JPS59171767A - Self-steering type dolly - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a transportation dolly used for releasably connecting a rear vehicle to a front vehicle in tandem, and an improvement thereof.

Two-mile tandem combinations, especially tractor/trailer combinations and second trailers, are of continuing commercial interest due to cost savings, and therefore there are many prior art disclosing different devices. exists. However, the technology of tandem coupling devices currently in use is limited, and the basic problem is that a certain degree of stability must be achieved in the tandem coupling, or that it causes considerable wear on the rear vehicle. It is.

Therefore, (, Dolly is the frame of the niT section trailer?
In the case of a rigid connection, the rear trailer is bent several times against the dolly by the fifth vehicle, thus increasing the wear on the -C tie 1'. If the dolly is coupled to the front trailer for pivoting about a vertical axis, tire wear will be reduced, but there will be two adjacent vertical pivots between the two trailers. This results in undesirable instability, which may cause the vehicle to overturn or jackknife.

To address this problem, a self-steering dolly is disclosed in Canadian Patent No. 1,108,203, dated September 1, 981. Although it is removable from the frame of the front S vehicle, it is rigidly connected, and the dolly and rear vehicle are towed by this.

A fifth transport link attached to the dolly frame receives the front end of the rear vehicle, and the dolly runs on a pair of ground wheels attached to a 5-tub axle with a skid. Do you want to? When the linkage device connects the stub axles and is steered away from the 15th line, the lateral thrust exerted by the movement of the front vehicle causes a maneuvering movement around the respective axes. It has become like this. Link system: A centering device is connected between the Yoshi trolley frames to force the grounding wheels into a forward straight position at the center.

Therefore, the object of this invention is to unlock two vehicles.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel transportation conversion dolly for tandem connection with the same functions as the above.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle that reduces the wear and tear of tires on the wheels of two vehicles, while also providing a barrier between two vehicles.
Ru.

According to the present invention, there is provided a transport truck for releasably tandemly connecting a rear heavy vehicle to a front vehicle, and this dolly has the following configuration, namely, a dolly frame: a dolly frame provided at the front end of the dolly frame. and a device for freely connecting the dolly frame to the frame of the front vehicle, the device for towing the dolly and the rear vehicle; K; a pair of laterally spaced connections 11iii; 11) The connecting device according to item 11, wherein: - the connecting tool connects the dolly frame to the front vehicle frame (
By installing this, you can freely pitch between the two frames.
a coupling device adapted to allow movement of the rear vehicle, but not to create substantial rotational or rolling motion between the two frames; attached to the dolly frame and releasably receiving the front end of the rear vehicle; Fifth wheel connection unit: At least two grounding wheels that are attached to the dolly frame and allow the dolly to run, and are grounded by movement within the vehicle before being steered in a direction away from a straight line. a front 6-pidle grounding wheel mounted to perform a turning maneuvering motion by a lateral thrust acting on the wheel; and a front 6-pidle grounding wheel connected between the front 6-pidley frame and the steerable grounding wheel to move the grounding wheel in a central straight line; It consists of a centering device, which forces it into a forward facing position.

The releasable coupling device includes a pair of laterally spaced upwardly opening roof members attached to one of the frames and extending integrally therefrom; and a pair of laterally spaced upwardly opening roof members attached to the other frame. each comprising laterally spaced hook members, each hook member being hooked onto a respective loop member to attach the dolly frame to the front vehicle frame to substantially rotate or oscillate between the two frames. The free pitch movement is allowed to occur between the two frames without any movement.

A self-steering dolly, which is a preferred embodiment of this invention,
An exemplary description will be given with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a typical application of the transport dolly 10 of the present invention, in which a tractor 12 of a tractor-trailer combination has a front train that is coupled via a fifth wheel 16. 14 and a second rear trailer 1
8 is connected to the front train via a dolly.

