JPS59192268A - Development device - Google Patents

Development device

Info

Publication number
JPS59192268A
JPS59192268A JP6749683A JP6749683A JPS59192268A JP S59192268 A JPS59192268 A JP S59192268A JP 6749683 A JP6749683 A JP 6749683A JP 6749683 A JP6749683 A JP 6749683A JP S59192268 A JPS59192268 A JP S59192268A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sleeve
toner
development
developing
photoreceptor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP6749683A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hidenobu Yamane
山根 秀信
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sharp Corp
Original Assignee
Sharp Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sharp Corp filed Critical Sharp Corp
Priority to JP6749683A priority Critical patent/JPS59192268A/en
Publication of JPS59192268A publication Critical patent/JPS59192268A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/09Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
    • G03G15/0914Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush with a one-component toner

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent fog and to enhance image quality by narrowing a development gap in using a one-component type developer, electrically insulating a sleeve from the main body of a device, and reducing the speed of a toner moving on the sleeve in a developing section as near to zero as possible. CONSTITUTION:A development gap (D), i.e. a space between a sleeve 1 and a photosensitive body 4 opposite to the sleeve 1 is narrowed as thin as possible, and thickness (A) of a toner layer on the sleeve 2 is controlled so as to maintain A D. The sleeve 1 and a hopper 7 are electrically insulated from the main body 5 of a device, and a doctor member 6 is electrically conductive and grounded, and a set angle theta is designed to >=90 deg.. As a result, fog due to successive copying is prevented, and in order to elevate its effect, the speed of the toner moving on the sleeve 1 in a developing section is made as near to zero as possible by properly setting the rotation speed vs of the sleeve 1 and the rotation speed vm of a magnet roller 2. Consequently, fog is prevented and image quality is enhanced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 く技術分野〉 本発明は電子写真複写機において、感光体上に形成され
た静電潜像を可視像化する現像にかかり、特に磁性を有
する一成分系のトナーから成る現像剤を用いて現像を行
なう現像装置に関する。
Detailed Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to the development of an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor into a visible image in an electrophotographic copying machine. The present invention relates to a developing device that performs development using a developer made of.

〈従来技術〉 電子写真複写機の現像装置は、着色顔料のトナーと鉄粉
等の磁性体であるキャリアとからなる二成分系の現像剤
を用い、トナーとキャリアの摩擦帯電によりトナーを感
光体上の静電荷潜像と逆極性に帯電させて、該トナーを
静電荷潜像に付着させる方式のものと、トナー自体に磁
気特性を持たせた一成分系の現像剤を用い、静電荷潜像
の電界により誘電分極等を作用させてトナーを静電荷潜
像に静電吸着させる方式のものとがある。上記二成分系
又は−成分系の現像剤を、静電荷潜像が形成された感光
体の現像領域まで搬送し、トナーを付着させて現像する
手段としては、磁気ブラシ現像方式が広く利用されてい
る。この現像方式はカスケード現像方式に比べ、構造が
簡単であって小型になる等の利点を有している。磁気プ
ラン現像方式は、非磁性体からなる円筒状のスリーブと
、該スリーブの内部に回転自在に設けられたマグネット
ローラとからなる現像ローラを用いるものが一般的であ
って、両者の相対的な回転により、キャリア又は磁性ト
ナーを磁力によりスリーブ上に吸着せしめ、現像剤を現
像領域へ搬送している。
<Prior art> The developing device of an electrophotographic copying machine uses a two-component developer consisting of a colored pigment toner and a magnetic carrier such as iron powder. The electrostatic latent image is charged to the opposite polarity to the electrostatic latent image, and the toner is attached to the electrostatic latent image.The other is a one-component developer in which the toner itself has magnetic properties. There is a method in which toner is electrostatically attracted to an electrostatic latent image by applying dielectric polarization or the like using the electric field of the image. A magnetic brush development method is widely used as a means for conveying the above-mentioned two-component or -component developer to the development area of the photoreceptor on which the electrostatic latent image is formed, and developing it by adhering the toner. There is. This development method has advantages over the cascade development method, such as a simpler structure and smaller size. The magnetic plan development method generally uses a developing roller consisting of a cylindrical sleeve made of a non-magnetic material and a magnet roller rotatably installed inside the sleeve. The rotation causes the carrier or magnetic toner to be attracted onto the sleeve by magnetic force, and the developer is conveyed to the development area.

上述の如き構造の現像装置は、二成分系の現像剤を用い
るものにおいて、トナーを摩擦帯電させるだめに現像剤
を攪拌する手段を現像ローラとは別に必要としている。
The developing device having the above-mentioned structure uses a two-component developer, and requires means separate from the developing roller to stir the developer in order to triboelectrically charge the toner.

しかし、−成分系による現像剤を用いるものは、トナー
を摩擦帯電させるだめの攪拌手段を設ける必要がなく二
成分系の現像装置と比べより小型化できる。
However, those using a -component type developer do not need to provide stirring means for frictionally charging the toner, and can be more compact than two-component type developing devices.

