JPS59172669A - Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufacture - Google Patents
Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59172669A JPS59172669A JP4842283A JP4842283A JPS59172669A JP S59172669 A JPS59172669 A JP S59172669A JP 4842283 A JP4842283 A JP 4842283A JP 4842283 A JP4842283 A JP 4842283A JP S59172669 A JPS59172669 A JP S59172669A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fluororesin
- resin
- primer
- roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
- G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
- G03G15/2053—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating
- G03G15/2057—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating relating to the chemical composition of the heat element and layers thereof
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ）産業上の利用分野
この発明は、電子写真複写機（こおける熱定着用加熱ロ
ーラ及びその製造方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a heating roller for heat fixing in an electrophotographic copying machine and a method for manufacturing the same.
（ロ）従来技術
電子写真複写機の複写プロセス１こおいて、複写用紙ｔ
こ静電的ｌこ転写されたトナー酸を加熱定着させる方法
の一つとして加熱ローラと加圧ローラとの間に複写用紙
を通過させる加熱加圧方式か知られており、この方式は
定着スピード、定着性等１こおいて他の方式より優れた
点があるため、従来から複写機、ファクシミリ、プリン
ター等（こおいて使用されている。(b) In the copying process 1 of the prior art electrophotographic copying machine, copy paper t
One known method for heating and fixing the electrostatically transferred toner acid is a heating and pressing method in which copy paper is passed between a heating roller and a pressure roller. It has been used in copiers, facsimile machines, printers, etc. because it has advantages over other methods in terms of fixing properties, etc.
上記の加熱加圧方式に使用される加熱ローラは、トナー
のオフセットによる画像の汚れを防止するために、その
表面に非粘着性の離型層が設けられる。The heating roller used in the heating and pressing method described above is provided with a non-adhesive release layer on its surface in order to prevent image staining due to toner offset.
上記の非粘着性離型層としては、表面エネルギ−か低く
、離型性、耐熱性（こ優れたフッ素系樹脂か用いられる
。フッ素系樹脂を加熱ローラの表面（こ被覆する従来の
方法は、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム等（こより
機械加工または塑性加工等１こより製作した金慎ｏ−ラ
の表面を、サンドブラスト、ホーニング等により粗面化
（粗度１３〜１５μ）して接着効果を上げ、その上にプ
ライマーとして接着層（フッ素系樹脂、リン酸、クロム
酸等の混合液）を塗布し、これを焼付けた上でフッ素系
樹脂を塗布し、再度焼付けることにより非粘着性離型層
を形成するようにしている。For the non-adhesive release layer, a fluororesin with low surface energy, good releasability, and excellent heat resistance is used.The conventional method of coating the surface of the heating roller with fluororesin , stainless steel, aluminum, etc. (by machining or plastic processing, etc.) The surface of the Kinshin roller is roughened (roughness 13 to 15μ) by sandblasting, honing, etc. to improve the adhesive effect. Apply an adhesive layer (a mixture of fluorine resin, phosphoric acid, chromic acid, etc.) as a primer on top, bake this, apply fluororesin, and bake again to form a non-adhesive mold release layer. I'm trying to form it.
上記の製造工程１こおいて金属ローラの表面を粗面化し
、プライマ一層を形成するのは、フッ素系樹脂は表面エ
ネルギーが小さく他の物との接着力か非常ｌこ弱いため
である。The reason why the surface of the metal roller is roughened and a single layer of primer is formed in the above manufacturing process 1 is because fluororesin has a small surface energy and has very weak adhesion to other objects.
（ハ）発明が解決しようとする問題点
従来の熱定着用加熱ローラは、上記のよう（こ製造され
るものであるが、非粘着性離型層の密着力は一般の塗装
物より弱く、Ｉ Ｋ９ ／ ｃｍ ｒｌｌ程度のもので
ある。そのため、熱定着用加熱ローラとして使用した場
合、高温下で長時間使用されると剥離を生じる間頃があ
る。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventional heating rollers for heat fixing are manufactured as described above, but the adhesion of the non-adhesive release layer is weaker than that of general coated products. Therefore, when used as a heating roller for heat fixing, there is a possibility that peeling will occur if used at high temperatures for a long time.