Further explaining with reference to Figure 2.3, Dolly is the fifth
Short rectangle 1ifi with car/kneeling connection grate 22
It comprises an illustrative frame 20 with a grate 22 mounted on the top surface about a horizontal pivot 24. 5th car 1%t
The longitudinal position of the 5-grate is moved as necessary to adjust the tension bar extension transferred to the front vehicle. Another short square rigid dolly sub frame 2
6 is mounted on the underside of the frame 20 and connected by a turntable bearing 28 for relative rotation about the vertical steering detail 30. A laterally driven axle 32 carrying running wheels 34 is mounted on the underside of the secondary frame 26 to the rear of the steering axis 30 by an optional suspension system, and in this embodiment is attached to downwardly extending handles 36, 38 (the 2), it consists of a traction link 42 to which a spring 40 and an axle 32 are flanged. The suspension system uses spring 4
0 and a normal shock absorber (not shown) control mode to allow the wheels to move up and down, but when turning about the axis 30, the wheels are parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the dolly's secondary frame. Forced to run. In alternative embodiments, other types of suspension systems may be utilized without affecting the essential elements of the invention.

Dolly secondary frame 26 is maintained in a "straight ahead" position in which the longitudinal centerlines of dolly frame 20 and secondary frame 26 are parallel to each other;
It is then moved from this position under the control of the centering device. The centering device comprises a specially shaped cam member 44 fixed to the rear end of the dolly frame. The cam member 44 includes a cam surface 46 consisting of two symmetrical mirror image convex surfaces meeting at a central concave apex 48 and adapted to cooperate with a cam follower consisting of a roller 50. The roller 50 is mounted to rotate about a vertical axis 54 by a yoke 52, and the yoke 52 is fixed to the horizontal axis 56 of the subframe 26. /”-56 is pivoted about a vertical pivot 58 to one side member of the secondary frame 26 at one end;
The other end is constantly pressed forward by an air spring 60.1. The air suspension ring 60 is inserted between the bracket 62 and the bracket 62 of the other side member of the sub frame 26. Therefore, the cam driven roller 50 is
The wheels 34 are constantly pressed so that they are maintained at the lost point 48, and in this position, the wheels 34 are in a straight forward posture.

Each installation of the cam 44 and the cam driven roller 50 is shaped! can be reversed. That is, the cam 44 is attached to the sub frame 26 of the dolly, and the roller 50 is attached to the dolly frame 20.
Can be installed on.

As long as the wheel 34 travels "straight forward," it maintains the 1-straight-forward-J or center position, or the attitude of FIG. 2 with the cam roller 50 within the lost point 48. The centering device in this position provides a positive suspension force with a damping force, thereby counteracting and damping the tendency of the wheel to move or rock about the central position.

If the dolly travels around a curve of sufficiently small radius and the wheels are subjected to a force with a sideways component exceeding the size of the foot, the force of the air spring 60 will be overcome and the wheels will move from the center position to a suitable position. The steering position is determined by the internal pressure of the air spring 60 and the cam characteristics of the cam surface 46.

The wheels are therefore steered around the curve, assuming the attitude shown in diagram g2, for example, so that sideways rubbing of the wheels and wear of their tires is reduced, reducing the possibility of overturning the rear trailer. However, when the lateral force becomes smaller than the predetermined value due to the traction contour, the wheels quickly return to the neutral straight-ahead position and move straight ahead normally.
This return movement takes place with the aid of the forcing force of the centering device.

When reversing the trailer, the dolly's frame rubber 20 and sub-frame 26 are locked to each other to prevent them from pivoting. This is done by a controlled latch. The latch is engaged with the movable latch member 90 of the dolly sub-frame 26 when the wheel is in the straight forward position 1M. The latch member 90 is under a spring pressure force to engage the latch, and is held in the unlocked position by an air motor 92 for normal running.

It is important that the frame of the dolly is connected to the frame 64 of the front trailer in such a way that there is free pitching movement between the two trailers. However, the trailer is kept relatively stable and only a small amount of relative rotational movement is allowed. This is because the relative rotational motion renders the trailer unstable until it tips over or jackknifes.

Therefore, some degree of rotational movement is absorbed by the fifth wheel connection and the spring 40, and it is not a disadvantage even if some degree of rotational movement occurs.

To this end, a vertically opening loop 66 is provided at each end of two laterally spaced parallel view direction jaws 11 members of the frame 20 of the trolley; It is closedably opened vertically upwardly and is adapted to cooperate with an extending hook member 68, which hook member 68' is adapted to be hooked onto said loop 66. This hook hanger has 1 opening upwards.
This is a type in which the portion is closed by each latch member 70. Additionally, each hook is provided with a pneumatic force puller 2/jar 72 operated by an air motor 74 to engage the loop 66 during travel of the hook and to spring-press it against the inner wall of the hook. ``Chuck'' movement in the operator's direction between the loop and the loop is prevented.

