JPS5916603Y2 - ball valve - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention has a structure in which a spherical valve element is built into the main body via a packing, and the fluid is controlled by making the fluid passage hole provided in the valve element coincide with or intersect with the fluid passage. This invention relates to improvements to ball valves.

This type of ball valve is mainly used in high-pressure fluid pipelines, and is opened and closed by manual or electric operation.

As shown in Fig. 1, the structure of a conventional ball valve is that a valve body 4' having a fluid passage hole 4-1' in the center is inserted into a main body through a ring-shaped packing 6', and one side of the main body is inserted into the main body through a ring-shaped packing 6'. It has a structure in which a lid 8' having a piping hole 2' is tightened and sealed via a spring 7', and a valve stem 5 is rotatably fitted into the main body 1' via a packing 6'' and a snap ring 6''. ' is rotated by a valve body operating lever 10'.

That is, the conventional ball valve has a structure in which leakage is prevented by tightening ring-shaped packings 6' fitted on both sides of the valve body 4' with a lid 8' from one side of the piping hole.

However, in such a structure, the contact area between the valve body 4' and the ring-shaped packing 6' is small, so in order to completely prevent leakage, the sphericity of the valve body 4' must be increased, and the lid 8' and the spring 7' must be strongly tightened.

However, when this method is used, the valve body 4' is inevitably
The rotational torque of the valve increases, and a large amount of force is required to open and close the valve.

Further, the wear of the valve body 4' and the packing 6' is significant, and force is required to tighten them in anticipation of this wear.

Furthermore, each time the gasket, spring, etc. are replaced, or the tightening force is adjusted, the piping connected to the lid 8' must be removed, which is wasteful and inconvenient.

In addition, in the case of this type of ball valve, when the valve body 4' is rotated in a direction of about 45 degrees, a part of the fluid passage hole 4-1' of the valve body opens between the ring-shaped packings 6' on both sides. There is a risk that pressure may enter the space housing the valve body and leak from the valve stem 5' side, so this valve stem side also needs to be sealed.
A ring-shaped packing 6'' is inserted.

This ring-shaped packing, like the sealing portion of the valve body, not only has a high risk of leakage due to wear, but also serves as an element that hinders smooth valve opening and closing operations.

The technical challenges of this invention were to reduce the force required to tighten the gasket that surrounds the valve body, making it easier to open and close the valve, to replace the gasket and spring without removing the piping, and to tighten the gasket using less force. The purpose is to make the adjustment possible, and to create a perfect seal so that there is no pressure leakage to the valve stem even if the valve body is rotated in a 45° direction.

The technical means taken to achieve the above technical problem is that a spherical valve element is built into the main body via a packing, and the fluid passage hole provided in the valve element is aligned with or intersects with the fluid passage. In a ball valve with a control structure,
The valve body, which is integrated with the valve stem, is fitted into the main body, which has piping holes at both ends and a valve body inlet/outlet that opens perpendicularly to the fluid passageway, in the lower center so that it can be taken in and out at right angles to the fluid passageway. At the same time, the valve body is surrounded by a halved cylindrical packing formed by diagonally dividing a cylindrical sealing material having an opening at the top and bottom and a plurality of fluid passage holes in the peripheral wall into two halves of the same shape on the top and bottom. ,
The nut is tightened by force via a compression spring interposed between a collar provided at the lower end of the valve stem outer cylinder that is slidably fitted onto the valve stem and a nut that closes the valve body insertion/extraction port. A nut with a flange that can be engaged with the tip of a valve body actuating lever mounted on the upper part of the valve stem is screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder, and the valve body actuating lever is attached to the valve stem outer cylinder. It is attached to the fitted fulcrum metal fitting so that it can move vertically via a bolt, and a return spring inserted between it and the fulcrum metal fitting constantly applies an upward pressing force to hold it horizontally, and the valve body is activated. By pushing the lever downward against the compression spring, the valve stem outer cylinder is slightly raised via the flanged nut, thereby relieving the pressure on the packing.