す)を用いた種々の現像方法が公知であり、この現像方
法を実現化した現像装置は、導電性磁性トナーを使用す
るものと絶縁性磁性トナーを使用するものとが公知であ
る。しかし、導電性磁性トナーは、コロナ放電等による
静電転写を行なった場合、転写効率が低いといった欠点
があり、絶縁性磁性トナーを用いることが多い。上記の
現像装置としては、例えば■特開昭50−45639号
公報、■特開昭53−31136号公報、■特公昭55
−34421号公報等に詳細に記載されている。
Various developing methods are known, and developing devices that implement this developing method include those that use conductive magnetic toner and those that use insulating magnetic toner. However, conductive magnetic toner has the disadvantage of low transfer efficiency when electrostatic transfer is performed using corona discharge or the like, and therefore insulating magnetic toner is often used. Examples of the above-mentioned developing device include ■JP-A-50-45639, ■JP-A-53-31136, and ■JP-A-Sho 55.
It is described in detail in JP-A-34421 and the like.

上記■の方式は、強磁性体且つ絶縁性!・ナーのみを主
成分とする現像剤を用いて、現像の際にトナー支持部材
表面との摩擦帯電効果によってトナーに所望の電荷を与
えて現像を行なっている。
The above method ■ is ferromagnetic and insulating! - Using a developer whose main component is toner only, during development, a desired charge is applied to the toner by the frictional charging effect with the surface of the toner support member.

また、第■の方式は、絶縁性磁性トナーを用いて該トナ
ーを高速移動””/Sec以上)させると同時に急速且
つ乱流的な物理的混合作用を与えることにより、該トナ
ーに現像されるに十分な静電潜像と逆極性の電荷を得て
更に感光体とスリーブの間にバイアス電圧を印加し現像
を行なっている。
In the second method, an insulating magnetic toner is used to move the toner at a high speed (more than 10 seconds), and at the same time, a rapid and turbulent physical mixing action is applied to the toner, so that the toner is developed. After obtaining sufficient charges of opposite polarity to the electrostatic latent image, a bias voltage is applied between the photoreceptor and the sleeve to perform development.

更に第■の方式は、樹脂及び磁性粒子を主成分とする電
気抵抗10101O−IOI6Qのトナー粒子を用いて
トナ一層を形成し、その表面層にドクターブレードを接
触させ、ついでこのドクターブレードに静電潜像とは逆
極性の電圧を印加し上記l・ナー粒子を帯電させながら
現像を行なっている。
Furthermore, in the second method, a single layer of toner is formed using toner particles with an electrical resistance of 10101O-IOI6Q, which are mainly composed of resin and magnetic particles, a doctor blade is brought into contact with the surface layer, and then an electrostatic charge is applied to the doctor blade. Development is performed while applying a voltage with a polarity opposite to that of the latent image to charge the l.ner particles.

以上の現像方法によれば、感光体に対してスリーブは、
接地されているか、又は、バイアス電圧によって電気的
に接続されているので、静電潜像からスリーブに対する
電界が確立されている。したがって、電界の強さの強弱
に関係はあるが、非画像部もトナーが吸引され易くなる
。更に■及びら、非画像部へのトナーの吸引は顕著にな
る。これにより所謂バカブリ″が発生するという欠点が
ある。しかも■の方式では、IQ16.0mを越えると
電圧を印加しても電荷は供給されないという欠点もある
According to the above developing method, the sleeve is
Grounded or electrically connected by a bias voltage, an electric field is established from the electrostatic latent image to the sleeve. Therefore, although it is related to the strength of the electric field, toner is easily attracted to non-image areas as well. Furthermore, in (2) and (2), toner attraction to the non-image area becomes noticeable. This has the disadvantage that so-called "battery" occurs.Moreover, the method (2) also has the disadvantage that if the IQ exceeds 16.0 m, no charge is supplied even if a voltage is applied.

そこで、本出願人は、上述の欠点に鑑み、絶縁性トナー
の実用的な現像方式を特願昭58−12183「現像装
置」として提案した。この方式は、磁性体を樹脂中に含
んだ一成分系の現像剤を用い、現像装置内で現像剤搬送
路中に現像剤と接触する導電性部分を装置本体より電気
的に絶縁して現像を行うものである。この場合、初期に
はバカブリ″の問題が生じない。しかし、数1000枚
連続コピーを行うことにより゛カブリ″が増加する現象
が生じる。
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present applicant proposed a practical developing system for insulating toner in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-12183 entitled "Developing Device." This method uses a one-component developer containing a magnetic material in a resin, and conducts the development by electrically insulating the conductive parts that come into contact with the developer in the developer transport path from the main body of the device. This is what we do. In this case, the problem of "fogging" does not occur in the initial stage. However, when several thousand sheets are continuously copied, the phenomenon of "fogging" increases.