Thus, the opening of the two connections allows the necessary pitching movement by pivoting about the horizontal axis, and the lateral spacing of the two connections eliminates the rolling movement 1, as described above. , a slight rotational movement of the solder is an OT function and is necessary. Due to this special structure, which uses a rigid transverse axle as the first, it can be easily retrofitted to apply this model to current trucks.
It is also possible to convert a conventional single draw-bob type fixed wheel dolly by using the conventional cable to the maximum extent possible. The dolly of the invention can be used to service more than two trailer trains, such as the second and third trailers of a "triple train".
Figure 5 shows the application of this special form of connection to a conventional transport dolly structure, where a steerable traveling A wheel 34 is attached to each kingpin 74 connected to the two ends of the axle 32. Each kingpin includes a stub axle to which a steering wheel is attached, and a forwardly projecting arm 76. The wheels are connected for simultaneous steering movements by a length-adjustable link 78 and a central T-shaped link member 80. The link member 80 forms part of the centering device of this embodiment. In addition, a straining member 82 is provided, which is connected to the link member 8.
0 and is forced forward in the direction of dolly movement by the air morph 8G.

In another embodiment not shown, each dolly includes another non-steerable wheel behind the steerable wheels to carry the load. , the small amount of rotation to be allowed is what is necessary to adapt to the undulations of the road. In the illustrated embodiment, the spacing between the two connections is typically about 75-87α
(30~341n,), which is about 2.5=5cr
Vertical movement of n (1 to 2 degrees) is possible, and the maximum rotation angle is about 7 degrees.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an inverted side view of a tractor tractor assembly and second trailer utilizing the dolly of the present invention between two trays; FIG. Figure 3 shows the centering device a used on the dolly in the central position. FIG. 3 is a block plan view of the dolly of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an inverted view of the dolly in FIG. 2, and FIG. Figure 5121 is a dolly of another form showing an example of the direct application of the present invention to another dolly; It is a plan view of 10... transportation dolly 20... dolly room 2
2...Fifth wheel connection part 34...Grounding vehicle 'IQ44
, 50... Centering device 66, 68.70... Connecting device patent IQ 1 person F. 0 IS Cali-3 夛2 (2), 3) 4, 1゛5 B Procedural Amendment IJ RU sum 58 GI [: U Month 2■ 2° departure BA ty) Name Self-piloted Dolly 3, person making amendment case Relationship with Patent Applicant Name: N., Lois Curry G., Hli Masa's Amendment to the Subject Proceedings June 9, 1980, Commissioner of the Patent Office, 4th Judge, Case 1 Indication: 1981 1 + Calyx Permit No. 046970 2
・Name of the invention Self-piloted dolly 3, Relationship with the person to be amended A'1 + fff Name N, Lois Curry ] 7. Contents of the amendment (1) Submit a letter of residence and a translation. (2) Submit all overpressure drawings (Figures p, i to 5).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) Dolly frame: The dolly frame is provided at the front end of the dolly frame, and the dolly frame is attached to the front of the vehicle. an apparatus for towing said dolly and a support vehicle, said coupling apparatus comprising a pair of laterally spaced couplings, said couplings releasably coupling said dolly frame to said dolly frame; Attach it to the frame of the front vehicle and freely connect it between the two frames. said coupling device which allows JJ, but does not create substantial rotational or rolling motion between the two frames; is attached to and attached to the tree frame and releasably connects the front end of said rear vehicle; a fifth wheel connection for receiving; at least two steerable ground-engaging wheels attached to the dolly frame and by which the dolly travels, the wheels being steerable by movement of the front vehicle away from a straight line; The grounding wheel (11) is mounted so as to perform a turning maneuver by a lateral thrust acting on the grounding wheel;
and a centering device connected between the dolly frame and the steerable grounding wheel to force the front 15-pin grounding wheel to a central straight forward attitude, and to freely release the rear vehicle to the front vehicle. 2) The releasable coupling device is a pair of laterally spaced loose members that connect to the upper vessel and are attached to one of the frames and extend longitudinally therefrom. A roots member extending in one direction and a roots member attached to the other side of the frame in the lateral direction? hook members spaced apart from each other, each of the hook members being hooked to each of the loop members to connect the dolly frame to a frame of the front vehicle, and to connect the dolly frame to the frame of the front vehicle so that the free pitch/ Claim 1