According to the above technical means, the nut screwed into the valve body insertion/exit opening provided in the center of the main body is tightened against the compression spring interposed between the nut and the flange provided at the lower end of the valve stem outer cylinder. As a result, the lower seal is pressed against the bottom of the main body and the hole wall by the valve body, and the upper seal is pressed against the valve body by the collar of the valve stem outer cylinder and is in full contact with the valve body, and the cylindrical packing surrounding the valve body is pressed through a compression spring, so simply by slightly raising the valve stem outer cylinder, the pressing force of the cylindrical packing against the valve body can be relaxed and the rotational torque of the valve body can be reduced, making it possible to open and close the valve. Easy to operate.

Furthermore, since the valve element can be inserted and removed through a hole separate from the fluid passage hole, the gasket and spring can be replaced without removing the piping, and the tightening force of the gasket can be easily adjusted.

Further, since the entire circumference of the valve body is sealed by the halved cylindrical packing, there is no leakage of pressure toward the valve stem even when the valve body is rotated in a 45° direction, and complete sealing is achieved.

Since this invention has the above configuration, it has the following unique effects.

■ The valve body, which is integrated with the valve stem that is inserted through the valve body insertion/extraction port provided in the center of the main body, is sealed around the entire circumference of the valve body with a two-split cylindrical packing. The packing is strongly pressed down by the pressure of the compression spring interposed between the attached nut and the flange provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder of the nut valve stem, so that it is in a completely sealed state.

■ The valve body uses a fulcrum fitting externally fitted and fixed to the valve stem outer cylinder as a fulcrum to move the valve body operating lever, which engages with the flange of a flanged nut screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder, between the fulcrum metal fitting and the valve body. The valve stem is pressed downward against a return spring interposed between the actuating lever and a compression spring interposed between the nut screwed into the valve body inlet/outlet and the flange at the lower end of the valve stem outer cylinder. Since the outer cylinder is pulled up and the pressing force of the cylindrical packing is relaxed, it can be easily rotated.

■ When rotating the valve body, attach the valve stem that is integrated with the valve body.
By operating the valve actuating lever provided through the valve stem outer cylinder, the valve body restraining force of the cylindrical packing can be weakened, so that wear of the cylindrical packing and the valve body is significantly reduced.

Next, this invention will be explained based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

As shown in Fig. 2, this device has piping holes 2.2 at both ends and a valve body insertion/extraction opening 3 opening at right angles to the fluid passage in the center to form a main body 1. Insert the valve body 4, which is integrally constructed with the valve body, through the valve body inlet/outlet 3, and insert the two-split cylindrical packing 6, which is shown enlarged in FIG.
The valve body 4 is surrounded by the valve body 4.

This packing has an opening 6-1 at the top and bottom, and a cylindrical sealing material having a plurality of fluid passage holes 6-2 (four holes are illustrated in the drawing) on the peripheral wall, for example, at an angle of 45 degrees in the same shape up and down. It is formed in one piece, and the main material used is Teflon, which has excellent low temperature, high temperature, and chemical resistance, as before.

The cut edges should overlap.

This cylindrical packing 6 is held down by a collar 7-1 provided at the lower end of a valve stem outer cylinder 7 which is slidably fitted onto the valve stem 5.

As a means for this, a nut 8 screwed into the valve body insertion/extraction eye 3 is used.
By interposing a compression spring 9 between the flange 7-1 and the flange 7-1, and tightening the nut 8, the lower seal is pressed against the bottom of the main body and the hole wall by the valve body 4, and the upper seal is pressed against the flange of the valve stem outer cylinder. 7-1 so as to be pressed against the valve body 4 and brought into close contact with the entire surface.

In this case, since the cylindrical packing 6 is pressed through the compression spring 9, the pressing force of the cylindrical packing 6 against the valve body 4 can be reduced by simply raising the valve stem outer cylinder 7 slightly against the compression spring 9. By loosening it, the rotational torque of the valve body 4 can be reduced.