〈発明の目的〉 本発明は画像部にだけでなく非画像部にもトナーが付着
する゛カブリ″現象を防止することを目的としており、
且つ階調性が良く安定で良好な現像を行うことのできる
現像装置を提供するものである。
<Object of the Invention> The object of the present invention is to prevent the "fogging" phenomenon in which toner adheres not only to image areas but also to non-image areas.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a developing device that can perform stable and good development with good gradation.

実施例 以下、図面に従って本発明の詳細な説明するが、第1図
は本発明における現像装置の一具体例を示す断面図であ
る。図中1は非磁性体から成る円筒形スリーブ、2はス
リーブ内に回転自在に設けられ外周の磁極が順次具なっ
て帯磁されたマグネットローラであって、これらにより
現像ローラを構成している。まだ符号3はスリーブ1上
にマグネットローラ2の磁力により保持された一成分磁
性トナー、4は矢印方向に回転されスリーブ1とトナー
3の層を介して位置し静電潜像が形成されるドラム状に
形成された感光体。上記トナー3は、補給用のホッパー
5内に収容されており、ホンパー5の下部の開ロアに設
けられた角Rの傾斜面を有した傾斜板8を流動し、マグ
ネットローラ2の磁力によりスリーブl上に順次供給さ
れる。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a specific example of a developing device according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a cylindrical sleeve made of a non-magnetic material, and reference numeral 2 indicates a magnet roller which is rotatably provided within the sleeve and is sequentially magnetized with magnetic poles on the outer periphery, and these constitute a developing roller. Reference numeral 3 denotes a one-component magnetic toner held on the sleeve 1 by the magnetic force of the magnet roller 2, and 4 a drum which is rotated in the direction of the arrow and positioned through the layers of the sleeve 1 and toner 3, on which an electrostatic latent image is formed. A photoreceptor shaped like a photoreceptor. The toner 3 is stored in a replenishment hopper 5 and flows through an inclined plate 8 having an inclined surface of an angle R provided at the lower open lower part of the hopper 5, and is caused to flow into the sleeve by the magnetic force of the magnet roller 2. 1.

一方、感光体ドラム4と対向する現像領域とホッパー5
との間には、スリーブ1上に供給されたトナー3の穂立
ち量(保持量)を規制するだめの、スリーブ1より間隔
Bを隔てて導電性のドクタ一部材6が配置されており、
感光体ドラム4の中心とスリーブ中心を結ぶ線を基準に
、スリーブlの円周上角θの位置にドクター8の先端が
位置付けられている。ドクタ一部材6は、トナー3が感
光体ドラム4の面と接する現像領域へ常に一定量のトナ
ーを搬送するために、スリーブl上に磁気吸着されてい
るトナー3の量を制御する。したがって、トナー3はス
リーブl上に常に一定量が保持されており、このトナ一
層厚Aは、マグネットローラ2が回転している間は、一
定である○ここで、スリーブ1と対向する感光体4との
間隔である現像キャップDを、スリーブ1上のトナ一層
厚AとA;Dの関係に設けると、トナー3が感光体4と
対向する現像領域が非常に短かくなる。
On the other hand, a developing area facing the photosensitive drum 4 and a hopper 5
A conductive doctor member 6 is arranged between the sleeve 1 and the sleeve 1 at a distance B for regulating the amount of spikes (holding amount) of the toner 3 supplied onto the sleeve 1.
The tip of the doctor 8 is positioned at an angle θ above the circumference of the sleeve 1 with reference to a line connecting the center of the photosensitive drum 4 and the center of the sleeve. The doctor member 6 controls the amount of toner 3 magnetically attracted onto the sleeve 1 in order to always convey a constant amount of toner to the development area where the toner 3 contacts the surface of the photoreceptor drum 4 . Therefore, a constant amount of toner 3 is always held on the sleeve l, and the toner layer thickness A is constant while the magnet roller 2 is rotating. If the developing cap D is provided at a distance of 4 and the thickness A of the toner on the sleeve 1 is in a relationship of A;D, the developing area where the toner 3 faces the photoreceptor 4 becomes very short.

そのため、現像時間が充分に採れないととから、現像さ
れにくくなる。そこで本発明は、現像ギ〜ンブDをでき
るたけ狭くし、且つスリーブ上のトナ一層厚AとA′;
Dを維持する。上記現像ギャップDは、OI〜05聾が
好ましく、より好ましくば04咽以下に設定するとよい
。ただし、05膿を越えれば後述する問題が発生する。
Therefore, if sufficient development time is not available, it becomes difficult to develop. Therefore, in the present invention, the developing chamber D is made as narrow as possible, and the toner thicknesses A and A' on the sleeve are made as narrow as possible.
Maintain D. The development gap D is preferably set to OI to 05 deaf, more preferably 04 deaf or less. However, if it exceeds 05 pus, problems described below will occur.

