JPS59159949A - Electrical contact material - Google Patents
Electrical contact materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59159949A JPS59159949A JP58035072A JP3507283A JPS59159949A JP S59159949 A JPS59159949 A JP S59159949A JP 58035072 A JP58035072 A JP 58035072A JP 3507283 A JP3507283 A JP 3507283A JP S59159949 A JPS59159949 A JP S59159949A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- silver
- weight
- electrical contact
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
イ、技術分野
本発明は銀酸化物系接点材料、特（こ銀−酸化亜鉛一酸
化錫系電気接点材料（こ関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Technical Field The present invention relates to silver oxide-based contact materials, particularly (silver-zinc oxide and tin monoxide-based electrical contact materials).
口、従来技術とその問題点
接点材料としての要件は、■耐溶着性、■耐アーク性、
耐消耗性、■低接触抵抗があげられる。Conventional technology and its problems Requirements for contact materials include ■welding resistance, ■arc resistance,
Abrasion resistance, ■Low contact resistance.
銀−酸化亜鉛系接点材料は接触抵抗特性にすぐれた接点
であるが、耐溶着性、耐消耗性など番こ難点があるため
電磁開閉器、ノーヒユーズ・ブレーカなどの中負荷用接
点材料として十分満足できる特性を得難い問題があった
ｄこの銀−酸化亜鉛系接点材料は内部酸化法、粉末法い
ずれでも製造可能である。内部酸化法）こよるものは銀
基地中に含有できる酸化亜鉛量は１気圧０２雰囲気で内
部酸化する場合金属重量％Ｑこして約８重量％が限界で
ある。耐消耗、耐溶着性を向上するため、他の第６元素
を添加するとこの限界はさら（こ減少する。このため、
内部酸化法では耐消耗、耐溶着性を十分ニ改善・向上す
るに必要な酸化物及び酸化物量を銀基地中に含有するこ
とができない。又酸化物粒子が粗く、かつその分布も不
均一であるため耐溶着性、耐消耗性も劣る。Silver-zinc oxide contact materials have excellent contact resistance characteristics, but have drawbacks such as welding resistance and wear resistance, so they are fully satisfactory as contact materials for medium loads such as electromagnetic switches and no-fuse breakers. This silver-zinc oxide contact material can be manufactured by either the internal oxidation method or the powder method. Internal oxidation method) The maximum amount of zinc oxide that can be contained in the silver base is about 8% by weight (metal weight %Q) when internal oxidation is carried out in an atmosphere of 1 atm. If other sixth elements are added to improve wear resistance and welding resistance, this limit will further decrease.
In the internal oxidation method, it is not possible to contain the oxide and the amount of oxide necessary to sufficiently improve the wear resistance and welding resistance in the silver base. Furthermore, since the oxide particles are coarse and their distribution is non-uniform, the welding resistance and abrasion resistance are also poor.
一方粉末法（こまって製造する場合（こは、内部酸化法
（こよる場合に発生する制約、合金組成の組合せ、量な
どは比較的自由であるが、焼結性が悪い。On the other hand, when manufacturing using the powder method (in this case, the internal oxidation method), the combination of alloy compositions, amounts, etc. are relatively free, but the sinterability is poor.
すなわち焼結のみをこよってほぼ理論密度まで達成する
ことが難しく、空孔が残存する。この空孔残存や銀−酸
化物界面の不整合等により内部酸化製法によるものと比
較して消耗特性が劣り、また接点間の絶縁特性も一般に
劣っている。That is, it is difficult to achieve almost the theoretical density by sintering alone, and pores remain. Due to the remaining vacancies and the mismatch at the silver-oxide interface, the wear characteristics are inferior to those produced by internal oxidation, and the insulation characteristics between contacts are also generally inferior.
このような理由から銀−酸化亜鉛系電気接点材料は現在
、小〜大負荷用接点材料として法尻に使用されていない
。For these reasons, silver-zinc oxide based electrical contact materials are not currently used as contact materials for small to large loads.