To raise the valve stem outer cylinder 7, a flanged nut 7-2 is screwed onto the upper part of the outer cylinder, and the tip of the valve body operating lever 10 engages with the flanged part of the nut from below. The actuating lever is fitted onto the valve stem 5 so that the lever is fitted onto the valve stem 5, and the tip of the lever is supported at the fulcrum 11-1 of the fulcrum fitting 11 which is externally fitted and fixed to the valve stem outer cylinder 7, and the fulcrum fitting 11 A bolt 12 that has passed through one end is screwed onto the valve body actuating lever 10 with a return spring 13 interposed therebetween to support the actuating lever horizontally, and push the actuating lever downward against the return spring 13. By lowering the operating lever, the tip of the operating lever engages with the flange of the flanged nut 7-2, and when the operating lever is further pushed down against the compression spring 9, the valve stem outer cylinder 7 is pulled up and the seal 6 is pulled up. The mechanism is such that the pressing force can be relaxed.

The degree of loosening of this packing pressing force can be adjusted by a stopper 37 provided on the fulcrum fitting 11.

Reference numeral 38 indicates a locking nut for the nut 8, and reference numeral 32 indicates a packing locking pin.

As a means for pulling up the valve stem outer cylinder 7 by a small amount, other than the mechanism shown in FIG. 2, for example, as shown in FIG.
A piece-shaped lever 14 is engaged with a flanged nut 7-2 screwed onto the nut 7-2 via a steel ball 15 so that the nut can be pushed up from below.By pressing one end of the lever downward, the steel ball 15 The flanged nut 7-2 is pivoted to the valve stem 5 by a fulcrum pin 16 so as to be pushed up through the fulcrum pin 1.
6 and the flanged nut 7-2, the end of the valve body operating lever 10-1 is equipped with a bolt to push down the lever.
The shaped lever 7 is pivotally mounted on a shaft 19 so as to be tiltable so as to straddle the end of the hook-shaped lever 14, and by rotating the shaped lever upward, the push-down bolt 18 The end of the valve body operating lever 10-1 is pressed downward, and the valve stem outer cylinder 7
A mechanism can be used in which the flanged nut 7-2 screwed onto is pushed up.

Note that the portion of the piece-shaped lever 14 that engages with the flanged nut 7-2 is formed into a fork shape.

5 and 6 show another embodiment of a means for lifting the valve stem outer cylinder 7 by a small amount; Outer cylinder 7
A push-up lever 22 for pushing up the flanged nut 7-2 screwed onto the bolt 7-2 from below is pivotally mounted on a support shaft 23.

The tip of this push-up lever 22 is divided into two parts as shown in the figure, and each tip is attached to the flanged nut 7-2 via a push-up bolt 24 so as to be engaged with the flanged nut 7-2 from below.

The plywood 26 is fixed to the frame 20 via a push-down bolt 25 erected at the other end of the push-up lever 22.
By pressing the push-up lever 22 downward by an electromagnet 27 provided in the valve stem, the valve stem outer cylinder 7 is pulled upward via the flanged nut 7-2.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the nut 8 is screwed onto the flange 29 fixed by the port 30 of the main body 1.
Although the mechanism for tightening the packing 6 by interposing the compression spring 9 between this nut and the collar 71 of the valve stem outer cylinder 7 has been illustrated, it goes without saying that the operation and effect are no different from the one in FIG. 2. .

Further, when the ball valve is driven by power such as a motor or hydraulic pressure, the power device 31 can be installed on the base plate 26 fixed to the pedestal 20, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

In addition to the electromagnet 27, a cylinder or the like may be used as the device for pushing down the push-up lever 22 downward.

Note that the dividing angle of the cylindrical sealing material used to make the cylindrical packing 6 depends on the size of the ball valve and the fluid passage hole 6-2.
It may be determined appropriately depending on the diameter, size, etc.

In the case of the ball valve of the above structure, the entire circumference of the valve body 4 is sealed by the split cylindrical packing 6 while the valve body 4 is stopped, and the packing is further sealed by the pressing force of the compression spring 9 and the nut 8. It is in a completely sealed state because it is pressed down strongly.

