JPS591630B2 - Kandotsuku - Google Patents

Kandotsuku

Info

Publication number
JPS591630B2
JPS591630B2 JP1117873A JP1117873A JPS591630B2 JP S591630 B2 JPS591630 B2 JP S591630B2 JP 1117873 A JP1117873 A JP 1117873A JP 1117873 A JP1117873 A JP 1117873A JP S591630 B2 JPS591630 B2 JP S591630B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
semi
permeable layer
water
pumping pressure
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP1117873A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS49100796A (en
Inventor
督 岡
敏雄 石川
国夫 福島
黎夫 北村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taisei Corp
Original Assignee
Taisei Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taisei Corp filed Critical Taisei Corp
Priority to JP1117873A priority Critical patent/JPS591630B2/en
Publication of JPS49100796A publication Critical patent/JPS49100796A/ja
Publication of JPS591630B2 publication Critical patent/JPS591630B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は深い締った砂層の如く、支持力があり透水性の
大きな地層に構築された乾ドックの改良に係り、ドック
底版下部外周を止水壁で囲繞するとともに、同底版下面
に砂層を介してアスファルト混合物等からなる半透水層
を重層配設し、同半透水層下面に沿って水抜管を配設し
、その上端を梁壁面において渠内に開口してなることを
特徴とするもので、その目的とする処は、乾ドックの湧
水量を調整してこれによって底版にかかる水圧を適正値
に抑制する点にある。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improvement of a dry dock constructed in a geological stratum with supporting capacity and high water permeability, such as a deep compacted sand layer, by surrounding the outer periphery of the lower part of the dock bottom with a water-stop wall. , a semi-permeable layer made of asphalt mixture etc. is layered on the lower surface of the bottom slab with a sand layer interposed therebetween, a drainage pipe is arranged along the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer, and its upper end is opened into the ditch on the beam wall surface. Its purpose is to adjust the amount of spring water in the dry dock and thereby suppress the water pressure applied to the bottom slab to an appropriate value.

本発明に係る乾ドックにおいては前記したように、厚い
透水性地層に構築される乾ドックの下部外周が止水壁で
囲繞されているので、ドック内への湧水量を低減しうる
ものである。
As described above, in the dry dock according to the present invention, the lower outer periphery of the dry dock built on a thick permeable stratum is surrounded by a water-stop wall, which can reduce the amount of water flowing into the dock. .

また本発明においては前記したように、乾ドック底版下
面に砂層を介してアスファルト混合物等からなる半透水
層が重層されているので、透水性地層からの湧水の一部
が前記半透水層を透過し、かくして湧水量が調整され、
かつ底版にかかる揚圧力が適正値に保持されるため、重
力式構造形式とする場合に比し、梁底の地下水による浮
上りに対抗すべき底版厚を低減し、工費を節減し、且つ
維持費を節減しうるものである。
Furthermore, in the present invention, as described above, a semi-permeable layer made of asphalt mixture etc. is layered on the lower surface of the dry dock bottom plate via a sand layer, so that a part of the spring water from the permeable stratum flows through the semi-permeable layer. permeates, thus regulating the amount of spring water,
In addition, since the uplift force applied to the bottom slab is maintained at an appropriate value, compared to a gravity-type structure, the thickness of the bottom slab, which is required to resist uplifting by groundwater at the bottom of the beam, is reduced, reducing construction costs and maintenance. This can save costs.

更に前記乾ドック内を満水状態からポンプ排水によって
ドライブアップした場合、底版下に配設された前記半透
水層下面には一時的に大きな揚水圧が作用するが、本発
明においては同半透水層下面に沿って水抜管が配設され
ているので、前述のように乾ドック内がドライアップさ
れて揚水圧が乾ドックにおける半透水層より上部の重量
以上に達すると、前記水抜パイプから地下水が自然流出
し、揚水圧は乾ドックにおける前記半透水層より上部の
重量以下に低減されるものである。
Furthermore, when the inside of the dry dock is driven up from a full water state by pump drainage, a large pumping pressure temporarily acts on the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer disposed under the bottom slab, but in the present invention, the semi-permeable layer A drain pipe is installed along the bottom surface, so when the inside of the dry dock dries up and the pumping pressure reaches the weight above the semi-permeable layer in the dry dock as described above, groundwater drains from the drain pipe. Natural drainage occurs, and the pumping pressure is reduced to less than the weight above the semi-permeable layer in the dry dock.