上述の構成において、スリーブ1、ホンパー5等のトナ
ー搬送経路中に接触するドクタ一部材を除く導電株一部
分の全てが、接地されていない。つまり、上記スリーブ
1、ホッパー5等は、装置本体より電気的に絶縁されて
いる。ただし、感光体4は静電潜像が形成されるため導
電層部分が装置本体に接地されている。また、ドクタ一
部材6の位置を設定する角θは、ドクタ一部材6を現像
領域より遠ざけるために、60°以上あればよく、好ま
しくは90°以上が」:い0これは、ドクタ一部材6に
より規制されたトナー3の穂立ちを現像領域に至る捷で
により均一にするためである。従って感光体4上の静電
潜像から、スリーブ1に対する電界は、確立されない。
In the above-described configuration, all of the conductive parts except for the sleeve 1, the flopper 5, etc., which come into contact with the doctor part during the toner transport path, are not grounded. That is, the sleeve 1, hopper 5, etc. are electrically insulated from the main body of the apparatus. However, since an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photoreceptor 4, the conductive layer portion is grounded to the main body of the apparatus. Further, the angle θ for setting the position of the doctor member 6 may be 60° or more, preferably 90° or more, in order to keep the doctor member 6 away from the development area. This is to make the spikes of the toner 3 regulated by 6 more uniform as it is combed to the developing area. Therefore, from the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4, no electric field is established for the sleeve 1.

この場合本来静電潜像の画像部は、公知のカスケード現
像法の如くエツジ効果の為、黒ベタ部の中央部が白抜は
若しくは画像濃度低下が発生する。
In this case, in the image area of the electrostatic latent image, due to the edge effect as in the known cascade development method, the central part of the solid black area becomes white or the image density decreases.

しかし本発明によれば現像ギャップDが、O1〜0.5
mmと極端に狭く且つトナ一層厚Aが同様に薄い為、感
光体4の静電潜像より発した電気力線は、トナー3の上
層部つまり、感光体4と接触している近傍のトナー粒子
に対して到達する。そこで、現像領域中の感光体4とト
ナー3が接触する局部的な所で、スリーブ1に対する電
界が発生しない状態であるが、画像部では感光体4近傍
のトナー粒子に現像に寄与する局部的な電界が作用し、
且つ画像部より発した電気力線は、画像部近傍のトナー
粒子と非画像部との界面とに分散される。しだがって、
非画像部では局部的な電界は作用せず、非画像部にカプ
リがなく、黒ベタもエツジ効果のない均一なコントラス
トのとれた良好なトナー像が得られた。数1000枚連
続コピーを行なったが″カブリ″の増加はなくまた、ス
リーブ1、ホンパー5にトナー3の静電的付着、トナー
3の凝集もなく搬送性も良好であった。
However, according to the present invention, the development gap D is O1 to 0.5
mm, and because the toner layer thickness A is similarly thin, the lines of electric force emitted from the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4 are transmitted to the upper layer of the toner 3, that is, the toner in the vicinity of the photoreceptor 4 that is in contact with it. Reach for particles. Therefore, an electric field is not generated for the sleeve 1 at local locations where the photoreceptor 4 and toner 3 contact each other in the developing area, but in the image area, local toner particles near the photoreceptor 4 that contribute to development are not generated. An electric field acts,
In addition, the electric lines of force emitted from the image area are dispersed at the interface between the toner particles near the image area and the non-image area. Therefore,
No local electric field was applied to the non-image area, and a good toner image with uniform contrast and no capri in the non-image area, no solid black, and no edge effect was obtained. Several thousand sheets were continuously copied, but there was no increase in "fogging", and there was no electrostatic adhesion or aggregation of toner 3 to sleeve 1 and flopper 5, and the conveyance was good.

以上の本発明における効果を一層高める為には、トナー
3のスリーブ1上の搬送速度及びトナ一層厚A1現像ギ
ャップについて次の様にした方が良い。まず、トナーの
搬送であるが、第1図に示す様にスリーブ1の回転方向
を矢印a方向へ、マグネットローラ2の回転方向をスリ
ーブlと同方向へ矢印す方向に回転させてトナー3を現
像領域へ導ひく。この場合、現像領域においてスリーブ
1上のトナーの移動速度が可及的にゼロになるようにス
リーブIの回転数を(VS)、マグネットローラ2の回
転数を(vm)を適宜に設定する。
In order to further enhance the effects of the present invention, the conveying speed of the toner 3 on the sleeve 1 and the toner layer thickness A1 development gap should be as follows. First, toner is conveyed by rotating the sleeve 1 in the direction of the arrow a and the magnetic roller 2 in the same direction as the sleeve l, as shown in FIG. 1, to transport the toner 3. Lead to the development area. In this case, the number of rotations of the sleeve I (VS) and the number of rotations of the magnet roller 2 (vm) are appropriately set so that the moving speed of the toner on the sleeve 1 in the development area becomes zero as much as possible.