Next, to explain the case of opening and closing the ball valve in this completely sealed state, in the case of a ball valve having the valve stem outer cylinder lifting mechanism shown in FIG. 2, the valve body operating lever 10
Using the fulcrum fitting 11 as a fulcrum, hold down against the return spring 13 and the compression spring 9, hold it in the state shown by the broken line in the figure, and turn the valve body 4.

At this time, the pressing force of the compression spring 9 acting on the gasket 6 can be reduced by pressing the valve body operating lever 10, so that the valve body 4 can be easily rotated.

In this case, in the case of a conventional ball valve, pressure leaks to the back side of the valve body when the valve body rotates in the 45° direction as described above, but in this invention, the valve body is Since the entire circumference of the valve is sealed, there is no leakage to the valve stem 5 side, and complete sealing is achieved.

In the case of the valve stem outer cylinder lifting mechanism shown in FIG. 4, before rotating the valve body actuating lever 10-1, the mouth-shaped lever 17 pivoted on the end of the actuating lever is raised upward.

At this time, the hook-shaped lever 14 is pressed down by the pin 18 attached to the lever, using the fulcrum pin 16 as a fulcrum, and the steel ball 15 and the flanged nut 7-2
Since the valve stem outer cylinder 7 is pulled up against the compression spring 9 via the valve body 4, the rotational torque of the valve body 4 can be reduced.

On the other hand, normally, the mouth-shaped lever 17 is pushed down as shown in the figure to release the hook-shaped lever 14.

Furthermore, in the case of the valve stem outer cylinder lifting mechanism shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when rotating the valve body 4, first, the valve stem 5 is rotated while the push-up lever 22 is pressed down by the electromagnet 27. .

The push-up lever 22 is pushed down using the support shaft 23 as a fulcrum via the push-down bolt 25 simultaneously with the operation of the electromagnet 27 .

As a result, the valve stem outer cylinder 7 is pushed up against the compression spring 9 via the push-up bolt 24 at the tip of the lever and the flanged nut 7-2, so that the restraining force of the halved cylindrical packing 6 is reduced. This makes it easier to open and close the valve.

In addition, in this type of ball valve, as the valve body and valve stem become larger, the frictional resistance of the seal part increases, so in order to further improve operability, it is necessary to reduce the load of the valve body and valve stem on the seal part. It is desirable to reduce this situation as much as possible.

Therefore, in this invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a receiving plate 35 is provided between the lower surface of the valve body 4 and the main body via a spring 34 having the same force as the weight of the valve body and the valve stem. The valve body 4 is supported by a spring 33 via the receiving plate.

In this case, since the receiving plate 35 and the valve body 4 are in point contact, the valve body 4
The rotational resistance due to the weight of is close to zero.

As is clear from the above-mentioned embodiments, this invention has the advantage that the valve can be easily opened and closed, and a perfect seal can be expected both when the valve is operated and when it is not operated.

Furthermore, since the wear of the packing and valve body is significantly reduced, the life of the ball valve itself is long.

Furthermore, this invention has the advantage that the valve body can be inserted and removed through a hole separate from the fluid passage hole, making it easy to replace the gasket and spring, and the tightening of the gasket can be easily adjusted. .

