JPS59158205A - Method and device for preserving and treating wood - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for preserving wood. More specifically, the present invention uses a solution of a non-volatile wood preservation agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, uniformly impregnates the wood with the wood preservation agent, and produces a high yield of organic solvent. The present invention relates to a method and device for preserving and treating wood that can be recovered at a high rate and is safe and economical.

Background of the technology In recent years, the depletion of forest resources has become a worldwide concern. Wood has many excellent properties that cannot be obtained from man-made materials, and it is said that it is the duty of modern humans to use such wood with care.

One disadvantage of wood is that it is susceptible to microbial decay, mold, and mildew.
Additionally, it is susceptible to insect damage and has a low shelf life. In order to reduce or eliminate these drawbacks, various wood preservation treatment methods and devices have been proposed for wood.

Creosote oil treatment, which was traditionally used for utility poles and railway sleepers, was inconvenient to handle, so a method of impregnating wood with an aqueous solution of compounds such as copper, chromium, copper, and arsenic has been developed. has the following drawbacks.

(a) Water is also impregnated with the treatment agent, and the wood reswells. Therefore, it is necessary to re-dry the wood after chemical treatment.

(b) The re-drying process often causes undesirable changes in the size and shape of the wood.

C. Therefore, it is inappropriate to apply such a treatment method to wood that has been prepared to a predetermined size and shape.

2) Since the drug is highly toxic and water-soluble, there is a risk of re-elution of the drug impregnated during use.

(e) It is necessary to treat the treatment solution to prevent pollution.

(f) The permeation rate of the aqueous chemical solution into the wood is low, resulting in low work efficiency.

In order to prevent the above-mentioned drawbacks, it has been proposed to use a treatment solution containing a water-insoluble wood preservation agent dissolved in an organic solvent. It is difficult to impregnate organic solvents and efficiently recover organic solvents, and the stage of practical use has not yet been reached.

Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preserving wood that can safely and efficiently treat wood using an organic solvent solution of a wood preservation agent and recover the organic solvent at a high yield. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and apparatus.

Summary of the Invention The wood treatment method of the present invention includes the steps of: A) charging wood into a closed impregnating end; and B) sealing the impregnating can and reducing the pressure inside. C) introducing a solution of a non-volatile wood preservation agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent into the impregnating can to impregnate the wood, and D) removing the remaining solution from the impregnating can. E) reseal the impregnating can and reduce the pressure inside to vaporize and suction the organic solvent in the wood; F) pressurize and compress the suctioned organic solvent vapor to increase its temperature. , G) cooling the compressed organic solvent vapor whose temperature has increased to a temperature lower than its boiling point under the pressure to liquefy it, recovering the liquefied organic solvent, and The method includes removing the wood from the impregnation can.

Furthermore, the preservation treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises: A) a solution tank containing a solution of a non-volatile wood preservation agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent; B) an inlet for the solution connected to the solution tank; and an outlet for the solution, and having an internal space for accommodating the wood to be treated; C) a pressure reduction device connected to the impregnation end; 1) connected to the pressure reduction device; and E) a vapor condensing device connected to the vapor compressor and having a liquid outlet.

In the present invention, the wood preservation agent is a general term for preservatives that prevent wood from rotting due to bacteria, fungicides that prevent mold growth, and insect repellents that prevent insect damage. The wood preservation agent used in the present invention is non-volatile and soluble in the organic solvent used therewith. Generally, it is preferred that the wood preservation agent used in the present invention is insoluble in water.

The wood preservation agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above requirements. Iodopropargyl formal (for example, Nagashio Sangyo commercially available IF)
-1000); hydroxylamine compounds such as xylazane commercially available from Sankyo Pharmaceutical; benzimidazole compounds; copper naphthenate, 8
-organic copper compounds such as oxyquinoline copper; organochlorine compounds such as chlordane commercially available from Versicol Pacific; organophosphorus compounds such as Phoxim commercially available from Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and organophosphorus compounds such as phoxim commercially available from Takeda Pharmaceutical One or a mixture of two or more non-volatile agents such as Permeslinger and other pyrethroid compounds can be used.

The organic solvent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the above-mentioned wood preservation agent and is volatile. Such an organic solvent preferably has a boiling point of 110°C or less under atmospheric pressure, and more preferably a boiling point of 20 to 70°C.