このように本発明によれば乾ドックの湧水量を調整して
、その底版にかかる揚水圧を恒に適正値以下に抑止して
工費を低減し、維持費を節減しうるものである。
As described above, according to the present invention, the amount of spring water in the dry dock can be adjusted to keep the pumping pressure applied to the bottom slab below an appropriate value, thereby reducing construction costs and maintenance costs.

以下本発明を図示の実施例について説明する。The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

1は支持力があり透水性を有する深い締った砂層の如き
透水層Aに構築された乾ドックBのコンクリート底盤で
、その下部外周は鋼矢板群による止水壁2で囲繞されて
いる。
Reference numeral 1 denotes the concrete base of the dry dock B, which is constructed on a permeable layer A such as a deep compact sand layer that has bearing capacity and water permeability, and its lower outer periphery is surrounded by a water-stop wall 2 made of steel sheet piles.

前記底版1には砂層3を介して半透水層4が重層されて
いる。
A semi-permeable layer 4 is overlaid on the bottom plate 1 with a sand layer 3 in between.

同半透水層4は例えば砂95%、ストレートアスファル
ト5%を加熱混合したサンドアスファルトの如き半透水
層4より構成され、その透水係数、及び層厚は湧水量を
任意の制限許容値以内にまで低減することが可能なもの
にしなければならない。
The semi-permeable layer 4 is made of sand asphalt made by heating and mixing 95% sand and 5% straight asphalt, and its permeability coefficient and layer thickness are such that the amount of spring water can be controlled within arbitrary limits and allowable values. It must be possible to reduce this.

例えば層厚30CrrL、透水係数10×1O−5cr
IL/SeCノ半透水層4カ適用サレル。
For example, layer thickness 30CrrL, permeability coefficient 10×1O-5cr
IL/SeC semi-permeable layer 4 applicable Sarel.

なお図中6は前記半透水層4と止水壁2との接合部で、
止水用カットバックアスファルトを充填する。
Note that 6 in the figure is the joint between the semi-permeable layer 4 and the water-stop wall 2,
Fill with cutback asphalt to stop water.

7はアスファルト充填時の仮設用コンクリートフ七ツク
である。
7 is a temporary concrete fence for filling with asphalt.

なお半透水層4を透過した湧水は水抜孔8から梁側溝9
へ自然流出してポンプ室に導かれ、ポンプ排水されるも
のである。
The spring water that has permeated through the semi-permeable layer 4 flows from the drainage hole 8 to the beam gutter 9.
The water flows naturally into the pump chamber, where it is pumped out.

更に前記半透水層4の下面に沿って、有孔塩化ビニル管
製の水抜管5を配設し、同水抜管5の立上り部の先端は
ドック内に溢流できるようになっており、ドックドライ
アップ時の一時的揚水圧IJpuの低減を図るものであ
る。
Further, along the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer 4, a water drain pipe 5 made of perforated vinyl chloride pipe is arranged, and the tip of the rising part of the water drain pipe 5 is designed to allow water to overflow into the dock. This aims to reduce the temporary pumping pressure IJpu during dry-up.

水抜管5の先端開口部は半透水層より上の単位面積当り
の重量W1+W3+W4(W]:単位面積光りの底版重
量、W3:単位面積当りの砂層重量、W4:単位面積当
りの半透水層重量)以上の揚水圧が半透水層下に作用し
た場合にのみ地下水が溢流し、揚水圧が制限される位置
に設けである。
The opening at the tip of the drain pipe 5 has a weight per unit area above the semi-permeable layer W1 + W3 + W4 (W): weight of the bottom plate of the light per unit area, W3: weight of the sand layer per unit area, W4: weight of the semi-permeable layer per unit area ) Groundwater will overflow only if the pumping pressure above 2.0% acts below the semi-permeable layer, and the pump is installed at a location where the pumping pressure is limited.

従って前記水抜管は一種の安全弁を構成するものである
Therefore, the water drain pipe constitutes a kind of safety valve.

