JPS59154925A - Optimum control system of plant growing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is a control system that can always obtain the maximum growth rate even when optimal growth conditions are unknown, by introducing an appropriate control system into the environmental control of a plant cultivation plant. Regarding.

In recent years, we have further advanced the artificial cultivation of plants in 6-room rooms, etc., and we have increased the number of seeds, the C02# degree, the illuminance, and the concentration of hydroponic solution.
pH etc. 41! U+ is being carried out to artificially manage all the conditions that affect the growth of plants and dramatically increase productivity.

To control the environment of a plant growing plant for this purpose, generally, the optimum control wave V is set in advance empirically or practically, and the control wave of 7 runs is run to the valley side to maintain the set value. It was a feedforward control.

However, this system requires a control program to determine the V)Lil1 value for each side tauit, and to change the V)Lil1 value depending on the level of tauit depending on the safety level, so a new variety QfC is required. The design of a plant for this purpose requires a long time, and this drawback becomes even greater as the amount of control increases. Furthermore, the optimal environment varies depending on the plant's growth period, the interrelationship of each control, the plant's previous history, and cultivation assistance. For example, in general, the photosynthesis rate of plants increases as the illuminance increases, and for shade plants, the rate of photosynthesis increases by approximately 10
It is known that klX is saturated with Nox to about 50% in solar plants. However, in actual cultivation conditions, 50ktx
The rate of photosynthesis does not increase even if the amount exceeds
This is thought to be because even though the area directly exposed to light is already saturated, the shaded area that directly receives light has not yet reached saturation. These conditions change with the growth of the plant, and it is impossible to preset the primary conditions at any given time.

This invention focuses on the fact that the growth rate of plants, that is, the rate of cooling, is influenced by the rate of light growth, and that photosynthesis involves CO20 consumption. Each control is controlled to the maximum. By introducing the @through control method into this control, it has become possible to automatically set growing conditions that always keep the optimum value in mind, without knowing in advance the optimum value for the cultivated plants.

A detailed explanation will be given below with reference to the drawings. A conceptual diagram of the entire plant growing plant of this invention is shown in FIG. 1, and a conceptual diagram of its control system is shown in FIG. 2.

The cultivation room 1 of the plant is placed under light regardless of day or night due to sunlight or rung 2. In natural growth, there is a photosynthesis period during the day and a respiration period at night (V), but it is known from experimental studies that there is no adverse effect on plant growth even if photosynthesis is carried out separately during the day and night. There is.

There is an assimilation box 3 made of transparent vinyl sheets in the cultivation room.
is placed therein, beads of plants are planted therein in a state similar to that in the kernel cultivation room, and a door 4 is attached to be openable and closable by a solenoid 5. 6 is a fan, assimilation box 3 when the door is opened.
- It provides ventilation and maintains the same atmosphere as the cultivation room, and works to make the condition inside the assimilation box 3 uniform when the door is closed.

In this embodiment, the photosynthesis rate in the cultivation room is measured as the rate of change of CO, 1Iki in the assimilation box 3, and a sensor 7 for detecting CO noodle variation in the assimilation box 3 is provided for this purpose. You can be caught.

8 is a temperature and humidity V) detection sensor, 9 is a control computer, 10 is an air conditioner, and 11 is a CO2O2 concentration control sensor.
2 cylinders, 12 an interface, and 13 a light control device.

This control system operates as follows.

The control of co2ai is carried out as follows.

C02I! As the llI degree increases, the photosynthesis rate also increases, and in order to avoid malfunctions in the 0 control, which is known to reach saturation above a certain level, an upper limit cage larger than a normal saturation pupil is set in advance. Also, set the concentration interval of the platform that changes the concentration.0 First, open the -assimilation box 30+4, and
The atmosphere in the cultivation room and the assimilation box were made the same by forced ventilation through the chamber 6, and the temperature was measured at 9602111 degrees using the sensor 7. Next, the door 4 is closed by the solenoid 5, and the CO2 concentration is measured after 3 minutes after being kept for a certain period of time, and the concentration decrease value during that time is memorized. Next, open the C02 cylinder 11, adjust the e-row spacing you set earlier, and grow so many ppm of C02I in the cultivation room! Add a few yen of CO2 gas to increase the li degree. The density reduction value at the new density is measured in the same way as above and compared with the previously stored density reduction value. If the decrease value is larger at the new concentration, it means that the photosynthesis rate has increased due to the increase in COa degree, so one more step CO2
The same measurement as above is carried out by increasing the number of points U.