In addition, in the case of electric operation, there is an advantage that the electric device and auxiliary equipment can be made smaller.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a conventional ball valve, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of this invention, and Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an enlarged sealing gasket in the same ball valve. , FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a main part showing another embodiment of this invention, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing another embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 6 is a top side view of the same. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Main body, 2...Piping hole, 3...Valve body inlet/outlet, 4...Valve body, 5...Valve stem, 6...Half-split cylindrical packing, 7...・Valve stem outer cylinder, 7-1... collar, 7-
2... Flammed nut, 8... Nut, 9... Compression spring, 10... Valve body operating lever, 11... Fulcrum metal fitting, 11-1... Fulcrum, 12... Bolt , 13...
Return spring, 14... Hook-shaped lever, 15... Steel ball, 1
6...Fully pin, 17...Tapping lever, 18...
Push-down bolt, 19...shaft, 20... mount, 21.
... Bolt, 22 ... Push-up lever 23 ... Support shaft,
24... Push-up bolt, 25... Push-down bolt, 2
6... Base plate, 27... Electromagnet, 29... 7 lunge, 30... Bolt, 31... Power device, 32...
Stopping pin, 34... Spring, 35... Reception plate, 37...
・Stopper, 38...Loosening nut.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. A spherical valve body is built into the main body via a gasket, and the fluid is controlled by making the fluid passage hole provided in the valve body coincide with or intersect with the fluid passage. In a ball valve, the main body has piping holes at both ends and a valve body inlet/outlet in the center that opens at right angles to the fluid passage, and the valve body, which is integral with the valve stem, is inserted into and taken out at right angles to the fluid passage. The valve is made of a two-split cylindrical packing formed by diagonally dividing a cylindrical sealing material having an opening at the top and bottom and a plurality of fluid passage holes in the peripheral wall into two halves of the same shape on the top and bottom. The nut is connected to the nut via a compression spring interposed between a flange provided at the lower end of the valve stem outer cylinder that surrounds the valve stem and is slidably fitted onto the valve stem, and a collar I that closes the valve body insertion/extraction port. The structure is such that the packing is pressed by force, and a nut with a flange that can be engaged with the tip of the valve body actuating lever attached to the upper part of the valve stem is screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder, and the valve body actuating lever is It is attached movably in the vertical direction via a bolt to the fulcrum fitting fitted to the valve stem outer cylinder.
A return spring inserted between the fulcrum and the fulcrum fitting constantly applies an upward pressing force to hold the valve body horizontally, and the valve body actuating lever is pushed down against the compression spring to release the flange. This ball valve has a mechanism in which the outer cylinder of the valve stem is slightly raised via a retaining nut to relieve the pressure on the packing. 2 Claim 1 for registration of a utility model characterized in that a receiving plate supported by a spring is provided between the lower surface of the valve body and the main body, and the structure is such that the receiving plate receives the valve body. Ball valve as described in section. 3. As a means for raising the valve stem outer cylinder, a hook-shaped lever that engages with a flanged nut screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder via a steel ball so that the nut can be pushed up from below is attached to one end of the lever. By pushing down the flanged nut, the flanged nut is pushed up through the steel ball and pivoted to the valve stem, and one end of the hook-shaped lever is attached to the end of the valve body operating lever fitted to the valve stem. Utility model registration claim No. 1, which is a mechanism in which a hook-shaped lever is pushed down via a bolt of the lever by rotating a bolted mouth-shaped lever pivoted so as to straddle the lever upward. Ball valve as described in section. 4. As a means for raising the valve stem outer cylinder, a hook-shaped lever that engages with a collar nut screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder via a steel ball so that the nut can be pushed up from below is attached to one end of the lever. By pushing down the flanged nut, the flanged nut is pushed up through the steel ball and is pivoted to the valve stem, and is pivoted to the end of the valve body operating lever fitted to the valve stem, and the hook-shaped nut is pivoted to the valve stem. Registration of a utility model for a mechanism in which a hook-shaped lever is pushed downward via a bolt of the lever by rotating upward a lever with a hole attached to the shaft so as to straddle one end of the lever. A ball valve according to claim 1. 5. As a means for raising the valve stem outer cylinder, a push-up lever is provided on a pedestal fixed to the main body integrally with the lid of the ball valve, and one end of which engages from below with a flanged nut screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder. is pivoted so that the flanged nut is pushed up by pushing down the other end of the lever, and an electromagnet or the like attached to the stand is used to push down the pushing lever downward.Registered as a utility model. A ball valve according to claim 1. 6. As a means for raising the valve stem outer cylinder, a push-up lever is provided on a pedestal fixed to the main body integrally with the lid of the ball valve, and one end of which engages from below with a flanged nut screwed onto the valve stem outer cylinder. is pivoted so that the flanged nut is pushed up by pushing down the other end of the lever, and an electromagnet attached to the stand is used to push the push-up lever downward.Registered as a utility model. A ball valve according to claim 1.