JPS5916613B2 - crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crusher that holds concrete or the like between a pair of crushing arms and drives both crushing arms with a hydraulic cylinder to forcefully press and crush the concrete.

In such a crusher, a large hydraulic pressure may be applied to increase the crushing force, but it is not preferable to constantly apply a large hydraulic pressure from the viewpoint of work efficiency and power consumption.

In other words, when generating high pressure using the same power,
Since the flow rate is smaller than when the pressure is low, the operating speed of cylinders etc. is slower than when the pressure is low.

In consideration of the above-mentioned problems, this invention is designed to quickly crush materials that are easy to crush under relatively low pressure, and to crush materials that are difficult to crush using high pressure.

The details of this invention will be explained below based on the accompanying drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, F is a frame, and a pair of crushing arms 2.3 are rotatably attached to the front part between both side plates 1 of this frame F by arm pins 45. are connected by a link 6 so as to be openable and closable.

C is a hydraulic cylinder provided within the frame F, and the mounting shafts 7 on both sides of the front part thereof are rotatably attached to bearings on both side plates 1, so that the cylinder C can freely rotate around the shaft 7. .

A piston rod 8 projecting from the tip of the cylinder C is rotatably connected to a lever 9 projecting rearward of the crushing arm 2 by a cylinder pin 10.

The hydraulic cylinder C consists of a main cylinder 1 and an auxiliary cylinder 2, as shown in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

That is, the auxiliary cylinder 2 is fixed to the rear part of the main cylinder 1 via an end plate 13, and the end plate 13 is provided with an opening 14 having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the auxiliary cylinder 2.

15 is a piston fitted in the main cylinder 1, and the piston rod 8 is fixed to this piston 15.

A piston 16 is fitted into the auxiliary cylinder 2, and a plunger 17 that is slidably fitted into the opening 14 is integrally provided at the front of the piston 16.

FIG. 4 shows the hydraulic circuit of the first embodiment.

In this figure, 21 is an electromagnetic switching valve, the P port and T port of this switching valve 21 are connected to the pump 22 and the oil tank 23, respectively, and the A port is connected to the A0 port leading to the rear chamber of the main cylinder 1 and the auxiliary cylinder. A leading to the rear chamber of 2
A sequence valve 24 is provided between the A port and the A2 port.

This sequence valve 24 opens when the oil pressure on the A port side reaches a high pressure, for example, 280 kg/ffl.

The B port of the switching valve 21 is communicated with the B1 port communicating with the front chamber of the main cylinder 1 and the B2 port communicating with the front chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 2, and a sequence valve 25 is also provided between the B port and the B1 port.

This sequence valve 25 also has a power of 280 ky/cf in the embodiment.
It is set to fl.

Additionally, a pilot operated check valve 26 is provided between the A port and the A1 port.This valve 26 allows free flow to the A port A1 hoard, and prevents backflow when the pressure at the B port reaches the operating pressure of the pilot operated check valve 26. It is permissible.

Although the crusher of the present invention has the above-described structure, the auxiliary cylinder 2 may be installed separately from the main cylinder 1 at an appropriate location and connected to the main cylinder 1 with a hydraulic hose.

The operating principle will be described based on FIG. 4. When the electromagnetic switching valve 21 is in the neutral position and the piston rod 8 and plunger 17 are retracted, both crushing arms 2 and 3 are opened as shown in FIG. ing.

In this state, when the switching valve 21 is switched to the left, the oil pressure from the pump 22 is changed from the P port to the A port to the check valve 2.
The oil in the front chamber of the main cylinder 1 flows from the B1 port to the check valve of the sequence valve 25 to the B port to the T port and returns to the tank 23. .

Therefore, the piston 15 moves forward and rotates the crushing arm 2 inwardly by its piston rod 8, and also rotates the crushing arm 3 inwardly via the link 6, crushing the concrete etc. sandwiched between both arms 23.

However, if the concrete or the like cannot be crushed due to the action of the main cylinder 1, the piston 15 will stop mid-advance, but the pump 22 will continue to operate, so the oil pressure at the A port will rise rapidly, and in the case of the embodiment, Oil pressure is 280 Jl
Cy! When the temperature reaches 1, the sequence valve 24 opens and high pressure oil flows into the rear chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 2 from the A2 port.

At this time, the B2 port leading to the front chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 2 is connected to the oil tank 23 via the B port of the switching valve 21 and the T port.
Since the oil in the front chamber of the piston 16 in the auxiliary cylinder 2 can be freely discharged.

Further, the hydraulic pressure in the rear chamber of the main cylinder 11 is applied to the front end of the plunger 17, but since the diameter of the plunger 17 is smaller than the diameter of the piston 16, the hydraulic pressure that pushes the piston 16 is equal to the difference in cross-sectional area of each plunger. As a result, the plunger 17 is moved forward, and the hydraulic pressure in the rear chamber of the piston 15 is equal to that of the piston 1.
The pressure is increased by the ratio of the cross-sectional area of 6 and the cross-sectional area of plunger 17.

In the case of the example, the oil pressure in the rear chamber of the piston 15 is 280 kg.
Since the plunger 17 starts moving forward at /crA, if the ratio of the cross-sectional area is 2, the oil pressure in the rear chamber of the piston 15 is 2×28
0-560 Yu/criL.

However, since the auxiliary cylinder 12 is small and the stroke of the piston 16 is short, one stroke may not be sufficient.