次にトナ一層厚Aについて説明する。今、トナ一層厚A
が厚くなれば、トナー3がスリーブIに接触している下
層部は、スリーブ1の回転により矢印a方向へ移動し、
スリーブ1に非接触の表面部は、マグネットローラ2の
回転により矢印す方向とは反対方向に移動し、スリーブ
1上のトナー3は、夫々下と上層部で分離して移動すZ
。この様に、2層形成したトナ一層は、l・ナー搬送方
向がそれぞれ逆のだめ、トナー粒子は、かなりの圧力を
受は凝集し易く々す、トナー3の搬送に支障をきだす。
Next, the toner layer thickness A will be explained. Now, Tona thicker A
As the toner 3 becomes thicker, the lower layer of the toner 3 in contact with the sleeve I moves in the direction of arrow a due to the rotation of the sleeve 1,
The surface portion not in contact with the sleeve 1 moves in the opposite direction to the direction indicated by the arrow due to the rotation of the magnet roller 2, and the toner 3 on the sleeve 1 moves separately in the lower and upper layers.
. In this way, since the toner layer formed in two layers has opposite l/toner transport directions, the toner particles tend to aggregate under considerable pressure, which hinders the transport of the toner 3.

また、現像領域でスリーブI上のトナー3の移動速度が
可及的にゼロにすることが困難であることから、トナ一
層厚Aは薄くし、l・ナー3の層が2層形成しに〈<シ
なければ々らない。
In addition, since it is difficult to reduce the moving speed of the toner 3 on the sleeve I in the development area to zero as much as possible, the toner layer thickness A is made thinner, and two layers of l/toner 3 are formed. 〈〈〈〈〈〈〈〉

一方スリーブ1の回転数(VS )とマグネットローラ
20回転数(vn、)についてであるが、例えば特開昭
55−126266号公報や日本応用磁気学会誌Vo1
.4の「電子複写機における磁石応用4にトナー移動速
度を算出する一般式が提示されている。
On the other hand, regarding the number of rotations of the sleeve 1 (VS) and the number of rotations of the magnet roller 20 (vn,
.. 4, ``Magnet Application in Electronic Copying Machines 4'' presents a general formula for calculating the toner movement speed.

しかしトナーの特性、例えば磁気特性(残留磁束密度、
保持力)粒子径分布、粒子の形状や表面状態(摩擦係数
)、電気的特性(電気抵抗、摩擦帯電特性)等やスリー
ブIの表面粗度等により、一般式より算出しだ数値と実
測とは必ずしも一致しなかった。したがって、本発明者
らは、一般式も参考にし、実測によりスリーブI J、
のトナーの移動速度をセロにするためにスリーブ1の回
転数(VS)とマグネットローラ2の回転数(vm )
を求めた。
However, toner properties such as magnetic properties (residual magnetic flux density,
Retention force) The value calculated from the general formula and the actual measurement are determined based on the particle size distribution, particle shape and surface condition (friction coefficient), electrical properties (electrical resistance, triboelectric properties), surface roughness of sleeve I, etc. did not necessarily match. Therefore, the present inventors also referred to the general formula and conducted actual measurements to determine whether the sleeve IJ,
The number of rotations of sleeve 1 (VS) and the number of rotations of magnet roller 2 (vm) are set to zero the toner moving speed.
I asked for

以上のように、現像ギャップD(スリーブlと感光体の
間隔)を狭くし、且つ現像領域においてスリーブ1上の
トナー3の移動速度を可及的にゼロにすることにより、
トナー3が感光体4と対接する時間、つまり現像時間は
長くなり、トナー粒子に対して働く電界作用も大きくな
り、トナー3は感光体4側に吸着されトナー像を形成す
る。この場合トナー3は、トナー粒子相互及スリーブ1
との摩擦により電荷を得るが、特開昭53−31136
号公報の如く、急速且つ乱流的な動きでない為、現像に
寄与するほどでないことが実証できた。
As described above, by narrowing the development gap D (the distance between the sleeve 1 and the photoreceptor) and reducing the moving speed of the toner 3 on the sleeve 1 to zero as much as possible in the development area,
The time during which the toner 3 is in contact with the photoreceptor 4, that is, the development time, becomes longer, and the electric field acting on the toner particles becomes stronger, so that the toner 3 is attracted to the photoreceptor 4 side and forms a toner image. In this case, the toner 3 is mixed with the toner particles of the sleeve 1.
Electric charge is obtained by friction with the
It was verified that since the movement was not rapid and turbulent as in the publication, it did not contribute to development.