また、熱定着用加熱ローラは、熱定着の際に瞬間的に複
写用紙と接触してこれを加熱するので、ローラの表向は
できるだけ平滑で均一なものであることが望ましい。し
かし、前述のように、従来のローラ【こおいては、接着
強度をよけるため（こ粗面化しているため、そのような
曲番こ上記の離型層を形成した場合、離型層の表面も粗
面になる。そのため、離型層表面を研摩して平滑１こ仕
上ける必要がある。Furthermore, since the heating roller for thermal fixing instantaneously contacts and heats the copy paper during thermal fixing, it is desirable that the surface of the roller be as smooth and uniform as possible. However, as mentioned above, conventional rollers have a roughened surface to avoid adhesive strength. The surface of the mold release layer also becomes rough.Therefore, it is necessary to polish the surface of the mold release layer to make it smooth.
（勾 問題点を解決するための手段
上記のような間頓を解決するため（こ、加熱ローラに関
しこの発明は、金１萬ローラの表向粗度を１０μ以下、
その表面をこ形成されるプライマ一層を熱硬化性樹脂に
対するフッ素糸樹脂を０〜５０市量％の割合で混合して
形成した構成としたものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to heating rollers, and the surface roughness of the gold roller is set to 10μ or less.
The single layer of primer formed on the surface is formed by mixing a thermosetting resin with a fluorine fiber resin in a ratio of 0 to 50% by weight.
また、上記の加熱ローラの製造方法に関し、この発明は
、金属ローラの表向粗度を１０μ以下（こ仕−にけたの
ち、その表面に熱硬化性樹脂ｌこ対するフッ素系樹脂を
０〜５０重量％の割合で混合したものを塗布してプライ
マ一層を形成し、そのプライマ一層が未硬化の状態でフ
ッ素系樹脂を塗布し、その後プライマ一層とフッ素系樹
脂層を同時番こ焼成し、表向に非粘着性離型層を形成す
るよう【こしたものである。Further, regarding the method for manufacturing the heating roller described above, the present invention provides a surface roughness of 10 μm or less of the metal roller, and then coats the surface with 0 to 50 μm of fluororesin as opposed to the thermosetting resin. A single layer of primer is formed by applying a mixture of % by weight, and a fluororesin is applied while the primer layer is uncured.Then, the first layer of primer and the fluororesin layer are simultaneously fired to form a surface. It has been strained to form a non-adhesive release layer on both sides.
以下、」−記各発明を実施例（こ基ついて詳細に説明す
る。Hereinafter, each of the inventions will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
（ホ） 実施例
添付図面は、この発明（こ係る加熱ローラに関し金ｊ萬
ローラ１は、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム等の金
属（こよって形成され、その表面は１０μ以下の粗度１
こ仕上けられる。(E) The attached drawings of the embodiments show that the heating roller 1 of the present invention is made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, and its surface has a roughness of 10μ or less.
This is finished.
表面粗度はできるだけ小さい方が望ましいが、１０ｐを
越えると、第１層のプライマ一層２を介して形成される
第２層の非粘着離型層３の表面が平滑性が損われるので
好ましくない。表面粗度が］ Ｏｐす、下であると非粘
着離型層３の表面粗度が３ｐｌｄ下となり、熱定着用ロ
ーラの平滑性とじて充分なものが得られる。It is desirable that the surface roughness be as small as possible, but if it exceeds 10p, it is not preferable because the surface smoothness of the second non-adhesive release layer 3 formed through the first primer layer 2 will be impaired. . If the surface roughness is below 3 pld, the surface roughness of the non-adhesive release layer 3 will be below 3 pld, and the heat fixing roller will have sufficient smoothness.
上記のように仕上げたローラ表面にプライマ一層２が形
成される。プライマ一層２は、熱硬化性樹脂に対するフ
ッ素系樹脂がＯ〜５０唄量％のＡＴ’１合で混合された
ものである。フッ素系樹脂の混合割合が高すぎる場合は
、下地金１萬との接着力か低下し好ましくないため、５
０％以下にする必要がある。なお、フッ素系樹脂を全く
含まない場合は、第２層の非粘着離型層３との接着力か
や５低下するが、充分使用可能の範囲である。A primer layer 2 is formed on the roller surface finished as described above. The primer layer 2 is a mixture of a thermosetting resin and a fluororesin at an AT'1 ratio of O to 50% by weight. If the mixing ratio of the fluororesin is too high, the adhesive strength with the base metal 10,000 will decrease, which is undesirable.