ハ１発明の開示
本発明は銀−酸化亜鉛一酸化錫合金の性能向上を目的と
してなされたものである。本発明材は、粉末法）こよっ
て作られる銀−酸化亜鉛合金（こ関するものであり、銀
−酸化亜鉛合金に酸化錫を添加することによって耐溶着
性・耐アーク性・耐消耗性を著しく向上さすとともをこ
、さら（こ酸化リチウム・酸化バナジウム・酸化ボロン
を添加することＱこよって銀−酸化亜鉛一酸化錫合金の
焼結性を改善した電気接点材料を提供するものである。C.1 Disclosure of the Invention The present invention has been made for the purpose of improving the performance of a silver-zinc oxide tin monoxide alloy. The material of the present invention is a silver-zinc oxide alloy made by powder method, and by adding tin oxide to the silver-zinc oxide alloy, it has significantly improved welding resistance, arc resistance, and abrasion resistance. By adding lithium oxide, vanadium oxide, and boron oxide, the present invention provides an electrical contact material in which the sinterability of the silver-zinc oxide tin monoxide alloy is improved.
本発明は酸化亜鉛、酸化錫、酸化リチウム、および酸化
バナジウムと酸化ボロンのいずれか一方もしくは両方、
−残部銀からなる材料で−Ｆ記酸化物の金属割合が亜鉛
５〜６０重量％錫０．２〜５重量％、リチウム０．０１
〜１．０重量％、バナジウム・ボロンのいずれか一方も
しくは両方０．０１〜２．０重量％であり、かつ銀基中
（こ酸化物が均一分散した組織をもつことを特徴とする
電気接点材料である。以下、本発明Ｑこついて詳細（こ
説明する。銀−酸化亜鉛合金に含有される酸化亜鉛は酸
化カドミウムと同じく比較的低温で昇華、揮発しやすい
ので接点開閉後接点表層（こ凝集しくこくい。そのため
低接触抵抗特性Ｑこ優れ通電性が良好である。しかしな
がら耐溶着性、耐アーク性は銀−酸化カドミウム合金、
銀−酸化錫合金と比較すると劣る。銀−酸化亜鉛一酸化
錫合金は酸化錫を加えることによって酸化亜鉛と酸化錫
が反応してＺｎ２５ｎＱ４なる複合酸化物を生成する。The present invention provides zinc oxide, tin oxide, lithium oxide, and either or both of vanadium oxide and boron oxide,
-Material with balance consisting of silver -The metal proportion of the F oxide is 5 to 60% by weight of zinc, 0.2 to 5% by weight of tin, and 0.01% of lithium.
~1.0% by weight, one or both of vanadium and boron 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, and an electrical contact characterized by having a structure in which sulfur oxide is uniformly dispersed in the silver base. The details of the present invention will be explained below. Like cadmium oxide, zinc oxide contained in the silver-zinc oxide alloy sublimates and evaporates easily at relatively low temperatures, so the surface layer of the contact (this material) is It is cohesive and thick. Therefore, it has low contact resistance characteristics Q and good conductivity. However, the welding resistance and arc resistance are better than silver-cadmium oxide alloy,
Inferior to silver-tin oxide alloy. When tin oxide is added to the silver-zinc oxide tin monoxide alloy, zinc oxide and tin oxide react to form a composite oxide called Zn25nQ4.
酸化錫はＺｎ２ＳｎＯ４なる化学量組成により酸化亜鉛
含有量が多い場合、多量（こ３有される酸化亜鉛と反応
して複合酸化物Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４を生成し酸化錫はほとん
ど残らない。Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４はＺｎＯよりも熱的安定性
があるため耐消耗性、耐アーク性、耐溶着性を改善する
ものと考えられる。この場合、焼結特性をより改善する
ために予めＺｎＯとＳｎＯ２を混合焼成してつくったＺ
ｎ２ＳｎＯ４とＺｎＯの混合粉末を銀粉へ添加してもよ
い。Tin oxide has a stoichiometric composition of Zn2SnO4, so when the zinc oxide content is high, it reacts with a large amount of zinc oxide to form a composite oxide Zn2SnO4, leaving almost no tin oxide. It is thought that this improves abrasion resistance, arc resistance, and welding resistance because of its physical stability.
A mixed powder of n2SnO4 and ZnO may be added to the silver powder.
酸化リチウムは複合酸化物Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４や酸化亜鉛と
反応し焼結温度（８８０°Ｃ〜９２０°Ｃ月こお（１て
酸化亜鉛の蒸発損失を防止して焼結。を促進する。Lithium oxide reacts with the composite oxide Zn2SnO4 and zinc oxide to promote sintering at a sintering temperature of 880°C to 920°C (1) to prevent evaporation loss of zinc oxide and promote sintering.