第2図は、以上の本発明における効果を一層高めた現像
装置の一具体例を示す断面図であり、第1図と同様のも
のは同一符号で示す。図中9は直流電源であり、これに
より、ドクタ一部材6にバイアス電圧を印加する。この
場合特公昭55−34421号公報には]O16Ωαを
越えると、電圧を印加しても電荷は供給され々いと記載
されている。
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a specific example of a developing device that further enhances the effects of the present invention, and parts similar to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In the figure, numeral 9 is a DC power supply, which applies a bias voltage to the doctor member 6. In this case, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-34421 states that if O16 Ωα is exceeded, no charge is supplied even if a voltage is applied.

ここで本発明に用いるトナー3は、絶縁性を示しており
前述の如く摩擦帯電により特定極性の若干の電荷を得て
いるので、バイアス電圧に(僅かではあるが)反応する
。そこで゛′カブリ″を効率的に除去するため感光体4
の静電潜像と同極性のバイアス電圧をドクタ一部材6に
印加する。まだ階調性を良くする為、感光体4の静電潜
像と逆極性のバイアス電圧をドクタ一部材6に印加する
Here, the toner 3 used in the present invention exhibits insulating properties and, as described above, has obtained some electric charge of a specific polarity through triboelectrification, so it reacts (albeit slightly) to the bias voltage. Therefore, in order to efficiently remove "fog", the photoreceptor 4
A bias voltage having the same polarity as the electrostatic latent image is applied to the doctor member 6. In order to improve the gradation, a bias voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4 is applied to the doctor member 6.

以上のことにより、″カブリ″″の効率的除去及び階調
性の向上が効果的に行なうことが出来る。また上記のバ
イアス電圧は固定しても良いが、複写原稿に応じて可変
させても良い。例えば色地原稿の場合ば゛カプリ″′の
除去効果を上げる為、感光体4の静電潜像と同極性のバ
イアス電圧を白地原稿の時より適宜高くし、また写真や
鉛筆原稿等は階調性の向上の為、感光体4の静電潜像と
逆極性のバイアス電圧を適宜調整する。
As a result of the above, it is possible to effectively remove "fog" and improve gradation.Also, the bias voltage mentioned above may be fixed, but it may also be varied depending on the original to be copied. For example, in the case of colored originals, in order to increase the effect of removing capri, the bias voltage with the same polarity as the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4 is set higher than that for white originals. In order to improve gradation, a bias voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4 is adjusted as appropriate.

以上のことにより原稿の種類に関係なくバカブリ″が殆
どなく階調性の良い安定した現像が出来るO ここで、トナー3の電気抵抗であるが第2図は現像ロー
ラに電極板接触させて電気抵抗を測定したときの断面図
である。符号は第1図と略同様であり、符号11は電極
板、lOは直流電源を含むハイレジスタンスメーター(
横筒ヒューレノトハソカード製4329A )、電極板
IIとスリーブ1のギャップGはトナ一層厚と等しくし
た。スリーブlとマグネットローラ2は同方向に回転し
それぞれの回転数(vs)(vrn)は、第1図と同様
に電極板9とトナー3の層が接触する領域でスリーブ1
上トナー3の移動速度が可及的にゼロになるように設定
する。その状態で電極板11とスリーブ1の間に直流電
圧を印加し、抵抗値を読み取るようにしだものである。
As a result of the above, stable development with good gradation can be achieved with almost no scattering, regardless of the type of document. 1 is a cross-sectional view when resistance is measured. The symbols are almost the same as those in FIG.
The gap G between the electrode plate II and the sleeve 1 was made equal to the thickness of the toner layer. The sleeve 1 and the magnet roller 2 rotate in the same direction, and their respective rotational speeds (vs) (vrn) are the same as those of the sleeve 1 in the area where the electrode plate 9 and the toner layer 3 contact, as in FIG.
The moving speed of the upper toner 3 is set to zero as much as possible. In this state, a DC voltage is applied between the electrode plate 11 and the sleeve 1, and the resistance value is read.

次に本発明の1つの実施例を記載する。Next, one embodiment of the invention will be described.