図示の乾ドックは前記のように構成されているので、半
透水層4の透水係数を任意に調整することにより透水層
Aからの湧水量を任意に制御することができ、揚水圧を
所要の値以下に制御できる。
Since the illustrated dry dock is configured as described above, the amount of spring water from the permeable layer A can be arbitrarily controlled by arbitrarily adjusting the permeability coefficient of the semi-permeable layer 4, and the pumping pressure can be adjusted to the required level. Can be controlled below the value.

従って半透水層に作用する定常時揚水圧Upを半透水層
4、同半透水層4上の砂層、及び底版の重量以下に抑止
することができる。
Therefore, the steady state pumping pressure Up acting on the semi-permeable layer can be suppressed to less than the weight of the semi-permeable layer 4, the sand layer on the semi-permeable layer 4, and the bottom plate.

第3図は定常時の揚水圧Upと、抵抗重量の関係を示す
ものである。
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between pumping pressure Up and resistance weight in steady state.

Upを半透水層4に作用する定常時の揚水圧、HをUp
に対する水頭とする。
Up is the steady pumping pressure acting on the semi-permeable layer 4, H is Up
Let the water head be the water head.

半透水層4及び砂層3並びに底版1が持上らない条件は
、半透水層4下に作用する揚水圧Upが、半透水層4及
び砂層3の単位面積当り重量W4及びW3と底版1の単
位面積当り重量W1の和以下の場合である。
The condition that the semi-permeable layer 4, sand layer 3, and bottom plate 1 are not lifted is that the pumping pressure Up acting under the semi-permeable layer 4 is equal to the weights per unit area W4 and W3 of the semi-permeable layer 4 and sand layer 3, and This is the case when the weight per unit area is equal to or less than the sum of the weights W1.

即ちUp≦W1+W3+W4の場合である8゜図示の実
施例において、底版厚1.00m、砂層厚1.70m、
半透水層厚0.30m(但し単位体積当りの底版重量を
2.5 t / 771’、単位体積当りの砂層(砂粒
子十間隙水)重量を2.0t/77(、単位体積当りの
アスファルト重量を2.3t7m3とする。
That is, in the example shown in the 8° diagram, where Up≦W1+W3+W4, the bottom plate thickness is 1.00 m, the sand layer thickness is 1.70 m,
Semi-permeable layer thickness 0.30 m (however, the weight of the bottom plate per unit volume is 2.5 t/771', the weight of the sand layer (sand particles 10 pore water) per unit volume is 2.0 t/77 (, asphalt weight per unit volume) The weight is 2.3t7m3.

)とすると W、 :2.5 t /m’X 1.Omx 1.00
m/m=2.5 t /m”W3=2.Ot /m3
×1.0mx 1.70m/m=3.4 t /mw4
−= 2.3 t /771”X 1.OmX O,3
0m1m=o、69 t/mj+”+ w、 +w3+
w4= 6.59 t / m”となる。
), then W, :2.5 t/m'X 1. Omx 1.00
m/m=2.5 t/m”W3=2.Ot/m3
×1.0mx 1.70m/m=3.4t/mw4
-= 2.3t/771”X 1.OmX O,3
0m1m=o, 69 t/mj+”+ w, +w3+
w4=6.59 t/m".

本実施例では前述のように、半透水層4の透水係数を1
. OX 10−5crrL/secとするコトニヨッ
テ、Up=6.OL/mに定常時の揚水圧を制御してい
るため、Up (−6、Ot /m” )<W、 +W
3+W4(=6.59 t /rn:)であり、底版の
変位変形は生じない。
In this embodiment, as described above, the permeability coefficient of the semi-permeable layer 4 is set to 1.
.. Cotoniyotte with OX 10-5crrL/sec, Up=6. Since the pumping pressure during steady state is controlled to OL/m, Up (-6, Ot/m”)<W, +W
3+W4 (=6.59 t/rn:), and no displacement deformation of the bottom plate occurs.

次に同転ドックB内が満水状態からポンプ排水によって
ドライアップされた場合、前記半透水層4下面には一時
的に大きな揚水圧[Jpuが作用する。
Next, when the inside of the rotating dock B is dried up from a full water state by pump drainage, a large pumping pressure [Jpu] temporarily acts on the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer 4.