It is necessary to keep it below 0%. In addition, when a fluororesin is not included at all, the adhesive force with the second non-adhesive release layer 3 is reduced by 5, but this is within a sufficiently usable range.
上記のプライマ一層２は、スプレー等１こより１０〜１
５μの厚さ１こ塗布される。1 layer of the above primer is 10 to 1
One coat of 5μ thick is applied.
なお、上記の熱硬化性樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、ポ
リエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリフェニレンサル
ファイド、ポリエーテルスルフォン等かあり、このうち
の一種又は二種以上の併用で使用される。また、これと
配合されるフッ素糸樹脂としては、４フツ化エチレン樹
脂、４フツ化工チレンプロピレン共屯合体、パーフロロ
アルコキシエチレン樹脂のうちの一種又は二種以上の混
合で使月１される。The thermosetting resin mentioned above includes epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, etc., and one or more of these may be used in combination. Further, as the fluorine thread resin to be blended with this, one or a mixture of two or more of the following may be used: a tetrafluoroethylene resin, a tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymer, and a perfluoroalkoxyethylene resin.
」１記のプライマ一層２か未硬化の状態でその上（こ粘
着性離型層３を形成すべく、フッ素系樹脂かスプレー等
通常の方法で塗布される。この場合のフッ素系樹脂とし
ては、４フツ化エチレン樹脂、４フッ化エチレン−６フ
ツ化フロピレンＷＡ 指％ パーフロロアルコキシ樹脂
等がある。このフッ素系樹脂を塗布したのち、未硬化の
プライマ一層２と同時に焼成することにより、第２層（
こ粘着性離型層３か形成される。」−記のフッ素系樹脂
に、無機。A fluorine-based resin is applied on top of the uncured primer layer 2 (in order to form an adhesive release layer 3) using a conventional method such as spraying.In this case, the fluorine-based resin is , tetrafluoroethylene resin, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropylene WA perfluoroalkoxy resin, etc.After coating this fluorocarbon resin, the first layer 2 of uncured primer is baked at the same time. 2 layers (
This adhesive release layer 3 is formed. ” - Inorganic to the fluororesin.
有機等の充填拐を混合してもよい。An organic filler or the like may be mixed.
なお、第１層のプライマ一層２を先に焼成し、その後〔
こ＠′Ｊ２ ＋＠を焼成しても、接着力を得ることはて
きない。Note that the first layer of primer layer 2 is fired first, and then [
Even if this @'J2 +@ is fired, adhesive strength cannot be obtained.
以−ヒの方法によって得られた熱定着用加熱ローラの特
性を知るため、次に示す実験１及び２を行なった。In order to find out the characteristics of the heating roller for thermal fixing obtained by the method described below, Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted as shown below.
（ホ） 実験１
表１（こ示すベース樹脂とフッ素樹脂分散液（ポリフロ
ンｐ −１液°ダイキン社製）を同表に示す割合で配合
して試料１〜１３のプライマー液をつくり、これをスプ
レー法（こより、表面粗度３μに仕上げた３５ｍｍφア
ルミニウム製ローラの表面に１０〜１５μの厚さで塗装
した。この塗装物を風乾したのち、その上ｔこＰ、Ｆ、
Ａ （パーフロロアルコキシ樹脂）粉末（三片フロロ
ケミカル社製、Ｍｐ−１ｏ−２）を静電塗装により、２
０〜３０μの厚さに塗装し、３８０°Ｃの炉中番こて２
０分間の焼付けを行った。(E) Experiment 1 Primer liquids for samples 1 to 13 were prepared by blending the base resin shown in Table 1 and the fluororesin dispersion liquid (Polyflon P-1 liquid manufactured by Daikin Corporation) in the proportions shown in the table. Spray method (by this method, the surface of a 35mmφ aluminum roller finished with a surface roughness of 3μ was coated with a thickness of 10 to 15μ. After this coating was air-dried, it was coated with P, F,
A (perfluoroalkoxy resin) powder (manufactured by Mikata Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., Mp-1o-2) was applied by electrostatic coating.
Paint to a thickness of 0 to 30μ and heat with a number trowel 2 in a furnace at 380°C.
Baking was performed for 0 minutes.
このローラの樹脂皮膜をインストロ引張試験機にて円方
向に剥離し、その剥離強度を測定した。The resin film of this roller was peeled off in a circular direction using an intro tensile tester, and its peel strength was measured.