As organic solvents that can be used in the present invention, id, n
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene; fluorinated hydrocarbons such as trifluorotrichloroethane; , for example acetonitrile, which nitriles,
Ketones such as azetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc., ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, wood preservation agents such as those mentioned above can be dissolved in organic solvents at any desired concentration, but generally about 0.1 to 1.0%. Used in concentration.

The method and apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a closed impregnator 1 has a lid 3 for loading and unloading the wood 2 to be treated.

The impregnating end 1 is made of stainless steel or the part that comes in contact with the liquid is made of stainless steel, and its size is set appropriately depending on the size of the wood to be treated. It may be possible to process it.

This closed type impregnation tank 1 is connected via a valve 4 to a solution tank 10 containing an organic solvent solution of a wood preservation agent and has a solution inlet 1a, and is connected via a valve 5 to a solution tank 10 containing an organic solvent solution of a wood preservation agent. The impregnation end 1 has a solution outlet 1b which is connected to a solution circulation pump 11, and the impregnation end 1 further has a steam outlet 1c which communicates with a vacuum pump 9 for reducing pressure through a valve 7. ,ing.

The solution circulation pump 11 communicates with the solution tank io by a conduit.

The vacuum pump 9 is connected to a vapor compressor 13 via a valve 12 and communicates with the atmosphere via a valve 8.

Vapor compressor 13 is connected to vapor condensing device 14 .

The steam condensing device 14 has a cooler 14a.

The liquid outlet 14b of the vapor condensing device 14 communicates with the liquefied organic solution recovery tank 15 via the valve 16.

The recovery tank 15 may be connected to the solution tank 10 via an organic solvent circulation pump 17 as shown in FIG.

Using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, the method of the present invention is carried out as follows.

First, open the indigo 3, charge the wood 2 into the impregnation can 1, close the lid 3, close the valves 4, 5, and 12, open the valves 7 and 8, and turn on the vacuum pump 9. Drive and impregnate fi
Reduce the pressure inside ii1. The degree of vacuum inside the pulp at this time varies depending on the type, size, shape, etc. of the wood, but in general it is 60+
n+nHg (degree of vacuum) or less is sufficient. When the intramedullary area is maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum for a predetermined period of time, for example, 10 minutes to 30 minutes,
Air inside the wood and volatile substances are removed.

Next, valve 7 is closed, vacuum pump 9 is stopped, valve 4 is opened, and the solution is pumped into the pulp from solution tank 10 in an amount sufficient to fully immerse the wood. After the solution is introduced, the valve 4 is closed and the wood is immersed in the solution for a predetermined time, for example, 10 minutes to 30 minutes, so that a portion of the solution is immersed inside the wood.

When the above-mentioned impregnation operation is completed, the valve 5 is opened and the solution circulation pump 11 is operated to return the remaining intramedullary solution to the solution tank 10. When this operation is completed, pump II is stopped and valve 5 is closed.

Then, with valve 8 closed, valves 7 and 12 are opened, vacuum pump 9 is driven, and vapor compressor 13 is also driven. Then, the pressure inside the impregnation can 1 is reduced, the boiling point of the volatile organic solvent in the wood is lowered, and the volatile organic solvent in the wood is easily evaporated. Non-volatile wood preservatives are retained within the wood without vaporizing. At this time, the initial temperature of the wood and solution is higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent, which is lowered under reduced pressure, so that the latent heat of evaporation of the organic solvent is supplied from the heat possessed by the wood and solution themselves. . Therefore, depending on the type of organic solvent, the degree of vacuum in the medullary can be set to 100 mmHg or more, or 50 to 5xHg for decapitation.
It's embarrassing to do that.

The organic solvent vapor is sent from the pump 9 through the valve 12 to the vapor compressor 13, where it is compressed.

There is no limit to the pressure at this time, but it is generally 0.2 to 0.5
It is compressed until it exhibits a pressure of the order of Kg/cm.