この揚水圧IJpuが発生する理由を第5図により詳述
する。
The reason why this pumping pressure IJpu is generated will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

乾ドックBが満水状態で渠内水位き、渠外の残留水位と
が同一であり、浸透が生起していない静的な状態を想定
する。
Assume a static state in which dry dock B is full and the water level inside the ditch is the same as the residual water level outside the ditch, with no seepage occurring.

なおこの場合は前述の如く乾ドック底版下面に砂層を介
してアスファルト混合物等からなる半透水層が重層され
ており、かつ又前記砂層は前述の如く支持力があり透水
性の太きいものであるのでドライアップ時以前において
は、前記の底版、砂層、半透水層の重量は支持力のある
前記半透水層下部の締った砂層で支持されるので静水圧
のみを問題として考慮すればよい。
In this case, as mentioned above, a semi-permeable layer made of an asphalt mixture or the like is layered on the lower surface of the dry dock bottom plate via a sand layer, and the sand layer has a supporting capacity and high water permeability as mentioned above. Therefore, before the dry-up time, the weight of the bottom plate, sand layer, and semi-permeable layer is supported by the compact sand layer below the semi-permeable layer, which has supporting capacity, so only hydrostatic pressure needs to be considered as a problem.

この場合半透水層4下の水圧はUpuである。In this case, the water pressure under the semi-permeable layer 4 is Upu.

この満水状態から渠内をドライアップする場合、水位低
下量に比し、半透水層4の浸透流量は無視できる程度に
小さいとし、相対的にみて半透水層4は不透水性と考え
る。
When drying up the inside of the ditch from this full water state, the permeation flow rate of the semi-permeable layer 4 is considered to be negligibly small compared to the amount of water level drop, and the semi-permeable layer 4 is considered to be relatively impermeable.

半透水層4の浸透流量がドライアップ時の渠内排水量に
比して非常に小さいため、当初の水圧Upuがそのまま
残り、揚水圧’[J p uが 時的に作用するものき
考えている。
Since the permeation flow rate of the semi-permeable layer 4 is very small compared to the drainage volume in the drain during dry-up, the initial water pressure Upu remains as it is, and the pumping pressure '[J p u is considered to act over time. .

本実施例ではaレベル+2.0Om、cレベル−9,0
0mでレベル差+2.00−(−9,00’)=11.
00maなり、11.00t/mの揚水JEEUpuが
一時的に発生すると安全サイドに考えている。
In this example, the a level is +2.0 Om, and the c level is -9.0
Level difference at 0m +2.00-(-9,00')=11.
On the safe side, we believe that at 00ma, pumped water JEEUpu of 11.00t/m will temporarily occur.

なお前記したレベル表示は、基本水準面(略低潮潮位面
)を±0.0Onとして基本水準面より高位置に(羽、
低位置に(@の符号をつけてm表示したものである。
In addition, the level display mentioned above is set at a position higher than the basic level (wing,
It is displayed as m with the sign (@) added to the low position.

なお第4図により更に前記本発明のドライアップ時の作
用について説明する。
The operation of the present invention during dry-up will be further explained with reference to FIG.

ドックドライアップ時に、水位aから水位すまで低下し
た場合、減圧装置としての水抜管5がないと、前述のよ
うに一時的にIJp(1なる揚水圧が生じる。
When the water level drops from the water level a to the water level during dock dry-up, if there is no drain pipe 5 as a pressure reducing device, a pumping pressure of IJp (1) will temporarily occur as described above.

即ち排水時に半透水層4下面に働く水圧がW、+W3+
W4以上であり、半透水層4、砂層3、底版1を浮上が
らせるものである。
In other words, the water pressure acting on the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer 4 during drainage is W, +W3+
It is W4 or more and allows the semi-permeable layer 4, sand layer 3, and bottom plate 1 to float.

従って本発明では安全弁さしての水抜管5を半透水層4
下に配設して、同水抜管5上端開口部を、W1+W3+
W4以下の揚水圧Upsで溢流する位置に設置している
Therefore, in the present invention, the water drain pipe 5 through the safety valve is replaced by the semi-permeable layer 4.
Place the upper end opening of the water drain pipe 5 at the bottom, W1+W3+
It is installed in a position where water overflows with pumping pressure Ups of W4 or less.

