 denier) at a volume ratio of 1:3, passed through a roll and pressed with a needle to form a nonwoven fabric sheet. Use very little epoxy glue and make it as thin as possible.

Next, an example of manufacturing a small thin non-aqueous solution battery using the nonwoven fabric or paper-like electrolyte holding material having anion exchange performance of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

EXAMPLE OF BATTERY MANUFACTURING FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the battery assembly parts, and FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the completed battery (excluding contents). 1. Put a sealing board on the roof tile.
2 is a gasket, 6 is an outer can, and 4 is a paper-like electrolyte holding material having anion exchange performance according to the present invention.

First, the space of the container in which the sealing plate 1 and the gasket 2 are fitted is filled with metal lithium up to y half of the space, and the electrolyte is added on top of it with the nonwoven fabric (or paper) in 4, and the space in the container is filled with metal lithium. Fill until the remaining space is filled. on the other hand,
A tabletted anode mixture is charged into the outer can of No. 6, and this is fitted with the cathode part made of the upper sealing plate, cathode material, electrolyte, and non-woven fabric, and the lid is caulked and sealed. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the completed battery.

The battery manufactured in this way did not swell even after being stored at 60°C and 90% relative humidity for 50 days, had sufficient leakage resistance, had a very small increase in resistance, and did not change its order. It shows extremely good battery performance with a deterioration rate of 0.1% or less.

Note that, regardless of the electrolyte used, the same effect can be achieved by immersing it in the electrolyte solution currently in use.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of parts for small and thin non-aqueous battery assembly, Figure 2
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the completed battery (excluding contents). 1...Sealing plate-2...Gasket-3
... Outer can, 4... Electrolyte holding material according to the present invention. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] An electrolyte holding material for a non-aqueous battery, characterized in that it is formed into a sheet by mixing an anion exchange resin and a different solvent-resistant fiber.