JPS59166158A - Dialytic membrane - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dialysis membrane that has selective solute permeability. This invention relates to a dialysis membrane that selectively permeates solutes in blood.

The spread of artificial kidney treatment has saved the lives of many patients suffering from uremia, but there is no problem with the current treatment (there is no problem).One of the most important and serious problems is dialysis-related symptoms. The question is how to prevent this from occurring.

A report by Mion et al. (Mloll, C.M.,
l raf)s.

Amer, 3oc, Artif, Int, (
) rgans, 10:110-113.19
64), it is also possible to use picarbonate dialysate instead of acetate dialysate, which has become popular due to its ease of use. This is an attempt to prevent the occurrence of such symptoms and provide a comfortable treatment for J stiffness.

Picarbonate ions exist in living organisms that play a role in maintaining acid-base balance, but when acetate dialysate is used, due to a diffusion phenomenon due to concentration differences, picarbonate ions in blood are removed from dialysis. The acetate ions will flow out into the liquid, and conversely, the acetate ions will enter the blood through a similar diffusion phenomenon.

Acetate ions that enter the human body (mainly metabolized into CO2 and H2O, which form picarbonate ions and try to replenish lost picarbonate ions and correct acid-base balance) If the outflow velocity of the picarbonate ion is small and there is a suitable balance with the velocity of the acetate ion, it may not be a problem. When the kidneys were improved and became more efficient,
The outflow rate of bicarbonate ions is too slow, and the metabolism of acede-1~ is 11 (rapid, ale-1~
Accumulation in the body increases, and patients' acid-base balance begins to collapse frequently. Patients undergoing dialysis who develop this condition may experience a drop in blood pressure, numbness in their limbs, tingling in their feet,
The so-called dialysis imbalance syndrome, which includes headaches, abdominal pain, dizziness, and vomiting, is more likely to occur.

For people who are prone to such symptoms, acetate-1-
It is beginning to be said that the symptoms can be significantly alleviated by replacing it with picarbonate. However, when using picarbonate, calcium 1 coexisting in the dialysate
There is a very troublesome problem in that insoluble salt crystals of cum ions and magnesium ions precipitate. To solve this problem, complicated and expensive machinery is required, as well as a time-consuming operation method, which increases the labor and expense burden. Due to these circumstances, there are some aspects to which it is difficult to easily make an impact on dialysis. Generally high-performance person 1] An indicator of the solute permeability of the kidney and a representative of the products (J urea, which represents the permeability of the kidney and the most important size 1j' j I;:ldo4
There are r-C. The effective area of the artificial kidney used in general hemodialysis is increased by increasing the permeability of urea by making it a membrane. The ratio increases to the same + t7.

When determining this permeability ratio experimentally, we found that the permeability ratio of Byker small nails to urea is determined by the thickness, effective area, and hollow fiber of the dialysis membrane used in the artificial kidney. In the case of a quib, there may be some variation depending on its inner diameter etc.
It turns out that there is a certain ratio (゛).

The present inventors have solved this situation by suppressing the permeability of picarbonate ions as much as possible even if the performance is improved. As a result of careful consideration in order to create a dialysis membrane that has a level of performance that has not yet been developed, we found that by using a white film with a high membrane potential in the membrane layer, urea and bicarbonate ions could be produced. They found that the ratio of j4 transients in the membrane can be significantly reduced compared to that using a synthetic membrane with a low membrane potential.

In other words, the present invention is KCJ! Dialysis using an anionic group-containing synthetic membrane having a potential of 10 mV or more is applied to 1)Q.