その剥離強度の測定結果を表１の「密着力」の欄１こ挙
げる。試料１〜１３の場合は、１．５ Ｋ９ ／ ｃｍ
Ｓｄ、上の強い密着力が得られた。比較例１及び２は
ベース樹脂を５０％以下とした場合、同３〜５は従来法
番こよるものであり、０．５〜］、、 ＯＫ９ ／ ａ
ｍ程度の低い密着力しか得られない。The measurement results of the peel strength are listed in the "Adhesion" column of Table 1. For samples 1 to 13, 1.5 K9/cm
Stronger adhesion than Sd was obtained. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when the base resin is 50% or less, Comparative Examples 3 to 5 are based on the conventional method number, 0.5 ~], OK9 / a
Only a low adhesion force of about m can be obtained.
表 １
（（へ）実験２
３５ｍｍφのアルミニウム製ローラの表面粗度を表２の
試料１４〜１７、比較例６．７に示すように定め、脱脂
を行ったのちプライマ一層として、フッ素樹脂（ポリプ
ロンＤ−１液：ダイキン社製）を２０重量％含むポリイ
ミド樹脂（ケルイミド：ロータブーラン社製）を分散液
として、１０μの厚さにスプレー塗装した。半乾燥状態
てＰ、Ｆ、Ａ （パーフロロアルコキシ樹脂）粉末（三
片フロロケミカル社製、ＭＰ−１０−２）を静電塗装（
こより１５〜２０μに塗装し、３８０°Ｃの炉中で２０
分の焼付を行った。Table 1 ((f) Experiment 2 The surface roughness of a 35 mmφ aluminum roller was determined as shown in Samples 14 to 17 in Table 2 and Comparative Example 6.7, and after degreasing, fluororesin (polypropylene) was used as a primer layer. A polyimide resin (Kelimide: manufactured by Rotaboulan) containing 20% by weight of liquid D-1 (made by Daikin) was spray coated to a thickness of 10μ. Alkoxy resin) powder (manufactured by Mikata Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., MP-10-2) is electrostatically coated (
Coat to a thickness of 15 to 20μ and heat in a 380°C oven for 20 minutes.
I did some printing.
このようにして製作したローラの被覆樹脂（非粘着離型
層）の表面粗度の測定結果を表２に；Ｊ＜す。Table 2 shows the measurement results of the surface roughness of the coating resin (non-adhesive release layer) of the roller thus manufactured.
試料１４〜１７の表面粗度は３μ以下であるか、この状
態でも定着ローラとして充分１こ使用可能なものである
。The surface roughness of Samples 14 to 17 was 3 μm or less, or even in this state, it was enough to be used as a fixing roller.
表 ２
（ト） 効 果
以上述べたように、この発明の熱定着用加熱ローラ及び
その製造方法によって得られた加熱ローラは、密着力及
び平滑性において従来のものより優れたものであり、熱
定着用加熱ローラとしての特性を向上させる効果がある
。Table 2 (G) Effects As stated above, the heating roller for heat fixing of the present invention and the heating roller obtained by the manufacturing method thereof are superior to conventional ones in terms of adhesion and smoothness, and have excellent thermal resistance. This has the effect of improving the characteristics as a heating roller for fixing.
図はこの発明に係る加熱ローラの断面図である。
１ ・金属ローラ、２・・・プライマ一層、３・・・非
粘着性離型層The figure is a sectional view of a heating roller according to the present invention. 1. Metal roller, 2.. Single layer of primer, 3.. Non-adhesive release layer.
Claims (2)
ライマ一層を形成し、その上シこ非粘着性離型！（ｌｉ
を形成した熱定着用加熱ローラ１こおいて、上記金１萬
ローラの表面粗度を１０μ以下、上記プライマ一層を熱
硬化性樹脂（こ対するフッ素系樹脂を０〜５０屯量％の
割合で混合して形成したものであることを特徴とする熱
定着用加熱ローラ。(1) The surface of the metal roller with the required surface roughness (forming a single layer of primer on this, and then applying non-adhesive mold release!
The surface roughness of the gold roller is set to 10μ or less, and the primer layer is coated with a thermosetting resin (a fluorine-based resin is added at a ratio of 0 to 50% by weight). A heating roller for heat fixing, characterized in that it is formed by mixing.