スリーブ1の材質をSUS 304外径φ31脳にし、
ホンパー5、ブレード部材6の材質をA1としてスリー
ブ1とホッパー5を装置本体接地しないで電気的に浮か
しだ状態で使用する。現像ギャップD0.4ynmを隔
てて、現像ローラを感光体4と対向して配置し、スリー
ブ1上のトナ一層厚AがA=Dになるようにドクタ一部
材6とスリーブ1の間隔Bを0.2mmに保った。上記
スリーブ1内のマグネットローラ2ば、600ガウス1
2極のものを用いスリーブ回転数v5=30rprr+
、  マグネノl−ローラ回転数vm=70Orpm 
で同方向に回転させることで、現像領域ではスリーブ1
上のトナーの移動速度は、可及的にゼロになった。この
とき現像に使用された後のトナーの供給であるが、スリ
ーブ1、マグネットローラ2共に回転しており、現像領
域で平衡が保たれている形なので、そのノくランスが崩
れだ場合はすぐに元に戻ろうとする力(スリーブ、マグ
ネットローラの回転)によりトナーは、ホッパーから供
給される。
The material of the sleeve 1 is SUS 304 with an outer diameter of φ31.
The material of the hopper 5 and the blade member 6 is A1, and the sleeve 1 and hopper 5 are used in an electrically floating state without being grounded to the main body of the device. A developing roller is placed facing the photoreceptor 4 with a developing gap D of 0.4 ynm in between, and the distance B between the doctor member 6 and the sleeve 1 is set to 0 so that the thickness A of the toner layer on the sleeve 1 becomes A=D. It was kept at .2 mm. Magnet roller 2 in the sleeve 1, 600 Gauss 1
Using a two-pole type, sleeve rotation speed v5 = 30rprr+
, Magneno l-Roller rotation speed vm = 70Orpm
By rotating them in the same direction, sleeve 1 is rotated in the developing area.
The moving speed of the top toner was reduced to zero as much as possible. At this time, the toner is supplied after it has been used for development, but since both the sleeve 1 and the magnet roller 2 are rotating, and a balance is maintained in the development area, if the toner is disrupted, it is immediately necessary. The toner is supplied from the hopper by the force (rotation of the sleeve and magnetic roller) that tries to return to its original state.

一方、感光体4は有機光導電体を用いて構成し、静電潜
像の電位を約−500[V]にし1、l・ナー3はポリ
スチレン系樹脂に磁性粉としてマグネタイトを35乃至
40重量係含有し、第3図に示す装置を用い直流電圧1
00〜1000V−iで変化させ印加し、電極板9とス
リーブのギャップGは、トナ一層厚と等しく0.4mm
にしてスリーブ回転数v3=30 r pm Sマグネ
ットローラ回転数Vm=700rp111にて測定した
ところ印加電圧の変化に対応せず電気抵抗は一定である
。また、スリーブ回転数(VS )とマグネットローラ
回転数(Vm )を電極板11と接触する領域で、スリ
ーブ1上のトナーの移動速度が可及的ゼロになる状態を
保ちながら(VS)、(v m )の回転数を3倍程度
上げても電気抵抗に変化はなく絶縁性を示しだ。
On the other hand, the photoreceptor 4 is constructed using an organic photoconductor, and the potential of the electrostatic latent image is set to about -500 [V]. DC voltage 1 using the device shown in Figure 3.
00 to 1000 V-i was applied, and the gap G between the electrode plate 9 and the sleeve was 0.4 mm, which was equal to the thickness of the toner layer.
When measured at sleeve rotation speed v3=30 rpm and S magnet roller rotation speed Vm=700 rpm111, the electrical resistance was constant without corresponding to changes in applied voltage. In addition, while maintaining the state in which the moving speed of the toner on the sleeve 1 becomes zero as much as possible in the area where the sleeve rotation speed (VS ) and the magnet roller rotation speed (Vm ) contact the electrode plate 11 (VS), Even if the rotational speed of V m ) was increased by about three times, there was no change in electrical resistance, indicating insulating properties.

したがってトナーの電気抵抗は電界に依存せず且つ搬送
速度にも依存しないことが判明した。また別の方法とし
てトナーを錠剤成形して電気抵抗を測定したところI 
015 〔(’)tm〕以上あることが判明した。
Therefore, it has been found that the electrical resistance of toner does not depend on the electric field and does not depend on the conveyance speed. Another method was to form toner into tablets and measure the electrical resistance.
It turns out that there are more than 015 [(')tm].

以上のようなトナーを用いて現像を行ない、ドクタ一部
材6を接地したところ、連続コピーによる゛カブリ″の
増加はなくなった。また、ドクタ一部材6に感光体4の
静電潜像と同極性、即ちトナーの帯電電荷と逆極性のバ
イアス電圧を印加することにより、“カブリ″は殆ど発
生しなかった。
When the above-mentioned toner was used for development and the doctor member 6 was grounded, the increase in "fogging" caused by continuous copying disappeared. Also, the same electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 4 was formed on the doctor member 6. By applying a bias voltage having a polarity, that is, a polarity opposite to that of the toner, almost no "fogging" occurred.

更に、写真を原稿とした場合、感光体4の静電潜像と逆
極性即ちトナー帯電電荷と同極性のバイアス電圧+50
[V] 印加したところ、″カブリ″の発生も殆どなく
階調性の再現が良くなった。この様にして感光体4上の
潜像を現像することでトナー像を形成し、この像をコロ
ナ転写により普通紙上に転写することで鮮明な画像が得
られた。
Furthermore, when a photograph is used as an original, a bias voltage of opposite polarity to the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 4, that is, the same polarity as the toner charge, is applied +50
When [V] was applied, there was almost no occurrence of "fogging" and gradation reproduction was improved. A toner image was formed by developing the latent image on the photoreceptor 4 in this manner, and a clear image was obtained by transferring this image onto plain paper by corona transfer.