As a result, the temperature of the compressed steam naturally increases. The humidity at this time is generally 30 to 50°C. Under such pressure, the boiling point (liquefaction temperature of the vapor) of the organic solvent increases, so the compressed vapor can be liquefied by cooling it below its liquefaction temperature. Therefore, the pressure of the steam produced by the compressor is set so that the temperature of the compressed steam increased by this compression operation is also higher than the temperature of the refrigerant (chilled water, etc.) used in the condensing device. Next, the compressed vapor is sent to the condensing device 14, where the compressed vapor is cooled to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the organic solvent (the liquefaction point of the vapor) under the pressure, and is liquefied. do.

The liquefied organic solvent is sent to the organic solvent recovery tank 15 through the pulp 16 opened from the discharge port 14b.

The recovered organic solvent is sent to the solution tank 1.0 by the circulation pump 17 and reused, if necessary. The treated wood is also removed from the impregnation can.

In the condensing device, if the temperature of the liquefied organic solvent obtained by cooling and condensing the vapor is higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent under atmospheric pressure, the condensing device 14 is used as shown in FIG. From there, the liquefied organic solvent may be sent to the cooling device 18 via the outlet 14b1 and the valve 16, where the temperature of the organic solvent may be adjusted to a temperature much lower than its boiling point under atmospheric pressure. In this way, the recovered organic solvent can be handled under atmospheric pressure.

Example 1 Five pieces of lauan material having a moisture content of 18% and measuring 5c1n square and 1OOcIn long were placed in the impregnation can 1 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and the lid 3 was closed to seal it. The valves 4 and 5 were closed, the valves 7 and 8 were opened, and the vacuum pump 9 was operated to reduce the pressure in the pulp to -Hg for 60 minutes, and the air in the pulp and the wood was exhausted for 30 minutes. Next, close the valve 7, open the valve 4, and add 1.0% 1.0% methylene chloride to the chemical tank 10 in advance. F-1000 and 0.5
% of chlordane dissolved therein was introduced into the pulp, and after the pulp was filled with the solution, it was left to stand for about 30 minutes to allow the chemical solution to permeate into the wood. The amount of solution injected at this time was 158 kg.
/m”.

Next, valve 5 was opened, pump 11 was driven to return excess chemical solution to chemical tank 10, and valves 4, 5 and 6 were closed. Next, the valves 7 and 12 were opened, the vacuum pump 9 and the compressor 13 were driven, the intramedullary pressure was reduced to 30 waHg (degree of vacuum), the evaporated solvent was sucked, and the compressor was used to reduce the pressure to 0.5 KSI/
The pressure was increased to 43° C. by applying pressure to cm 2 , and the mixture was cooled to 25° C. in a condenser 14 to liquefy it, and the mixture was recovered in a recovery tank 15 . The working time up to this point was approximately 2 hours, and the recovery rate of methylene chloride at this time was 92.4%, and the moisture content of the wood after treatment was 15%.

A test piece was collected from this treated wood and JISA 9302 "
The preservative efficacy was confirmed according to "Testing Method for Preservative Efficacy of Wood Preservatives" K. That is, the test bacteria were two types of wood-decaying fungi, Ophthalmia nigra and C. versicolor, cultured in a sea sand culture medium, and a test piece that had been subjected to weathering operations 0 and 10 times in advance was placed on top of the test bacteria, and the temperature was 26±. 9 In a place with a temperature of 2℃ and a relative humidity of 70% or more.
Leave to rot for 0 days. After decay, take out the test specimen, remove mycelium and other deposits from the surface, dry it, measure its weight, determine the weight loss rate, and compare with the untreated specimen. The potency value was determined.

Similarly, test pieces were taken from this treated wood and used as standard No. 8 of the Japan Wood Preservation Association, “Insect repellent efficacy testing method for wood insect repellents (1).
]', the insect repellent efficacy was confirmed.

That is, 30 larvae of 5 specimens (5 specimens per specimen, 30 specimens) were placed into holes drilled at both ends of the test specimens, and the larvae of the Japanese yellow beetle, which had been artificially reared in advance, were placed at approximately 25°C, R,).

After rearing at 70 to 75% for 21 days, the animals were observed using a soft X-ray device, and the efficacy was determined based on the average dead weight rate.

In addition, as a comparative example of antiseptic and insect repellent effects, J
A test piece treated with an aqueous solution of chromium, copper, and arsenic compound wood preservative J2.OJ% specified by ISK 1554 was used.The above results are shown in Tables 1 and 2- below.