The membrane potential referred to in the present invention C is referred to in "Membranes and Ions 1" by Tetsuya Hana.
(Chemistry doujin) P, 245 and Yamabe Sobe/Imohi'-?
Jt Loki "Ion Exchange Resin Membrane" Ku Gihodo) Fn, 22
K C, I! described in 4. This refers to the evaluation based on the basic concept of membrane potential using the method, and an outline of the measurement method is shown below. Fig. 1 (As explained in accordance with the schematic diagram of the measuring device shown here, about 30 hollow fibers are bundled together using a sample '1' with a length of 11 and an effective length of 5.
Fix the bodding on both ends leaving a cm, and let the fluid pass through the inside of the hollow fiber. A silicone tube with an inner diameter of 1 mm was connected to one end of the tube, and the other end of the tube was immersed in a 1/ION K Cf aqueous solution. Ru. A one-way tube is connected to the upper end of the lean sol, and this is connected to the upper end of the lean sol by a micro-adjustment bonder 8 for about 4 hours/hour.
Aspirate at a flow rate of min, and discard the liquid that flows out from the (l!!) end of the chinobu.
100NKC, e with aqueous solution C, flowing in a hollow system 1
/l0NK(, eIf ion or C permeates due to the concentration difference between the aqueous solution and the aqueous solution, ions and Ci ions permeate equally in the phaseless membrane, so no membrane potential is generated, but the charge There is a difference in permeability between ions and 0°C ions in the Hatake membrane, and this difference generates a potential.At this time, 6
Since the influence of stirring the liquid is large, the stirring rod should be used for approximately 30 Or
, D, m (the generation of bubbles is undesirable, so just before that is J). 6 and 5 are connected to the 'Cf saturated aqueous solution 7 by a salt bridge 2,
KCf sweet electrode (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.,
Sleeve type, #2630-05 T) 3 d';
and 4 to a potentiometer, 3 to the positive terminal, and 4 to the negative terminal (thus, the membrane potential of the hollow fiber can be measured. Each aqueous solution should be about 200 d.

When measuring the membrane potential under these conditions, if you include 1/1 ON KCI, the
i', i Since the small value may change in 11 times,
It is best to use the value after about 10 minutes. Note that the membrane potential of the present invention (31, as described above, 1.
, + (7) to the positive terminal, high opening degree to the negative terminal, - line 1/100NKC! , the aqueous solution side is connected to the positive terminal, 1/1 ON K C,g the aqueous solution side is connected to the negative terminal, and the potential at 1 is measured.

If this is connected in reverse, the membrane potential of the present invention &, t:,
'Measured as a negative value.

When using KCl measured in this manner, the membrane potential showing a membrane potential of 10111 V or more can significantly reduce the permeability ratio of bicarbonate ions to urea, and the present invention Although the purpose of
Further, if the voltage is set to 15 mV or more, the effect will be even more effective.
Most preferably it is 20 mV or more. The membrane potential of 10 mV here refers to the commercially available xerulose hollow fiber membrane (EN
Since the KA dialysis membrane accepts 3 to 4 mV, this is approximately three times as high. The relationship between the membrane potential and the permeability ratio of picarbonate ions to urea is influenced by structural changes in the direction of permeation of water and solutes, so-called anisotropy, so the process of membrane formation is largely responsible (
Of course, this cannot be included, and the effect of the high membrane potential in the present invention, which reduces the permeability ratio of picarbonate ions to urea, is due to the fact that hollow fibers (which are applicable only to these, and are used in general hemodialysis) The membrane-like A9 coil-like thing is not included in Sea 1.

The method for evaluating membrane permeability in the present invention may be Tiarisance, which is generally used to evaluate the performance of kidneys, but it can be summarized as follows. CB1 shows the concentration of certain solutes in the blood side of the human kidney.
, the outlet concentration is CBo', the dialysate inlet side of the dialysate is CD1, the inlet flow width on the blood side of the artificial kidney is Ql, l, and the outlet flow 4X is Qllo. Permeability is calculated by dividing the dialysance of picarbonate ions by the dialysance of urea, or the permeation of bicarbonate ions relative to urea! It is the ratio of l. Diary release depends on the flow rate of the blood side solution and the Ij side solution flow rate, so the comparison of membrane permeability was evaluated under the same measurement conditions.

