JPS59186616A - Filtration apparatus of liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To filter efficiently with a small-sized apparatus by placing a filter medium, manufactured from a material having a poor affinity for the particles in a dispersed phase, in a filtration vessel, and providing a flow rate control device. CONSTITUTION:The filter medium 1 to be used is made of a filamentary, metallic or mineral material or the like, having a circular or petal-shaped cross section, enough strength to resist deformation while in use, and a three-dimensional irregular network wherein a discharge tube 2 is opened. The material also has poor affinity for a dispersed phase at the contact surface with a dispersion system. The ratio of the cross section area of the discharge tube 2 to the volume of said network structure part is regulated from 1:16 to 1:25,000. The flow rate is controlled by a cock 4 by utilizing the differential pressure between the center of the filter medium 1 and the terminal end of a transport tube 3. In this way, efficient filtration can be carrried out with a small-sized apparatus.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on a filter medium in which the dispersed phase particles are filtered without coming into close contact with the surface of the filter medium, and a filter medium having a specification that has a filtration ability at a particularly large flow rate is made of a material that has poor affinity for the dispersed phase particles. This invention relates to a novel liquid filtration device, which is made of a material, is located in a filtration tank, and is equipped with a flow rate regulating device, thereby making it possible to carry out extremely efficient repeated filtration very efficiently. be.

[Definition of terminology]

i Basic flow rate The flow rate for the filter medium, which is obtained when only the dispersion medium is allowed to pass through.

ii “Eye” The space created by the linear object looks like an eye at first glance, so it is called “Eye”.
It is written as "eye".

The structure of the present invention is described as a linear object made of metal, mineral, or other material without or with bars, having a circular, petal-shaped, or other various cross-sections, and having a strength that does not deform during use. A filter medium with a three-dimensional irregular network structure and an outflow pipe opening inside shows an abnormal value in its basic flow rate. The ratio to the volume is 1:16 to 1:25,000 (the ratio of the diameter of the outflow pipe with a constant diameter to the diameter when the three-dimensional irregular network structure is a sphere is 1:4 to 1:29) ), the abnormality is very specific and large, and this abnormality is observed more markedly as the porosity increases.To be specific, the diameter of the outflow pipe and the diameter of the three-dimensional irregular network structure are When the ratio is between 1:4 and 1:29 (in the case of a sphere), the basal flow rate is different from the minimum resistance increase value (for example, when this ratio is 1:3, the basal flow rate is centered at the outflow pipe opening). Even though the thickness of the three-dimensional irregular network structure is thin, only a smaller basal flow rate can be obtained than, for example, with a ratio of 1:10), and this maximum value is specifically In some cases, the flow rate is almost the same as the flow rate when only the outflow pipe is used, but when the flow rate is passed through the dispersion system, filtration is performed at, for example, 97% of the abnormally large flow rate (base flow rate). Availability is one of the important components of the present invention, and furthermore, this filter media “
It retains particles even smaller than the eye, so after the operation is complete,
When left in a dispersion medium in a static state, dispersed phase particles suddenly or gradually enter the filter medium (if the filter medium is immediately removed from the dispersion system after the operation is finished, it is observed that no dispersed phase particles have entered the filter medium) ), the particles that have entered the filter medium do not flow out of the filter medium even if only the dispersion medium is passed through it, and if the flow rate is changed from time to time, they can flow out of the filter medium very easily. For filter media whose contact surface with the dispersion system is made of a material with poor affinity for the dispersed phase, the operation of flowing these particles out of the filter media can be carried out more efficiently, and such operations can be carried out more efficiently. It is also one of the important components of the present invention to have a standard that allows the process to be carried out more smoothly and efficiently.