また酸化リチウムは焼結時酸化亜鉛粒子を成長させ、そ
の形状を球状化して酸化物と銀との接触境界面を改善す
る。このため、合金の硬度は低下するが、冷間圧延性な
どの加工性は向上し、耐消耗性、耐アーク性は改善せら
れるものと考えられる。In addition, lithium oxide causes zinc oxide particles to grow during sintering, making the shape spherical and improving the contact interface between the oxide and silver. For this reason, although the hardness of the alloy decreases, it is thought that workability such as cold rolling properties is improved, and wear resistance and arc resistance are improved.
リチウムの添加は炭酸リチウムなどの様（こ粉末状でも
又硝酸リチウム水溶液のように混合しやすし・よう（こ
適当な溶剤をこ溶して液状として加えてもよい。酸化バ
ナジウム、酸化ボロンは７００°Ｃ以−りの焼結温度で
は複合酸化物Ｚｎ２５ｎ０４と反応し、溶融ｖ２０５・
Ｂ２Ｏ３ヘノＺｎ２ＳｎＯ４の溶解、析出、物質移動の
促進により、焼結特性を著しく改善するものである。以
上、詳述したようＱこ酸化リチウム、酸化バナジウム、
酸化ボロンは焼結を促進する効果があり、酸化リチウム
は主４こ酸化亜鉛の焼結性を向上し、また酸化バナジウ
ム、酸化ボロン番よ複合酸化物Ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４と反応す
る。Lithium can be added in the form of powder, such as lithium carbonate, or in a liquid form, such as an aqueous solution of lithium nitrate. At sintering temperatures above °C, it reacts with the composite oxide Zn25n04, resulting in molten v205.
By promoting the dissolution, precipitation, and mass transfer of B2O3henoZn2SnO4, the sintering properties are significantly improved. As detailed above, Q lithium oxide, vanadium oxide,
Boron oxide has the effect of promoting sintering, and lithium oxide mainly improves the sinterability of zinc oxide, and also reacts with vanadium oxide, boron oxide, and composite oxide Zn2SnO4.
酸化リチウムはＺｎ２５ｎＯ＋とも反応して焼結促進を
行なうが、Ｖ２Ｏ５やＢ２Ｏ５＆こ比較してその効果力
；すくない。酸化リチウム、酸化ノくナジウム、酸イヒ
ボロンを添加することで焼結を促進するため（こ、焼結
体の密度を向上するととも（こ、均一（こ酸化物を分散
した焼結体を得ることができる。なお本発明Ｑこおいて
合金元素の含有量を−り記範囲（こ限定した理由は次の
通りである。酸化非錯は金属重量％で一５重量％以下で
は耐溶着性を改善する効果力；すく □なく、また６０
重量％を越えると耐消耗性力；悪イヒし、接触抵抗も増
大して接点材料として好ましくないからである。酸化錫
ぼ金属重量％で０．２重量％以下では酸化亜鉛と反応し
て生成する複合酸化物Ｚｎ２５ｎＯ＋の量がすくなく耐
アーク性、耐消耗性、耐溶着性の改善効果が小さい。ま
た５重量％以上になると接点材料の加工性が悪くなると
ともをこ接触抵抗の増加が顕著（こなってくる。酸化１
ノチウムは金属重量％で０．０１重量％未満では焼結性
を改善される効果がすくない。リチウムは酸化リチウム
の形で存在するとすれば、吸湿性が甚しいので大気中か
ら水分を吸い、接点材料として好ましくない。又リチウ
ムは低い仕事関数の物質であるため、容易Ｑこ電子を放
出する。このため均一（こ接点表面Ｑこ分布していると
平均的Ｏこ接点が消耗するため、かえって耐消耗性は改
善されるが、多すぎると消耗は促進される。特に明確に
限定できないが、１０重量％を越えると、接点の吸湿と
消耗が増大してくる。酸化バナジウム・酸化ボロンのい
ずれか一方もしくは両方は、金属重量％で０．０１〜２
０口重量％含有していることが必要である。０．０１重
量％未満では、焼結性を改善する効果が不充分であり、
２．０重量％を越えると酸化物の凝集・粗大化が顕著番
こなってくる。以上ρよう（こ本発明の電気接点材料は
酸化亜鉛・複合酸化物ｚｎ２ＳｎＯ４を球状化して銀基
中Ｑこ均一かつ微細（こ分散しているので耐溶着性、耐
アーク性、耐消性（こおいてすぐれ、しかも加工性（こ
富んでいる。次に本発明の実施例（３ついて説明する。Lithium oxide also reacts with Zn25nO+ to promote sintering, but its effectiveness is less compared to V2O5 and B2O5&. By adding lithium oxide, sodium oxide, and boron oxide, it is possible to accelerate sintering (to improve the density of the sintered body) and to obtain a sintered body in which the oxides are uniformly dispersed. In the present invention Q, the content of alloying elements is limited to the specified range (the reason for this limitation is as follows.If the oxidized non-complex is less than 15% by weight of the metal, the welding resistance will decrease. Effectiveness to improve; □Naku, again 60
This is because if it exceeds % by weight, the abrasion resistance deteriorates and the contact resistance increases, making it undesirable as a contact material. When the tin oxide metal weight percentage is 0.2% by weight or less, the amount of the composite oxide Zn25nO+ produced by reaction with zinc oxide is small, and the effect of improving arc resistance, wear resistance, and welding resistance is small. In addition, when the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the workability of the contact material deteriorates and the contact resistance increases significantly.