Ups以上の揚水圧が働こうきする場合、半透水層4下
の水が一時的に水抜管5上端開口部から溢流して揚水圧
をUpsに抑えるものである。
When a pumping pressure higher than Ups is applied, water under the semi-permeable layer 4 temporarily overflows from the opening at the upper end of the drain pipe 5 to suppress the pumping pressure to Ups.

以下揚水圧に対する抵抗重量の働く0点レベルにおける
同抵抗重量と水抜管溢流時における半透水層4下面に働
く揚水圧きの関係を検討する。
Below, we will examine the relationship between the resistance weight at the 0 point level, where the resistance weight acts against the pumping pressure, and the pumping pressure acting on the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer 4 when the drain pipe overflows.

本実施例においては8点レベル+2.OOm、0点レベ
ル−9,00m、水抜管5上端開口部レベル−2,50
mとするき、従ってUp s (6,5t/m2) <
W、+W3+W4 (=6.59 t /ゴ辺ため安全
である。
In this example, 8 points level + 2. OOm, 0 point level -9,00m, drain pipe 5 top opening level -2,50
Therefore, Up s (6,5t/m2) <
It is safe because W, +W3+W4 (=6.59 t/edge).

なお第3図及び第4図並に第5図において、Up 、
Up u 、Up sは夫々揚水圧を示し、H,Ho。
In addition, in Figures 3 and 4 as well as Figure 5, Up,
Up u and Up s indicate pumping pressure, H and Ho, respectively.

hoは、夫々水頭を示すものである。ho indicates the head of water, respectively.

以上本発明を実施例について説明したが、本発明は勿論
このような実施例にだけ局限されるものではなく、本発
明の精神を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の設計の改変を施し
つるものである。
Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, the present invention is of course not limited to such embodiments, and may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に係る乾ドックの一実施例の横断面図、
第2図は第1図の部分Bの拡大図、第3図は定常時半透
水層下に作用する揚水圧と抵抗重量との概略説明図、第
4図はドライアップ時半透水層下に作用する一時的揚水
圧と減圧装置としての水抜管、抵抗重量の概略説明図、
第5図は前記一時的揚水圧の作用する理由を示す説明図
である。 A・・・・・・透水層、B・・・・・・乾ドック、1・
・・・・・底版、2・・・・・・止水壁、3・・・・・
・砂層、4・・・・・・半透水層、5・・・・・・水抜
管。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a dry dock according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of pumping pressure and resistance weight acting under the permeable layer during steady-state conditions, and Figure 4 is under the permeable layer during dry-up. A schematic illustration of the temporary pumping pressure and water drain pipe as a pressure reducing device, and the resistance weight.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the reason why the temporary pumping pressure acts. A... Permeable layer, B... Dry dock, 1.
...Bottom plate, 2...Water stop wall, 3...
・Sand layer, 4...Semi-permeable layer, 5...Drainage pipe.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ドック底版下部外周を止水壁で囲繞するとともに、
同底版下面に砂層を介してアスファルト混合物等からな
る半透水層を重層配設し、同半透水層下面に沿って水抜
管を配設しその上端を梁壁面において渠内に開口してな
ることを特徴とする厚い透水性地層に構築される乾ドッ
ク。
1 Surround the outer periphery of the lower part of the dock bottom plate with a water-stop wall, and
A semi-permeable layer made of an asphalt mixture, etc. is layered on the lower surface of the bottom slab with a sand layer interposed therebetween, and a drainage pipe is provided along the lower surface of the semi-permeable layer, with the upper end opening into the ditch at the beam wall surface. A dry dock constructed in a thick permeable stratum characterized by
JP1117873A 1973-01-29 1973-01-29 Kandotsuku Expired JPS591630B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1117873A JPS591630B2 (en) 1973-01-29 1973-01-29 Kandotsuku

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1117873A JPS591630B2 (en) 1973-01-29 1973-01-29 Kandotsuku

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS49100796A JPS49100796A (en) 1974-09-24
JPS591630B2 true JPS591630B2 (en) 1984-01-13

Family

ID=11770793

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1117873A Expired JPS591630B2 (en) 1973-01-29 1973-01-29 Kandotsuku

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS591630B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS49100796A (en) 1974-09-24

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