The present invention relates to a liquid filtration device based on such constituent elements, and its characteristics can be summarized as follows.

i The effect of filtration being performed without the dispersed phase particles coming into close contact with the surface of the filter medium is particularly large, and the resulting flow rate is much larger than expected from the size of the filter medium.

ii Regarding the positional relationship between the filtration tank and the filter medium, it is desirable that the filtration tank and the filter medium be located at least a little apart from each other, since a sufficient flow rate cannot be obtained if the filter medium is in contact with the wall of the filtration tank.

iii. Since the filter medium is easy to wash, it is extremely easy to use it repeatedly.

iv Even if the surface of the filter medium is covered with a net, its unique effect does not change, but this is useful for shaping and holding the filter medium, and has great practical value.

v If the size of a filter medium that is compatible with one dispersion system is expressed by the "eye" size, it is more than 10 times the size of a relatively simple dispersion system (
For example, for a system in which water is dispersed in edible oil, if a three-dimensional irregular network structure with a porosity of 95% is used, linear objects with a diameter of 2μ to 50μ may be used. Even with a filter medium made from 100% carbon dioxide, the dispersed phase may not adhere to the surface of the filter medium and the width of the filtration can be reached. Since the efficiency limit is almost the same as the flow rate with only the outflow tube, if filtration with a higher flow rate is required, multiple tubes must be used.

In this case as well, it is preferable to position them a little apart from each other, but using multiple filters can provide a larger flow rate than using a single filter, which is unnecessarily large when compared in terms of efficiency as a filter tank of the same size. It has many advantages, such as requiring less material for filter media production.

vi Incidentally, the above is the same whether the dispersed phase particles are solid or liquid.

The embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is an example of the simplest structure of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention, and is a side view of the device used in the examples. ) is the filter material, No. B is the outflow pipe (inner diameter 6 mm), No. C is the transport pipe (inner diameter 9 mm), No. D is Kotsukku, No. F is the stand for fixing the filter medium, is attached. Number E is a filtration tank (beaker with a volume of about 2 liters), number G is a filtrate receiver, and number H is a tank with a volume of about 5 liters that is used to flow the dispersion system down. The inlet pipe had a baffle plate numbered at the tip, and operation was performed by adjusting the inflow rate to the filtration flow rate.

Manufacture of filter media.

Filter media A, B, and C: About 60 g of chemical glass fibers were stirred and cut (in water) using a mixer in small quantities, and the resulting total of about 30 liters was thoroughly mixed, filtered through the already manufactured filter media, and dried. Disperse the specified amount in water again and use a commercially available tea strainer (stainless steel hemispherical, approximately 40 mesh) and an outflow tube (the opening in the filter medium is 100 mesh).
It is manufactured by pouring it onto a piece that has already been attached (covered with a saran mesh of the same size as the grain), combining it, and drying it.

Filter medium D was manufactured by cutting a predetermined amount of commercially available soft wool into thin sections and covering them with a tea strainer similar to the above.

Filter medium E was produced by thoroughly loosening a predetermined amount of commercially available Bonstar (standard 0), cutting it into thin pieces, and covering it with a tea strainer similar to the above.

Filtration operation differential pressure: The height between the center of the filter medium and the tip of the transport tube was defined as the differential pressure.

Flow rate measurement: The liquid level is 100ml from the scale of the filtration tank 2L, (
If the flow rate is large, measure it by 500 ml). Also, measure the filtration flow rate after at least 2 liters of filtration.

The sequence of operations was basic flow rate measurement, followed by dispersed inflow, and the operating time was about 6 hours, but in the case of small flow rates, it exceeded 15 hours. (The flow rate in the table below is 100 ml, equivalent to a hit value) Add about 10 ml of tap water to about 5 liters of filtered and dispersed commercially available salad oil and stir for a while.
It is emulsified by stirring, and this emulsification will not disappear for more than a year even if left alone.

In the case of only filter media C, D, and E and the outflow pipe, all operations were carried out with the outlet (D) fully open, and the flow rate did not change from beginning to end, and the filtrate was clear.

In the case of filter media B and A, the parentheses ( ) indicate that a clear filtrate (operating time was 18 hours in both cases) was obtained by operating the filter with a small flow rate. Additionally, in order to form a siphon, another tip was provided at the tip of the transport pipe and the operation was carried out.

In addition, a filter medium with a diameter of 2 cm (however, the surface was covered with a 40-mesh saran mesh) was manufactured using the same method as filter media A, B, and C (standards differing only in the diameter of the filter medium), but its basic flow rate was 100 mm.
Filtration was carried out using this filter for 8 minutes and 10 seconds per ml (differential pressure, 80 cm) at a flow rate of about 70 minutes (per 100 ml), but hardly any clear liquid was obtained. (first 10 obtained
0ml was already cloudy. ) After washing and filtration, continue filtration until the liquid level in the filtration tank reaches about 1 cm above the top of the filter medium, close the tube with number d, and let the dispersion system flow into the filtration tank to make the total volume about 2 liters. After being left for one day, the filter medium was pulled up, the dispersion system was removed, and a new dispersion medium, ie salad oil, was put into the filter tank and the filter medium was immersed in it.

