JPS5916486B2 - liquid processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended for the treatment of liquids, in particular for the separation of light solid and/or liquid particles present in liquids, or for the separation of light and heavy solid and/or liquid particles in liquids. (or)
A device for the separation of particles of liquid, used in radially flowing vessels, especially cylindrical or polygonal, with a vertical axis and a rotating slurry scraper structure, in which the liquid is one or several laminated structures in which there is a pre-settling chamber and one or more stages of separation chambers, viewed in the direction of flow, and in which or part of these separation chambers there are ducts with mutually parallel axes; Regarding the equipment in which the is located.

Liquid treatment here generally refers to the purification of liquids, for example wastewater treatment, in which solid substances or other liquids are separated from the liquid.

Modern technologies of water and wastewater purification require modern system equipment for the separation of liquids, such as precipitation systems.

With systems of this kind it is possible to construct modern environmental protection devices.

A large number of solutions are known for the separation of solid and suspended solids in liquids.

Some of these devices have vessels with a circular or polygonal cross section and a vertical axis, for example vessels formed in the form of a well from a precast concrete ring.

The hitherto known shaft type devices, i.e. devices of small capacity, used as benzine, oil or sand collection tanks or as pre- or post-separators, contain a cylinder tank consisting of only one chamber; A separation process with limited effectiveness takes place in the tank.

Although the efficiency of this device is small, the dimensions of the device are quite large and for these reasons uneconomical.

In principle, efforts are made to avoid turbulence as much as possible in separation devices, such as precipitation devices.

Laminar flow is a basic prerequisite for precipitation, since with this method individual suspended solids, particulate matter and particles can settle out without hindrance.

For the distinction between laminar and turbulent flow, the Reynolds number is used, the value of which should be as small as possible below 500, so that precipitation takes place optimally under laminar conditions. .

Currently known separation vessels with a circular cross section still have a number of disadvantages.

The flow conditions of the liquid are unfavorable, turbulence is formed, and the possibility of axisymmetric radial flow is not provided in small vessels, so the advantages resulting from this type of flow cannot be exploited. Can not.

Possibilities of this kind are, for example, radial flow between fixed (drip-forming) plates, with which it is possible to achieve significantly better degrees of purification in the purification of oil-containing wastewater.

The object of the invention is to create the possibility of a complex separation process under conditions of laminar flow in currently known separation devices with circular, annular or polygonal cross-sections and vertical axes. be.

This occurs due to the laminated system.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to increase the separation efficiency of existing devices, for example to increase the efficiency of drip formation in the case of oil-containing wastewater, and to improve the efficiency and economy of generally circular, annular or polygonal vessels. The aim is to eliminate the disadvantages associated with

The aim of the invention is to achieve higher efficiency with a device having a smaller volume than that of known separation systems, thereby reducing the cost of the device and its operation and at the same time also reducing the space requirements.

The disadvantages mentioned at the outset occur especially in radially flowing settling tanks, which have a rotating slurry scraper device.

The reason for this is that, because of the movement path and scraper elements, permanently installed laminated elements cannot be used in this tank.

Sedimentation tanks equipped with rotating mud scrapers that are passed through radially have the additional disadvantage that secondary flows are formed in the tank, which adversely affect the technological and hydraulic efficiency. has.

Secondary flows can be caused, for example, by temperature differences in wastewater or raw water.

Already a temperature difference of 1-2 °C generates a secondary flow, which transports the precipitated particles into the upper layer of the bath, thereby slowing down the precipitation process and removing most of the suspended solids. flows out with the outflowing water. In known tanks with radial flow, the wind has an adverse effect on the flow conditions, since it changes the flow significantly near the surface of the tank.

This is especially true in case of settling tanks (e.g. dry separators).
In this case, the liquid surface may be evacuated from the horizontal by a few millimeters due to the action of the wind.

This results in uneven loading of the overflow edge, which is a major disadvantage from the point of view of residence time distribution.

A similar disadvantageous effect is the moving parts of the mud scraper, the guide walls and the dip plate, which can cause undesirable flow and non-flow zones.

The goal of the invention is to create laminar flow conditions in hitherto known circular or polygonal settling tanks with rotating mud scrapers, eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, increase efficiency and economy, and That is, it allows for a small volume and thereby reduces investment and operating costs as well as space requirements.