The anionic group-containing synthetic membrane referred to in the present invention may be of any type as long as it has a predetermined membrane potential and is not cellulose-based. Examples include monomers, polymethyl methacrylate 1, polycarbonate 1, and polyester, and the most preferred is polymethyl methacrylate 1. The membrane potential in the present invention is 1! ? The type of anionic group to be introduced to increase the predetermined membrane potential by 1g does not matter; however, specific examples of the number of groups include carboxyl groups, sultuin 143, sulfonic acid groups, etc. Examples include ion-containing acid groups, phosphorus-containing acid groups such as 11\sulfuric acid groups and bosphic acid groups, and various salts thereof or various quaternary)' ammonium salts. The introduction M of anionic groups to obtain a predetermined membrane potential varies somewhat depending on the type of anionic group, and if it is 0.5-El% and 11 minutes, it is 1.0mol%. Although some of the above requirements are necessary, in any case, the most important requirement is to obtain a predetermined membrane potential.

Synthetic I+ with high membrane potential of the present invention? ! J. Rinaru's dialysis membrane has potential applications in areas other than human kidneys.

Next, the effects of the present invention will be explained using the first series of ζ implementations.

Example 1 The content of sodium ballastrene sulfonate was 3.35 mol%, and the weight average molecular weight was 8. ○×10'-') M M
Isotaxicity: 93%, weight average molecular weight: 6. I x 10a 1 no MMA379 0M
71[] to S05767, 1 to 110"C ('l
After stirring and dissolving for ll'i, leave it still 1111! Bubble to prepare a spinning dope with a porin opening of 28%. Hollow fiber Ri is produced by dry-wet spinning the stock solution using a hollow fiber spinneret.
was manufactured. Hollow fiber dimensions (j inner diameter 243μ, membrane J!L
j It was 41μC. Put this thread into 307, put it into the crow tube, and ink both ends with 'fA l: l'+
! A module was prepared in which the solution on the blood side flows inside the hollow fiber and the solution on the dialysate side flows outside the hollow fiber. The excess coefficient measured with this amount of water is 4.5 ml/hr・m2・Ml-IJ
Met. The membrane permeability of urea and picarbonate Δn is determined by adding urea to the level of chronic dialysis patients to the dialysate side. 4) Liquid i was poured and measured using method 4) described in the text. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 Using the same method as in Example 1, hollow fibers with a content of sodium parastyrene sulfonate of 1.3 sil 96 (J) were obtained, and the membrane permeability measured using the same method is shown in Table 1. It was shown to.

Example 3 Using the same method as in Example 1, a hollow fiber was obtained in which the content of sodium ballastrene sulfonate was 0.7 mol%. Table 1
It was shown to.

Example 4 A copolymer consisting of 97 mol % of acryloni-1-lyl, 2 mol % of methyl acrylate, and 1 mol % of methylylsulfur 14/sodium phosphate was dissolved in dimethyl sulfate small oxide, and a spinning material d with a polymer concentration of 26.5% was prepared. Adjusted ㅅ. A medium-sized thread was produced by injecting isopropyl myristate into the core using a core-shaped hollow fiber I-metal, and applying the stock solution to a wet-dry yarn barrier.

The hollow fiber method has an inner diameter of 240μ and a membrane of 1f30μ,
This yarn was made into a joule in the same manner as in Example 1. The membrane permeability of urea and picarbonate 1~ ions is actually I#i@
The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 For comparison, a hollow fiber containing no refractory 1-lium parastyrene sulfone was produced in the same method C as in Example 1, and the membrane permeation 1' measured in the same manner is shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 For comparison, a commercially available Lerulose hollow fiber membrane (dialysis membrane manufactured by ENKA) was subjected to the same method as in Example 1.
: converted into joules and measured in the same manner as 7'Cil&! j
The Δ transients are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 As is clear from the results in Table 1, a module that exhibits a high membrane potential by introducing anine "Nmohe" can suppress the membrane permeability of Piker-1 to I-A to urea to a low level. Shown-C.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 (j Concentration film electrode f using potassium chloride of the present invention)
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a measuring device of No. 7; 1...Sample? ...Shiobashi 3...K Cf! ,'L1'' ]゛electrode 4...
...KC,e tj: 11 electrodes]...
1/ION K G 6 Water bath liquid 6...1/1
00N K C in aqueous solution 7... K C, e Saturated aqueous solution 8... Fine adjustment Bonzo 9... Stirring bar

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Toru 1711 made of an anionic synthetic membrane with a concentration membrane potential of 10 mV or more using potassium chloride! .