JPS5918239Y2 - drain valve - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a drain valve for draining water accumulated in a heavy oil storage tank or the like.

Generally, a considerable amount of water separated from the heavy oil, etc. accumulates at the bottom of a tank that stores heavy oil, etc., which has a lower specific gravity than water.

For example, if 5000 m" of heavy oil is stored and 1% of it is separated as water, 50 m" of water will accumulate at the bottom of the storage tank.

Conventionally, in order to drain this water, workers manually operated an on-off valve attached to the bottom of a heavy oil storage tank or the like.

However, in this case, even if the water was flowed at a flow rate of 10 m" at 7:00, it would take five hours to complete the discharge, and during this time workers would have to constantly monitor the discharge until the end to prevent the leakage of heavy oil, etc. I had to.

In addition, the amount of water that can be separated from heavy oil, etc. varies greatly depending on the storage time, storage amount, moisture content, etc. of the heavy oil, so the time required to completely drain the water is completely unpredictable. Therefore, it was necessary to constantly inspect the liquid being discharged.

Therefore, it required considerable labor and skill from the operator, and typically required multiple tools.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been developed by automatically operating the work tool after a simple initial operation by one person, and thereby ensuring that the valve automatically closes when the water discharge is completed. To provide a drain valve that does not require particularly skilled working tools, reduces work effort and effort, and prevents a large amount of heavy oil from accidentally flowing out.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 is a valve box; 2 is an on-off valve 3 provided on the side wall of the valve box 1;
4 is a valve seat having a valve seat opening 4a attached to the bottom wall of the valve box 1 with bolts 5; 6 is a downstream side of the valve seat 4; A constriction part 6a is provided in the middle of the constriction part 6a, an on-off valve 7 is attached to the downstream side of the constriction part 6a, and the outlet side passage has a discharge port 6b.

The improved inlet passage 2 is appropriately spaced from the valve seat 4 so as to be as little affected by the dynamic pressure that occurs when water 8 flows out from the valve seat opening 4a, and its passage area is larger than the valve seat opening 4a.
It is relatively larger than the passage area of .

Reference numeral 9 denotes a constricted portion 6 of the outlet side passage 6 between the valve seat 4 and the on-off valve 7.
A side pipe 10 that communicates between A and the upper part of the valve box 1 is installed in the middle of the side pipe 9, and is interlocked with the on-off valve 7 by an interlocking device 11, so that the on-off valve 7 is connected to the on-off valve 7 by the -S operation. This is a pressure equalizing valve configured to perform reverse opening and closing operations.

12 is a liquid (
This is a float assembly that opens and closes the valve seat port 4a by moving up and down due to changes in the specific gravity of water 8 and heavy oil, etc. A blind flange 18 to which a guide rod 17 is fixed is attached to the top with bolts 20 via an O-ring 19 to seal the injection pipe 16 (see FIG. 3).

That is, the weight of the float assembly 12 can be adjusted by placing a suitable enclosure 21 in the float 15, such as a suitable heavy object at the work site or water 8 or heavy oil 14 in a storage tank. There is.

22 is an O-ring 23 on top of the valve box 1 to seal the valve box 1.
A guide tube 1 for guiding the guide rod 17 is installed at the lower center of the lid with bolts 24 through the lid.
3 is fixed.

In addition, a through hole 22 is provided in the lid 22 at a position corresponding to the center of the guide tube 13 for visually observing the upper end 17a of the guide rod 17.
a is provided, and an O-ring 2 is placed above this through hole 22 a.
A see-through plate 26 made of a transparent material such as glass is embedded through the hole 5, and the see-through plate 26 is closely fixed to the lid 22 by bolts 28 through a press plate 27 having a through hole 27a in the center. (See Figure 4).

In order to make the upper end 17a of the guide rod 17 easier to see, it is preferable to apply fluorescent paint to the upper surface of the upper end 17H.