In such a case, repeat the operation of moving the piston 16 forward, switching the switching valve 21 to the right to temporarily move the piston 16 backward, and then immediately switching the switching valve 21 to the left to move the piston 16 forward again. Therefore, it is necessary to gradually advance the piston 15 with high oil pressure.

That is, after the piston 16 moves forward as described above, when the switching valve 21 is switched to the right and the P port is switched to the B port and the T port is switched to the A port, the pressure oil from the pump 22 becomes P.
The flow is port → B port → B2 port, and A2 port is A
It communicates with the oil tank 23 via the port and T port.

Therefore, the rear chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 12 is connected to the tank 23 through the check valve in the sequence valve 24, and the oil pressure rapidly decreases.The front part of the auxiliary cylinder 12 receives oil pressure from the pump 22, so the piston 16 is temporarily moved. fall back.

At this time, oil pressure is also applied to the sequence valve 25, but since the piston 16 is retracted, the oil pressure does not reach the pressure that activates the sequence valve 25, and the check valve 26 is also closed, so only the piston 16 is retracted.

After retracting the piston 16 in this way, the switching valve 2 immediately
1 to the left, the piston 16 moves forward again.

Repeat this operation until the concrete is crushed.

After the concrete etc. is crushed in this way, the switching valve 21
When the piston 1'6 in the auxiliary cylinder 12 moves back to the right and maintains this state, the piston 1'6 in the auxiliary cylinder 12 moves back and reaches the stroke end, and when the oil pressure in the B port reaches the set pressure of the sequence valve 25, the sequence valve 26 At the same time, the check valve 26 also opens and the A1 port is connected to the A port and T port of the switching valve 21.
The oil is connected to the oil tank 23 through the port, and the oil is supplied to the sequence valve 2.
5 and flows into the front chamber of the main cylinder 11 from the B1 port, so the piston 15 and the piston rod 8 retreat, and the crushing arms 2 and 3 return to the state shown in FIG. 1 and open.

Next, a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 6 will be described.

In this embodiment, only the sequence valve 24 on the auxiliary cylinder 12 side is used, and the sequence valve and pilot-operated check valve on the main cylinder 11 side are omitted.

Further, in this embodiment, a circumferential groove 27 is provided in the center of the opening 14, an A1 port is provided in this circumferential groove 27, a packing 28 is attached to the circumferential grooves provided before and after the circumferential groove 27, and the main cylinder 11 and the auxiliary cylinder 12 are The B1 port and B2 port of the switch valve 2
1, and the A1 port is connected to the switching valve 21.
The sequence valve 24 is connected between the A2 port and the A port as in FIG.

In the above embodiment, when the switching valve 21 is switched to the left,
The hydraulic pressure from the pump 22 flows from port P to port A, enters the circumferential groove 27, passes through the opening 14, and enters the main cylinder 1.
Hydraulic pressure is applied to the rear chamber of main cylinder 11, and the oil in the front chamber of main cylinder 11 is B.
□Flows from port → B port → T port and returns to tank 23.

For this reason, the piston 15 moves forward and operates the crushing arm to crush the colito and the like.

However, if crushing is not possible due to the action of the main cylinder 11 alone and the piston 15 stops midway, the pressure at the A port will rise rapidly, and when the pressure reaches, for example, 2s o Hycrlt, the sequence valve 24 will open and the high pressure oil will be released. flows into the rear chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 12.

At this time, the oil in the front chamber of the auxiliary cylinder 12 is in a state where it can return to the tank 23 via the B2 port, the B port, and the T port.

Further, the hydraulic pressure in the rear chamber of the main cylinder 11 is applied to the front end of the plunger 17, but since the diameter of the plunger 17 is smaller than the diameter of the piston 16, the piston 16 and the plunger 17 move forward as in the first embodiment. , the piston 15 is pushed with the increased hydraulic pressure.

In this way, when the plunger 17 moves forward, the circumferential groove 27 is closed by the plunger 17, preventing hydraulic pressure from escaping to the A□ port.

After breaking the concrete etc. with the above operation,
If you switch 1 to the right, A1 port and A2 port are tank 2.
3, B1 port and B2 port lead to Pon 22,
Each piston 15,16 returns.

As mentioned above, this invention can efficiently crush objects that are relatively easy to crush by simply moving the piston 15 in the main cylinder 11 back and forth. Because it generates a lot of energy, even a small pump can crush concrete and other materials efficiently, and it can also exert a large crushing force when necessary.

In addition, the auxiliary cylinder operates only when necessary.
Since it is small, it can be easily accommodated within a frame.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the crusher of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the same (side view), and Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the first embodiment of the hydraulic cylinder used in the above Fig. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram, Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a second embodiment of the hydraulic cylinder, and Fig. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the same as above. 2.3... Crushing arm, 6 ...Link, 8...Piston rod, 11...Main cylinder, 14...Opening, 15.16...
Piston, 17... Plunger, 21...
...Solenoid switching valve, 22...Pump, 23...
... Oil tank, 24 ... Sequence valve, C.
...Hydraulic cylinder, F...Frame.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consists of a pair of crushing arms that are rotatably attached to both ends of the front part of the frame, a link that connects these arms so that they can be opened and closed, and a hydraulic cylinder that is rotatably attached to the frame to open and close the crushing arms. The hydraulic cylinder communicates with a main cylinder having a piston rod connected to the crushing arm and the rear of the main cylinder, and is activated when the hydraulic pressure applied in the main cylinder rises to a certain pressure to further increase the hydraulic pressure in the main cylinder. A crusher characterized in that it consists of a piston and an auxiliary cylinder with a plunger.