If the amount of notium is less than 0.01% by weight of the metal, the effect of improving sinterability will be small. If lithium were to exist in the form of lithium oxide, it would be highly hygroscopic and would absorb moisture from the atmosphere, making it undesirable as a contact material. Also, since lithium is a substance with a low work function, it easily releases Q electrons. For this reason, if the contact surface is uniformly distributed, the average contact will be worn out, and the wear resistance will be improved, but if there is too much, the wear will be accelerated. Although it cannot be specifically defined, If the amount exceeds 10% by weight, moisture absorption and wear and tear of the contacts will increase.Vanadium oxide and/or boron oxide should be contained in a metal weight% of 0.01 to 2.
It is necessary to contain 0% by weight. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of improving sinterability is insufficient,
When the amount exceeds 2.0% by weight, the oxides tend to aggregate and become coarse. As mentioned above, the electrical contact material of the present invention is made by spheroidizing the zinc oxide/composite oxide zn2SnO4 and uniformly and finely disperses the Q in the silver base. In addition, it has excellent processability.Next, three embodiments of the present invention will be described.
実施例１
電解Ａｇ粉、市販の酸化亜鉛、酸化錫、酸化ノくナジウ
ムを８１ ：１５：３：１の重量比で合計５００ｇ配合
した。これをボールミル中でＩ Ｑ ｈｒ混合後、硝酸
リチウム水溶液へ浸漬処理すること（こよって酸化リチ
ウムを換算して０．２重量％を加λた。この粉末を２ｔ
／Ｃｒｆで型押、空気中Ｑこお（・て５５０°Ｃで３０
分間予備焼結した。次（こ真空１０ ” Ｔｏｒｒで８
８０℃〜９００℃で１時間焼結した後、８５０’ＣＸ
１０． ＯＭＰａ ｘ ２時間の熱間静水圧加工をおこ
なって接点材料を得た。Example 1 A total of 500 g of electrolytic Ag powder, commercially available zinc oxide, tin oxide, and sodium oxide were mixed in a weight ratio of 81:15:3:1. After mixing this powder in a ball mill for IQ hr, it was immersed in a lithium nitrate aqueous solution (thus, 0.2% by weight was added in terms of lithium oxide).
Embossed with /Crf, Q-cooled in air (・30 at 550°C)