〈発明の効果〉 本発明の現像装置によれば現像ギャップを狭め、上記ス
リーブを装置本体より電気的に絶縁し、且つドクタ一部
材を導電性にすると共に接地することで、連続コピーに
よるカブリの増加を防止できる。また、ドクタ一部材に
静電潜像と逆極性のノくイアスミ圧を印加すれば、階調
性の良い画像を得ることかできる。ここで、現像領域に
おいてスリーブ上のトナーの移動速度を可及的にゼロに
することで、トナー溜まりを形成せずより安定した良好
な現像を望める。
<Effects of the Invention> According to the developing device of the present invention, by narrowing the developing gap, electrically insulating the sleeve from the main body of the device, and making the doctor member conductive and grounded, fog caused by continuous copying can be prevented. The increase can be prevented. Furthermore, by applying an insulating pressure having a polarity opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image to the doctor member, an image with good gradation can be obtained. Here, by reducing the moving speed of the toner on the sleeve in the development area to zero as much as possible, more stable and good development can be expected without forming toner pools.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の現像装置の一具体例を示す断面図、第
2図は本発明の他の具体例を示す断面図、第3図は本発
明に使用したトナーの電気抵抗を測定した具体例を示す
断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one specific example of the developing device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another specific example of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a measurement of the electrical resistance of the toner used in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1)磁性体を樹脂中に含んだ一成分系の現像剤を、非磁
性体から成るスリーブの内部に回転自在のマグネットロ
ーラを設けた現像ローラに磁気的に吸引して、静電潜像
が形成された感光体と対向する現像領域捷で搬送するこ
とにより現像を行なう現像装置において、」=記感光体
とスl)−ブとの現像ギャップを狭めるためにスリーブ
を感光体に近接させて配置すると共に、上記スリーブを
装置本体より電気的に絶縁し、上記スリーブに付着する
現像剤の量を規制する導電性部材からなる且つドクタ一
部材を接地することを特徴とする現像装置。 2)」二記ドクタ一部材が現像領域より比較的遠くに配
置することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の現
像装置。 3)上記スリーブとマグネットローラとを同方向に回転
させ現像領域において現像剤のスリーブ上の搬送速度が
可及的にゼロになるようにスリーブ及びマグネットロー
ラの回転速度を適宜設定したことを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第1項又は第2項の現像装置。
[Claims] 1) A one-component developer containing a magnetic material in a resin is magnetically attracted to a developing roller having a rotatable magnetic roller provided inside a sleeve made of a non-magnetic material. In a developing device that performs development by transporting a photoreceptor on which an electrostatic latent image is formed through a development zone facing the developing area, a sleeve is used to narrow the development gap between the photoreceptor and the sleeve. It is characterized by being made of a conductive member disposed close to the photoreceptor, electrically insulating the sleeve from the main body of the apparatus, regulating the amount of developer adhering to the sleeve, and grounding the doctor member. developing device. 2) The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the second doctor member is disposed relatively far from the developing area. 3) The sleeve and the magnet roller are rotated in the same direction, and the rotational speeds of the sleeve and the magnet roller are appropriately set so that the conveyance speed of the developer on the sleeve in the development area is as low as possible. A developing device according to claim 1 or 2.
JP6749683A 1983-04-15 1983-04-15 Development device Pending JPS59192268A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6749683A JPS59192268A (en) 1983-04-15 1983-04-15 Development device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6749683A JPS59192268A (en) 1983-04-15 1983-04-15 Development device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59192268A true JPS59192268A (en) 1984-10-31

Family

ID=13346651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6749683A Pending JPS59192268A (en) 1983-04-15 1983-04-15 Development device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59192268A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5287148A (en) Magnetic seal for a developing apparatus
JPH0384573A (en) Developing device
JPS59119371A (en) Developing device
US4994859A (en) Power cloud developing apparatus with a first and second electric field curtain generating means
US5070812A (en) Electrostatic latent image developing apparatus
US4430411A (en) Developing method for electrostatic image
JP2768071B2 (en) Developing device
JPH11231650A (en) Developing device
JP3177090B2 (en) Developing device
JPH0583903B2 (en)
JPS59192268A (en) Development device
JPS5948383B2 (en) developing device
JPH10133480A (en) Developing device and color electrophotographic device using the same
JPS5917832B2 (en) Denshisha Shingen Zosouchi
JPS6243676A (en) Developing device
JPH0462390B2 (en)
JPS6341069B2 (en)
JPH09319227A (en) Developing device
JPS61141468A (en) Developing device
JPH0466511B2 (en)
JPH0359576A (en) Developing device
JPH0466512B2 (en)
JPS59135490A (en) Developing device
JPS6022354B2 (en) Electrostatic latent image development method
JPS62150366A (en) Electrostatic developing method