Next, the operating principle of this embodiment will be explained. Before operating this embodiment, the weight of the float assembly 12 is first adjusted in the following manner.

In other words, by enlarging the float 15 by an appropriate amount, when this float assembly 12 is placed in a container containing two liquids such as water 8 and heavy oil 14, these two liquids The weight of the float assembly 12 is adjusted so that the boundary surface 29 of the float 15 approximately coincides with the center of the float 15 (
(See Figure 3).

By doing this, the float assembly 12 will surely float in the water 8 and sink in the heavy oil etc. 14, so the water 8 below the boundary surface 29 will be automatically drained, but the Heavy oil, etc. 14 above the surface 29 is not automatically discharged.

To explain this theoretically, the float assembly 12 in a state where the center of the float 15 and the boundary surface 29 are aligned.
Next, the principle of operation of this embodiment will be explained when this embodiment is connected to a heavy oil storage tank 30 as shown in FIG. 5 and the on-off valve 3 is fully opened.

First, in the initial state of operation, the on-off valve 7 is fully open, the pressure equalization valve 10 is fully closed, and the float assembly 12 is filled with heavy oil, etc. 14 in the valve box 1, as shown in FIG. As a result, the valve seat port 4a is completely closed because it sinks and is further pressed against the valve seat 4 by the thrust caused by the water head pressure of the tank 30.

Valve closing force Fc (g
) becomes .

However, d is the outer diameter (cm) of the float 15, and do is the valve seat 4.
The seat diameter (cm) is

Therefore, when (roHo+dH)> cloth surface (-;) 2(1-ro), the force F is F>
.

Since this acts as a valve closing force, the float assembly 1
2 remains in close contact with the valve seat 4, and water 8 is not discharged (this is the general state).

Next, once the on-off valve 7 is fully closed in this state, the pressure equalizing valve 10 is fully opened by the interlocking device 11 at the same time, and the inside of the valve box 1 and the throttle part 6a of the outlet side passage 6 are communicated through the side pipe 9. As a result, the valve closing force due to the water head pressure (ro Ho + H) no longer acts on the float assembly 12, and as is clear from equations (6) and (9), the excess buoyancy Fa
only becomes effective.

Therefore, the float assembly 12 floats and remains stationary until the center of the float 15 coincides with the boundary surface 29 near the inlet passage 2.

Next, when the on-off valve 7 is gradually opened, the water 8 in the lower part of the valve box 1 passes through the valve seat opening 4a and the constricted portion 6a of the outlet passage 6, and flows out from the discharge port 6b.

On the other hand, at the same time as the on-off valve 7 gradually opens, the pressure equalizing valve 10 opens the interlocking device 1.
At this time, the passing area of the constricted portion 6a is small, so that the speed of water 8 passing through the constricted portion 6a increases.

Therefore, the pressure within the constricted portion 6a decreases according to Bernoulli's theorem, and the heavy oil, etc. 14 in the upper part of the valve box 1 is sucked out into the constricted portion 6a through the side pipe 9.

The sucked out heavy oil, etc. 14 flows out from the discharge port 6b through the on-off valve 7 while mixing with the water 8 in the throttle section 6a.

In this case, the amount of water 8 flowing out from the valve seat port 4a is small;
Furthermore, since the float assembly 12 is quite far from the valve seat port 4a, the valve closing force due to dynamic pressure is so small that it can be ignored.

Therefore, when the heavy oil, etc. 14 in the upper part of the valve box 1 flows out, the boundary surface 29 gradually rises, and the float assembly 12 also rises together with the boundary surface 29. Finally, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper end 17 of the guide rod 17 a hits the lower surface of the lid 22 and the float assembly 12 stops rising.

At this time, a sound is generated when the upper end 17a of the guide rod 17 hits the lower surface of the lid 22, and the upper end 17a of the guide rod 17 hits the lower surface of the lid 22 through the transparent plate 26.
7a itself or the fluorescent paint on the upper surface of the upper end 17a can be confirmed to emit light.