こプライマ一層を形成し、その上に非粘着性離型層を形
成する熱定着用加熱ローラの製造方法において、」二記
金嘱ローラの表面粗度を１０μ以下番こ仕りけたのち、
その表面【こ熱硬化性樹脂に対するフッ素系樹１指をＯ
〜５０屯量％の割合で混合したものを塗布してプライマ
一層を形成し、上記プライマーｉｉ′／ｉか未硬化の状
態でフッ素系樹脂を塗布し、その後プライマ一層とフッ
素系樹脂層を同時【こ焼成して表面（こ非粘着性離型層
を形成することを特徴とする熱定着用加熱ローラの製造
方法”。(2) Surface 1 of a gold roller with the required surface roughness
In this method of manufacturing a heating roller for heat fixing in which a single layer of primer is formed and a non-adhesive release layer is formed thereon, after the surface roughness of the metal roller is adjusted to 10 μm or less,
The surface
Apply a mixture of ~50% by volume to form a single layer of primer, apply a fluororesin to the above primer ii'/i in an uncured state, and then apply a single layer of primer and a fluororesin layer at the same time. [A method for manufacturing a heating roller for heat fixing, which is characterized by firing to form a non-adhesive release layer on the surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4842283A JPS59172669A (en) | 1983-03-23 | 1983-03-23 | Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4842283A JPS59172669A (en) | 1983-03-23 | 1983-03-23 | Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59172669A true JPS59172669A (en) | 1984-09-29 |
| JPH0567949B2 JPH0567949B2 (en) | 1993-09-27 |
Family
ID=12802884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4842283A Granted JPS59172669A (en) | 1983-03-23 | 1983-03-23 | Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59172669A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02289877A (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1990-11-29 | Gunma Alum Kk | Coated roll for printer |
| US5552870A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-09-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developing device for an image forming apparatus |
| US6252199B1 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2001-06-26 | Kyocera Corporation | Heating roller for fixing |
| JP2020124845A (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-20 | 日本フッソ工業株式会社 | Coating film body containing high-purity graphene and method for manufacturing said coating film body |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5814174A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1983-01-26 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Heat roller fixing device |
-
1983
- 1983-03-23 JP JP4842283A patent/JPS59172669A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5814174A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1983-01-26 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Heat roller fixing device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02289877A (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1990-11-29 | Gunma Alum Kk | Coated roll for printer |
| US5552870A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-09-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developing device for an image forming apparatus |
| US6252199B1 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2001-06-26 | Kyocera Corporation | Heating roller for fixing |
| JP2020124845A (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-20 | 日本フッソ工業株式会社 | Coating film body containing high-purity graphene and method for manufacturing said coating film body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0567949B2 (en) | 1993-09-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4196256A (en) | Long life fuser roll | |
| US5906881A (en) | Coated fuser members | |
| US5744241A (en) | Fluoropolymer coated elastomeric rollers and structures | |
| US6596357B1 (en) | Multilayer fuser rolls having fluoropolymer coating on a compliant baselayer and method of forming | |
| US4819020A (en) | Fixing roller and its manufacturing process | |
| JPH01155378A (en) | Fixing roller | |
| JPH10142990A (en) | Fixing roller | |
| KR20070058443A (en) | Transfer belt for image-forming device | |
| KR100613779B1 (en) | Endless belt and method of manufacturing the endless belt | |
| JPS6311668B2 (en) | ||
| MXPA06013477A (en) | Abrasion resistant fluoropolymer compositions containing zeolite. | |
| JPS59172669A (en) | Heat roller for heat fixation and its manufacture | |
| JPH0315187B2 (en) | ||
| JPS5824174A (en) | Manufacture of fixing roller | |
| JPS5827175A (en) | Fixing roller | |
| JPH0291672A (en) | Elastic fixing roller | |
| JPS61153179A (en) | Production of roller coating with fluororesin | |
| JPH0366914A (en) | Coated roll for printer and manufacture thereof | |
| JPS6184670A (en) | Manufacture of toner image fixing roller | |
| JP3081802B2 (en) | Primer composition for bonding fluororesin film and fluororesin-coated metal plate | |
| JPS5987476A (en) | Heating and fixing roll for electrophotographic copying machine | |
| JPH02150875A (en) | Elastic rotating body and fixation device | |
| JPH0381135A (en) | Manufacture of elastic roller | |
| JPS634287A (en) | Fixing roller and its production | |
| JPS60252381A (en) | Heat fixing roll |