This task is based on the invention to provide a layered system for precipitation in a separation vessel with a circular bottom which is being constructed or already exists and which is converted into a device with several chambers by means of an annular circular wall. In some cases, an increase in efficiency is achieved, for example, by using combined stages with radial fluid flow.

A settling tank (e.g. a dollar-shaped settler) with a circular bottom and a rotating slurry scraper, which is being constructed or already exists, can be transformed into a floating body and/or according to the invention.
It is equipped with a laminated element suspended on a retaining bridge or connected to a scraper structure below.

The element consists of interconnected curved elements disposed diagonally between which precipitation takes place under laminar flow conditions;
On the other hand, the lamination element can rotate together with the scraper device and in conjunction with the scraper device, or can also be stationary in the case of a scraper that rotates along the bottom of the bath.

The invention provides that if diagonal laminated elements are installed, 1
It is possible to produce laminar flow even in vertical cylindrical separators consisting only of chambers, and it is possible to produce linear or axially symmetrical radial flows when the space is divided into several chambers. It is based on the recognition that it can be done.

In addition to the possibility of separation under conditions of laminar flow, requiring small volume ratios, it is possible to incorporate separation stages, such as pre-precipitation stages or combined (drop-forming) additional There is the possibility of installing a separation stage and also a storage stage for the separated material.

According to the invention, with this method a number of new effects are achieved which cannot be achieved by known settling tanks built from concrete in situ or constructed from ready-made concrete rings.

The subject of the invention is thereby particularly for the treatment of liquids in cylindrical or polygonal vessels with a vertical axis, in particular for the separation of solid and/or liquid particles of low specific gravity in a liquid, or equipment for the separation of light and heavy solid and/or liquid particles.

This device has a pre-settling chamber and one or several stages of separation chambers, viewed in the direction of flow of the liquid to be treated.

Within the separation chamber or a portion thereof there is at least one laminate structure, the laminate structure having ducts with mutually parallel axes.

In the case of a tank where the flow is radial with axis symmetry, in the flow direction,
In other words, in an intermediate chamber which surrounds the central longitudinal hole section when viewed from the inside out, there is provided a system of obliquely arranged, essentially radial, laminated inserts with a flow direction from the inside to the outside. There is.

In the case of radially flushed vessels with rotating scraper devices, the laminated elements, laminated structures are floating bodies and/or
It is suspended on a rotating radial bridge and rotates with the scraper structure.

The laminated structure is particularly characterized in that the ducts between the laminated layers extend radially,
And it is arranged so that it climbs outward from the center line.

An embodiment in which the obliquely arranged laminated structure extends over the entire plane of the vessel is advantageous.

However, embodiments are also possible in which the obliquely arranged laminated structure occupies only the outer ring or the segment of the circular surface of the vessel, possibly only the outer circular ring part of the segment.

In this case, the central angles of the segments are in particular 30° and 270°.
It is between.

Particularly advantageous are embodiments in which the laminated elements are radially suspended with their inner and outer ends in each case on a floating body, and the floating bodies are interconnected with a particularly radial carrier above the liquid surface. It is.

An embodiment in which the floating body used for suspension is a ready-made hollow or compact structure with ribs on its periphery is also advantageous.

Of the peripheral ribs of the floating body, two extend radially and the other two perpendicularly thereto.

It is reasonable that the ribs of the floating body extending perpendicularly to the radial direction have openings.

The immersion depth of the floating body is advantageously selected such that the radially formed openings are at least 80% free, ie remain above the ice surface.

It is preferable that a hook for transportation is attached to the upper rib of the floating body.

Advantageously, the lower part of the radially extending ribs of the floating body is designed as an oblique triangular prism.

The rods used for suspension can be extended and designed as support legs.

It is reasonable for the hanging wall to extend from the last floating body before the overflow edge on the periphery of the tank to the bottom of the tank.

The floating bodies are interconnected by fixing elements.

The floating body is preferably a hollow body of corrosion-resistant plastic, e.g. polyester reinforced with glass fibres, PVC, polyethylene, etc., a hollow body of steel or aluminum with suitable corrosion protection, but may be compact or hollow. wood structure can be used.

Advantageous embodiments of the floating body are closed shell structures or multilayer sandwich structures filled with a material having a specific gravity lower than that of water.