Transport dolly as described in section. 3) the releasable coupling device comprises a pair of laterally spaced upwardly opening loop members attached to and extending longitudinally from the front end of the dolly frame; and hook members that are attached to the front vehicle and are spaced apart laterally and open upward, and each of the hook members is hooked to one part of the valley loop to attach the dolly frame to the frame of the front vehicle. Claim 1, wherein the frame is connected to the frame to allow the free pinching movement between the two frames, and also to prevent substantial rotational or rocking movement between the two frames. Transport dolly as described in section. 4) each of the hook members includes a latch member that closes the opening and a plunger that receives a spring force;
A patent claim in which the plunger engages with a loop hooked by a hook member on the previous day to prevent rattling in the longitudinal direction between the engaged loop and the hook member. The transportation dolly according to item 2 or item 3 of the scope of the invention. 5) a dolly axle; a spring suspension device connected to the dolly frame and the dolly axle to allow the dolly axle to be mounted on the dolly frame; a spring suspension device attached to the dolly axle through one king pin at each end, each king pinot axle; two stub axles for maneuvering around the center; at least two steerable ground wheels each attached to one of the stub axles; connecting the stub axles to each axis by means of the lateral thrust; a linkage device for simultaneous pivoting maneuvering motion around the vehicle, the centering device being coupled between the pivoting device and the dolly frame to force the steerable grounding wheels into a center straight forward orientation; The transport trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: the link device configured to be 6) A sub-frame of the dolly that is attached to the lower part of the dolly frame by a turntable bearing and rotates the steering pivot once around each vertical steering pivot axis of the turntable bearing: the at least two steering i
a dolly axle to which a capable grounding vehicle Fufu is attached; and the dolly sub-frame and the front h-bitley vehicle +1Il11
a spring suspension device connected to the dolly car and attached to the dolly sub-frame; The centering device is the DRIEFLE=!・And the dolly i+j frame is concatenated with i1, C,'l&claims th! , +i1 to the transport dolly according to any one of the second items. 7) A dolly sub-frame attached to the underside of the front dolly frame by a turntable bearing and having a steering pivot rotated around each vertical steering pivot axis of said turntable bearing; said at least two steerable sub-frames; a dolly axle to which a grounding wheel is attached; and a spring suspension device connected between the dolly subframe and the dolly axle to attach the dolly axle to the dolly subframe; The central metal locking device is connected between the frame and the dolly sub-frame, and includes a first cam member and a second cam member, and the first cam member is attached to one of the dolly frame and the dolly sub-frame. , both of which are movable, and a second cam member is attached to said dolly frame and the other of the dolly frame and is movable therewith, and both of these cam members are cooperating with said dolly. a cam member centered on the secondary plate is adapted to force a cam member into a lateral position corresponding to the centered orientation of the steerable ground wheel; A transportation dolly according to any of claims 1 to 2-J, comprising a motor device for cam-locking a cam member to the other cam member. 8) Turntable + 1Xil support J: sf:fT i
It is attached to the underside of the three-bow dolly frame, and around each vertical steering pivot axis of the turntable bearing (
a dolly sub-frame on which the steering pivot rotates; a dolly axle to which at least two steerable grounding rods are attached; and a dolly sub-frame and the dolly axle connected between the dolly sub-frame and the dolly sub-frame to connect the dolly axle to the dolly sub-frame; 1/- spring mounted on the frame; and the centering device is connected between the dolly frame and the dolly sub-frame, and the centering device is connected to the first cam member and the second cam member. a cam member, the first cam member being mounted to and movable with the dolly frame and having two symmetrical mirror-image convex cam surfaces, the cam surfaces meeting apically to form a trolley secondary. Determine the straight forward posture of the frame and steerable ground wheels 1).
The second cut member is attached to the dolly sub-frame (), and is adapted to move together with it and in parallel to the direction (b) of the toe (l'I); and The cam follower that cooperates with the cam member is I, I76E2.1
1. The force driven member is held on its cam surface and the first cam member is moved to a lateral position corresponding to the above-mentioned middle upper and combined straight forward attitude of the steerable ground wheel. and a motor device a that is held by the dolly sub-frame and that forces the cam follower to cam engage with the cam surface of the first cam member. Any one of the ranges 1 to 3 ((transport dolly as described above).