Example 2 2α (thickness) x 30 cm (width) x 100 cm with moisture content of 16%
Trichloroethane 1.0 using 5 sheets of lauan material (mC length)
% IF-1000 and 0.1% fuxime were dissolved in a working solution in the same manner as in Example 1. The injection rate at this time was 147 h/m s, the recovery rate of the solvent was 94.8%, and the moisture content of the wood after treatment was 14%. A test specimen was collected from this treated wood in the same manner as in Example 1,
The antiseptic and insect repellent efficacy was determined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
Shown below.

Example 3 2 crn (thickness) x 5 crn (width) x 10 with moisture content of 22%
Using 10 pieces of hemlock wood (0cmC length), the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out using a working solution in which 1.0% chiintom and 0.5% methrin were dissolved in trifluorotrichloride ethane. did. The injection amount at this time was -y/m3 in IB3, the solvent recovery rate was 91.1%, and the moisture content of the wood after treatment was 18%.

Test specimens were collected from this treated wood in the same manner as in Example 1, and tested for antiseptic efficacy and insect repellent efficacy. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Table 1 Insect repellent efficacy test Yuizumi (Efficacy value) Versacea versicolor 0 times 10 times 0 times 10 times Example 195 91 91 8829
3 90 91 86 391 90 89 86 Comparative example 91 90 86 85 (
Note) Efficacy value is 90 or higher for Versaceae and PiSO or higher for Kawaratake Gin.Example 1 1
00 2 100 3 96.6 Comparative Example 93.3 (Note) An average mortality rate of 95% or more is a passing effect.The method and apparatus of the present invention have the following effects.

(a) Since the treatment liquid does not contain water, the wood does not swell again when exposed to water, and the moisture content of the wood tends to decrease during the treatment. Therefore, re-drying after treatment is not necessary.

(b) There is no change in the size or shape of the wood due to treatment.

Therefore, it is possible to process the water cone after it has been processed into the final desired size and shape, and immediately after the treatment, it can be subjected to the desired finishing process (adhesion, painting, assembly) (/→ Recovery of organic solvents) High efficiency and can be reused.

2) The treatment process is highly safe and there is no need to worry about pollution.

(e) Low processing cost.

(f) The quality of the product is excellent because the wood preservation agent penetrates well into the wood and is retained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one example of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the apparatus of the present invention. l...impregnation can, 2...wood, 9...
Vacuum pump, lO...solution tank, 11...
Solution circulation pump, 13... Compressor, 14... Steam condensing device, 15... Recovery organic solvent tank, 17... Recovery organic solvent circulation pump, 18... Cooling device. Patent applicant Nissan Agriculture and Forestry Co., Ltd. Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Patent agent Akira Aoki Patent attorney Kazuyuki Nishidate Patent attorney Akira Yamaguchi Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In order to impregnate wood with a wood preservation agent, A) charging the wood into a closed type impregnating section, B) sealing the impregnating can and reducing the pressure inside the section, and C) volatilization. D) introducing a solution of a non-volatile wood preservation agent dissolved in a soluble organic solvent into the impregnating section to impregnate the wood; D) draining the remaining solution from the impregnating can; E) sealing the impregnating can again and vacuuming the interior to vaporize and suction the organic solvent in the wood; F) pressurizing and compressing the suctioned organic solvent vapor to increase its temperature; G) The compressed organic solvent vapor whose temperature has been increased is
1.1) liquefy it by cooling it to a temperature lower than its boiling point in H]; and 1.1)
A method for preserving and treating wood, comprising: removing the treated water from the impregnation can. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the humidity of the liquefied organic solvent is adjusted to a temperature lower than its boiling point under atmospheric pressure. 3. A) a solution tank containing a solution of a nonvolatile wood preservation agent dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, and B) an inlet for the solution connected to the solution tank, and an outlet for the solution. a closed type impregnation iron having an internal space for accommodating wood to be treated; C) a pressure reduction device connected to the impregnation can; D) a vapor compressor connected to the pressure reduction device; and E) the above. A wood preservation treatment apparatus, comprising: a vapor condensing apparatus connected to a vapor compressor and having a liquid outlet; 4. the vapor condensing device is connected to the vapor compressor;
A device that cools and liquefies compressed vapor sent from a vapor compressor to a temperature below the boiling point of the organic solvent under the pressure; 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a cooling device to a temperature below its boiling point.