In the case of filter media D and E, the differential pressure is 80 cm,
Also, the flow rate of filter medium E is made approximately the same as the flow rate of filter medium D,
The cleaning work was carried out by rotating the pot with number 2 by 180 degrees. That is, as soon as the Kotoku was rotated, water droplets flowed down the transport pipe and continued for several seconds, and then no water droplets were seen, so the Kotoku was rotated again and the operation was repeated until no water droplets were seen any more. During operation, I attached another tip to the tip of the transport pipe to make the flow rate almost the same as that of filter medium D.) It took a long time until I could no longer see any water droplets even when I rotated the tip. Salad oil is filter medium D, about 500m.
1 and filter medium E, the amount was about 2.8 liters, and after washing in this manner, filtration was carried out successively to obtain the same results as the first filtration.

Furthermore, the standard GA-200 uses chemical glass fiber as a reinforcing material.
One is made of glass fiber with a porosity of about 95% and corresponds to a wire diameter of about 3 μm, and the other is made of a wire material with a diameter of about 50 μm (commercially available Bonstar, Standard 2) and has a porosity of about 95%, which is claimed in the patent. A filter medium having the specifications described in the above range was manufactured, and the same dispersion system as above was filtered, and extremely efficient filtration was achieved.

As described above, the effect of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention is extremely large, and it is a novel device that is compact and can be used for separation of either solid-liquid or liquid-liquid, and has extremely low power consumption, which is completely unimaginable with conventional filtration. This provides an extremely efficient filtration technology.

More specifically, it is a standard for the filter medium used in the liquid filtration device according to the present invention, and if the size is too large for the purpose of use, it should be covered with a mesh with a mesh size smaller than the "eyes" of the filter medium (specifically, To explain, in the case of filtration with a dispersed system with a wide particle size distribution, a three-dimensional irregular network structure tailored to small particles and an outflow tube covered with a mesh with a mesh size smaller than the "eyes" are used. In some cases, very large particles generally have good filterability.) There are improvement techniques, such as using a smaller filter medium or narrowing the area within the three-dimensional irregular network structure of the outflow tube.

Incidentally, FIG. 2-i is a side view of an example of a liquid filtration device according to the present invention other than the liquid filtration device according to the present invention used in the above embodiment, and the numbers A and B indicate filter media, and the numbers B and B, respectively. , the filtration tank, number C, is the lid of the filtration tank, and can be sealed with the clamp, number D. Figures 2-ii and iii are schematic diagrams of side views showing the positional relationship between the filter medium and the filter tank in the case where it is unavoidable that a part of the filter medium comes into contact with the filter tank;
ii is preferable to i.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention used in the embodiment. No. A, Filter material (schematic diagram) B, Outflow pipe C, Transport pipe D, Water tank E, Filter tank H, Stand H, Receiver H, Inlet pipe L, Baffle plate Figure 2 I : Side view diagram of another example of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention in FIG. A schematic diagram of a side view of a filtration tank and a filter medium in one example of a filtration device. Numbers A, Filter medium B, Filter tank iii: Schematic diagrams of side views of a filter tank and a filter medium in an example of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention. Number A, Filter material B, Filtration tank Applicant Akio Nakamura

Claims (1)

[Claims] Made from metals, minerals, carbon, animal or vegetable substances, synthetic resins, materials with or without bars, etc., and has various shapes such as circles, ellipses, ovals, triangles, squares, petal shapes, etc. in cross section, and A three-dimensional irregular network that is made of a wire material that is strong enough not to deform during use, and where the distance between the wires is at least 1 times (on average) the thickness of the wire materials, and an outflow pipe is opened inside. For structured filter media that differ only in volume, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the outflow tube to the volume is set to 1:16 to 1:25,000, so that the contact surface with the dispersion system of the filter media component is relative to the dispersed phase. 1. A liquid filtration device characterized by having a filter medium made of a material having the same tendency in terms of affinity in a filtration tank, and having a flow rate regulating device.