Next, if this state is left as it is for a short period of time, the heavy oil etc. 14 in the valve box 1 will almost disappear, and only the water 8 will flow out from the discharge port 6b.

The amount of heavy oil, etc. 14 that spills out during this period is only the amount that remains in the valve box 1, and is a very small amount compared to the amount of water 8 in the tank 30 that is to be drained, so it can be easily caught with a bucket etc. can be processed.

Finally, when the on-off valve 7 is fully opened and the pressure equalizing valve 10 is fully closed at the same time, a large amount of water 8 is discharged from the discharge port 6b.

Next, after a considerable amount of time has passed, when the water 8 in the tank 30 has finished discharging and heavy oil, etc. 14 begins to flow in from the inlet side passage 2, this heavy oil, etc. 14 is mixed with the water 8 in the upper part of the valve box 1. As a result, the boundary surface 29 gradually descends.

When this interface 29 reaches the center of the float 15, the float assembly 12 begins to descend with this interface 29.

Next, when the float 15 descends almost to the position of the inlet side passage 2, the dynamic pressure of the water 8 flowing out from the valve seat port 4a acts on the float assembly 12, so the float assembly 12 rapidly descends, and finally As shown in FIG. 1, the valve seat opening 4a is completely closed.

Therefore, a small amount of water 8 remains at the bottom of the valve box 1, but heavy oil, etc.
There is no outflow at all, and the valve closes automatically.

In this way, the discharge of the water 8 in the tank 30 according to this example is completed.

As described above, the drain valve according to the present invention operates automatically after one worker simply operates the opening/closing valve and the pressure equalization valve at the initial stage, and the valve closes reliably when water is completely drained. .

Additionally, once the valve is closed, it will never open unless a worker operates the on-off valve and the pressure equalization valve, and a large amount of heavy oil, etc. will never naturally flow out.

Furthermore, since the opening/closing valve and the pressure equalizing valve are linked to perform reverse opening/closing operations, the operator can easily and reliably operate the drain valve.

In other words, it is possible to prevent the risk that heavy oil, etc. will continue to flow out through the pressure equalization valve 10 even after the float 15 closes the valve seat port 4a as a result of opening the on-off valve 7 without forgetting to close the pressure equalization valve 10.

In addition, since this drain valve has a smaller passage area through the throttle part than the valve seat opening, the amount of heavy oil, etc. in the upper part of the valve box flowing out from the discharge port through the passage pipe and on-off valve is reduced by the suction effect of the throttle part. It can be relatively large.

That is, it is possible to shorten the time required to drain the heavy oil, etc. that initially remained in the valve box and to completely raise the float assembly, which greatly contributes to saving labor.

Therefore, if the drain valve of the present invention is used, it does not require particularly skilled workers, reduces the labor and effort required for working tools, and also makes it possible to drain water reliably and completely prevent the spillage of heavy oil, etc. The effect is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the drain valve according to the present invention in a closed state, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing the valve open state of this embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a float assembly of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure, FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the peripheral part of the see-through plate of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the state in which this embodiment is connected to a heavy oil storage tank or the like.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A valve box having a valve seat between an inlet passage provided on a side wall and an outlet passage provided on a bottom wall, an on-off valve provided in the middle of the outlet passage, and the valve seat and the on-off valve. A constriction part provided in the outlet side passage with the valve, a side pipe that communicates the constriction part with the upper part of the valve box, and a reverse constriction part located in the middle of the side pipe in conjunction with the on-off valve. a pressure equalizing valve provided to open and close the valve, and a valve seat of the valve seat whose own weight is adjusted so that it floats in water and sinks in heavy oil, etc., and is arranged in the valve box. A drain valve having a float assembly for opening and closing a mouth, and a detection means for confirming rising of the float assembly.