The floating body can also be a plastic body or a rubber body under gas pressure.

According to the invention, the capacity and efficiency of the thousands of already existing vessels of this type is increased.

It is a great advantage of the invention that linear precipitation with a high degree of efficiency can be achieved even in vessels constructed all over the world, ie with rotating scraper construction.

Embodiments of the invention that also include integrated laminated systems have the advantage of being able to flow radially and linearly and for example to better purify oily wastewater.

The reason is that oil particles (size: a few microns) are merged into the drip and then separated.

With the device of the invention, advantageous separations can be achieved with small volume ratios or short flow times.

It is a great advantage that the present invention allows existing settling tanks, oil and fat collecting tanks, etc. to be modified in a short time, increasing capacity and reducing costs.

It is also advantageous that when installing new equipment, this equipment can be constructed from ready-made concrete rings, reinforced concrete segment profiles, etc., which means further cost savings.

The device according to the invention can be realized from various construction materials, such as steel, aluminum, plastic, etc.
This means that it is realized from off-the-shelf elements and from construction technology on site.

In the case of plastic as a structural material, a box-like or container-like embodiment is desirable.

This is because it facilitates the prefabrication of the element and its assembly in the final installation position.

The invention will be explained in more detail below by means of some advantageous embodiments in the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which a rotating scraper structure 41 is present in a circular vessel 40. FIG.

This scraper can have one, two or several arms.

Mud scraper structures are known per se.

The sedimentation tank 40 is made of reinforced concrete and has a bottom that slopes toward the center, with a mud hole 44 in the center of the bottom.
is formed.

The water distribution device 43 is centrally located and is fed from the raw water conduit 42 .

Arranged around the bath 40 are a ring-shaped overflow trough 46 and guide rails for a rotating scraper structure, which is driven by a drive motor 48 and rotated about the axis of the bath at a suitable rotational speed. Rotate with.

The liquid to be purified comes through the raw water conduit 42 and reaches a distribution device 43, where it is evenly distributed and then flows radially through the entire cross section of the vessel.

The resulting slurry settles on the bottom and is conveyed from there by a rotating scraper device 41 into a slurry hole 44, from where it is transferred via a slurry conduit 49 to the next slurry treatment (composting). oxidation, mechanical dehydration, and burning).

The purified water leaves the tank via overflow lip 47 and trough 46 through conduit 61.

In front of the overflow edge 47 there is generally a dipping wall 45 which prevents the escape of so-called suspended mud.

At the surface of the tank 40 there is at least one floating body 50 which is suspended approximately 200 m below the ice surface by means of suspension elements 51.
-80 cm, a plate settling element, with diagonal stacks 52 suspended in a radially outwardly ascending manner.

The floating body 50 is connected to a slurry scraper structure 41 which overlaps and rotates with a connecting profile 53 and in this way carries out a rotational movement in the bath 40 together with the scraper crosspiece.

A suspended wall 56 is fixed to the floating body on the side of the tank wall, which forces the water to flow through the diagonal stack 52.

The water coming from the raw water conduit 42, after passing through the distribution device 43, first flows horizontally radially outward, then climbs slightly upwards and enters between the diagonal stacks 52, where it passes through the microcells, microcells, etc. An intensive purification and separation process takes place in the chamber under laminar flow conditions.

Substances with a heavier specific gravity settle on the bottom of the tank, and substances with a lighter specific gravity climb to the surface and form a suspended slurry there.

The suspended mud that has collected on the surface of the tank moves outwards and is removed by means of elements known per se connected to the mud scraper 41 and sent into a collection chamber 62 provided for this purpose. .

The floating body 50 has suitable openings 55 in the radial direction, which allow surface flow and transport of suspended mud.

The rods of the suspension elements 51 of the floating body 50 can be designed as support legs 54, which serve in the event of operational failures that occur or during dewatering of the bath for cleaning purposes.

In this case the floating body 50 and the stack 52 are supported on support legs 54 and stand on the bottom of the tank.

The length of the support legs 54 can vary depending on the shape of the tank bottom.

As represented in FIG. 2, a floating body 50 with a ribbed frame is arranged, for example in radial direction, in a circular tank 40 equipped with a rotating mud scraper structure.