Pre-sintered for minutes. Next (vacuum 10” Torr at 8
After sintering at 80℃~900℃ for 1 hour, 850'CX
10. A contact material was obtained by hot isostatic pressing at OMPa x 2 hours.
実施例２
市販の酸化亜鉛１０’Ｏｇ・酸化錫２５ｇを混合し、１
６００℃で２時間予備焼成してＺｎＯとＺｎ２ＳｎＯ４
からなる混合粉末を得た。この混合粉末（こ電解銀粉８
６８ ｇｓ酸化バナジウム２ｇ１酸化ボロンろｇを添加
し、乾式ボールミルでＡｒガス中、４８時間混合後、硝
酸リチウム水溶液へ浸漬処理すること（こよって酸化リ
チウム番こ換算して２ｇを加えた。この混合粉末を２ｔ
／Ｃｒｆで型押、空気中（こおいて５５０°Ｃ・６０分
間予備焼結した。次※こ真空ホントブレスで９０口°Ｃ
・１時間、焼結させて接点材料を得た。以上の実施例で
得られた電気接点材料を市販の３０ＡＦ１５００Ａ速断
のブレーカ（こ組込み、第１表瘉こ示す条件で試験を行
ない耐溶着性を評価した。その結果を第２表警こ示す。Example 2 10'Og of commercially available zinc oxide and 25g of tin oxide were mixed and 1
ZnO and Zn2SnO4 were pre-calcined at 600℃ for 2 hours.
A mixed powder consisting of was obtained. This mixed powder (electrolytic silver powder 8
Add 2 g of 68 gs vanadium oxide and 1 g of boron oxide, mix in Ar gas in a dry ball mill for 48 hours, and then immerse in a lithium nitrate aqueous solution (therefore, 2 g in terms of lithium oxide was added. This mixture 2t of powder
Embossed with /Crf, pre-sintered in air (at 550°C for 60 minutes).
- A contact material was obtained by sintering for 1 hour. The electrical contact materials obtained in the above examples were incorporated into a commercially available 30AF1500A fast-acting breaker and tested under the conditions shown in Table 1 to evaluate the welding resistance.The results are shown in Table 2.
比較のためくこ酸化リチウムなどの無添加材と銀−１０
重量％酸化カドミニウムの結果を併記する。For comparison, additive-free materials such as lithium oxide and silver-10
The results for weight percent cadmium oxide are also shown.
第１表
第２表
以上詳述した如く、本発明Ｑこよる電気接点材料は酸化
リチウ゛ム・酸化バナジウム・酸化ホロン添加（こより
従来の銀−酸化亜鉛一酸化錫系接点材料の性能をさら（
こ高めたものであり接点として優れた性能をもつもので
その工業的価値は大きいものである。As detailed above in Table 1 and Table 2, the electrical contact material according to the present invention Q contains lithium oxide, vanadium oxide, and phoron oxide (which improves the performance of conventional silver-zinc oxide and tin monoxide-based contact materials).
It has improved performance as a contact point, and its industrial value is great.
Claims (1)
ジウムと酸化ボロンのいずれか一方もしくは両方で残部
銀からなる電気接点材料で上記酸化物の金属割合が亜鉛
５〜６０重量％、錫０．２〜５重量％、リチウム０．０
１〜１．０重量％、バナジウム゛・ボロンのいずれか一
方もしくは両方００１〜２．０重量％であり、かつ銀基
地中を二酸化物が均一（こ分散した組織をもつことを特
徴とする電気接点材料。(1) An electrical contact material consisting of zinc oxide, tin oxide, lithium oxide, vanadium oxide, and/or boron oxide, the balance being silver, in which the metal proportion of the oxides is 5 to 60% by weight of zinc and 0.2% of tin. ~5% by weight, 0.0 lithium
1 to 1.0% by weight, one or both of vanadium and boron, and 001 to 2.0% by weight, and has a structure in which the dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the silver base. Contact material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58035072A JPS59159949A (en) | 1983-03-03 | 1983-03-03 | Electrical contact material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58035072A JPS59159949A (en) | 1983-03-03 | 1983-03-03 | Electrical contact material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59159949A true JPS59159949A (en) | 1984-09-10 |
| JPS6261659B2 JPS6261659B2 (en) | 1987-12-22 |
Family
ID=12431791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58035072A Granted JPS59159949A (en) | 1983-03-03 | 1983-03-03 | Electrical contact material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59159949A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7871664B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2011-01-18 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same |
| CN109360980A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of positive electrode boric acid vanadium lithium and products thereof and application |
| CN112725652A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver zinc oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
-
1983
- 1983-03-03 JP JP58035072A patent/JPS59159949A/en active Granted
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7871664B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2011-01-18 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same |
| US8303124B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2012-11-06 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same |
| US8585225B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2013-11-19 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Parabolic trough or dish reflector for use in concentrating solar power apparatus and method of making same |
| CN109360980A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of positive electrode boric acid vanadium lithium and products thereof and application |
| CN112725652A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver zinc oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112725652B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-01-04 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver zinc oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6261659B2 (en) | 1987-12-22 |
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