The floating body has a settling element on which the diagonal stacks 52 are suspended.

The floating bodies 50 are connected to each other and to the slurry scraper device and carry out a rotational movement with this device.

The stack 52 is held together by a stack holder 63.

In the case of devices in which the rotating scraper device only rotates at the bottom of the bath and no rotating elements are present above, the suspension system consisting of floating bodies can also be arranged stationary.

In this case, radial fixed bridge structures can also be used for mounting, cleaning and patrol purposes.

The floating body 50 and the laminate can be colored and manufactured in a simple manner.

They are preferably made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, primarily polyester-1 RVC with glass fiber reinforcement, polyethylene or steel, aluminium, wood, rubber.

The floating body can be of compact, hollow or sand-inch construction.

Inflatable objects can also be used as floats.

The drive motor 48 of the rotating mud scraper structure 41 is generally located at the outer periphery of the tank.

It should be noted that if an already existing device is modified according to the invention, a large amount of energy is required for the rotational movement of the floating body 50.

Drive motor 48 must be replaced with a more powerful one.

The floating body 50 comprises compact or hollow ribs, the ribs being radially connected, the only rib standing approximately vertically above it being the upper retaining element 57, which allows water and suspended mud to pass under the retaining element. The liquid can flow through unhindered.

The immersion depth of the floating body is selected such that unhindered surface flow in the radial direction is possible.

Below the radial ribs of the floating body 50 is a wedge-shaped triangular body, and the rising sediment can slide along the triangular body.

There are hooks 5 on the floating body for settling, picking up and transporting.
9 is installed.

The floating body is covered on its ribs or on its outer surface with a resilient material, for example foamed polyethylene or a rubber layer.

Each floating body 50 has a radially or perpendicularly releasable coupling element 60, for example a screw, by means of which the floating body 50 can be connected to an associated floating system.

By releasing the coupling element 60, the system can be disassembled into its parts again.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention in which a rotating scraper device is present in the bath; FIG.
3 is a front view of an advantageous embodiment of a laminated element utilized in the apparatus according to FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 4 is a side view of the same element; FIG. 40... Tank, 50... Floating body, 52.
... Laminated structure, 51 ... Suspension element, 56
...Suspension wall, 54...Support leg, 55.
...Aperture, 58...Triangle, 59...
...Hook, 60...Connection element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. For the separation of solid and/or liquid particles of light specific gravity in a liquid, or for the separation of solid and/or liquid particles of relatively light and relatively heavy specific gravity. This device is used for radially flowing, especially cylindrical or polygonal, vessels with a vertical axis and a rotating slurry scraper structure, in which the presettlement is carried out in the direction of flow of the liquid. The above-mentioned device, in which there is a single-stage or multi-stage separation room, and one or several laminated structures including ducts having mutually parallel axes are arranged in the separation room or a part of the separation room. , each laminate structure 52 is fixed to the floating body 50 and/or to a rotating radial bridge structure such that the laminate structure rotates with the slurry scraper structure 41 and the stack of laminate structures 52 A device characterized in that the ducts therebetween extend radially and rise outwards from the center point of the vessel 40. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diagonally arranged laminations of the laminated structure extend over the entire surface of the tank. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diagonally arranged laminated structure 52 occupies only the outer ring of the tank 40. 4. The obliquely arranged laminated structure 52 is arranged only in the segments of the vessel 40, possibly only in the outer ring part of the segments, and the central angle of the segments is in particular between 30° and 270°. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 5. The laminates 52 are each fixed at their ends to one floating body 50, and the floating bodies 50 are interconnected with an advantageously radially extending connecting element 57 above the liquid surface. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the floating body 50 has ribs around the floating body 50. 7. Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the floating body 50 is formed with openings 55 perpendicular to the radial direction, and at least 80% of the openings 55 are above the ice surface. The device described in any of the above. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the floating body 50 has a hook 59 on its upper rib. 9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lower portion of the radial ribs of the floating body 50 is formed as a wedge-shaped triangular body 58. 10 The extended suspension element 51 of the floating body 50 is connected to the support leg 54
10. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed as a. 11. According to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a suspended wall 56 extends from the floating body 50 immediately in front of the overflow edge 47 to the bottom of the tank 40. The device described. 12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the floating bodies (50) are interconnected by a releasable coupling element (60).