In reality, variations in measurements occur, so measurements are performed a set number of times (N is 6 times) at the same concentration, and the measurements @Q sum, average, and sum of squares are calculated, and the photosynthetic rate of the two times is distributed. Analyze and test the significance of the difference 0 measurement results
As shown in the figure.

When CO regression reaches near the saturation point, the photosynthetic rate between degrees III in 2-) is a o o o ppm and 3 s o o
As if measured in ppm, the difference is judged to be "not significant", so the concentration control is temporarily stopped with that point as the optimum point, and the control amount of the pond is adjusted by keeping the # degree constant. Continue to control to optimize.

After optimizing all 11 control quantities for the pond, the concentration is again optimized under changing pond conditions, and by repeating this optimization, the overall optimum value for each control site is reached. and converge.

Once the optimum value is reached, the state will be maintained for a while, and once the plants have grown to a certain extent, the same optimization will be carried out again.Knead the above beef tallow until the detected photosynthetic rate Q difference is judged to be "significant". I will return it, but I did the AI calculation of the concentration for a long time,
If it exceeds the upper limit, the conditions are considered inappropriate and the fielding will be stopped in this case as well.

The above control procedure is illustrated in FIG.

Regarding other V), the temperature Q system (goods) is carried out as follows.

Regarding temperature, unlike illuminance and CO#1 degrees, no saturation phenomenon is observed, and it is known that an optimal curve is drawn. Regarding controlled variables that exhibit saturation, if the saturated state is maintained, there will be no noticeable decrease in the photosynthetic rate even if there is some variation in the amount of Q control, but controlled variables that draw an optimal curve will always maintain their peak. "Youni Tsukuda" it becomes necessary to moan.

The temperature control 11Q program is almost the same as the 002 concentration change control program, except that the control 1141 factor is temperature. However, there is a difference in that control continues even if the analysis of variance is not significant because of the existence of Koshiki Daicho.

If you compare the photosynthesis rate at two temperatures, and if the current photosynthesis rate is lower than the previous one, then multiply the temperature interval by 10.5 and apply it to the next temperature.
Z)- is used as the interval and the control tri1 is continued. In this way, if the temperature interval becomes less than the preset minimum temperature interval, then
O□As in the case of high control, the control is temporarily stopped. For example, considering the temperature shown in Figure 5 (which shows the uniformity of measurement), if the average value is smaller at 26°C than at 20°C by measuring at 6°C intervals, then the temperature interval -0,5@,
That is, the temperature is lowered by 3°C and measured at 23°C. As a result, 26
If ℃ and 23℃υ are larger, lower the temperature by 3℃ and compare the photosynthesis rates. Since the photosynthesis rate decreases at 17℃ compared to 20℃, here we also change the temperature interval to -0,
5@L, increase the temperature by 1.5°C and measure at 18.5°C.

By repeating such control measurements, if the temperature [interval is set at -0.5@] is set, e.g., 1℃ or less, then the @
Temperature control is stopped assuming that the temperature is almost at the maximum a@,
Move on to control of the next controlled variable. The program's 70-tayat is shown in Figure 6. To prevent malfunction, the temperature should be 1138℃ or higher, and 10℃.
If the following conditions are set, the control will be terminated as the first condition is unlucky, as before.0 Depending on the necessity, it is also possible to control a combination of multiple control variables instead of controlling them individually. . Figure 7 1 shows an example of combined optimal control of temperature and CO2 degrees.
The search is started from , and the control amount is changed in the order of the subscripts of the plot in FIG. As is clear from the figure, 1
From 2 to 2 is the change in temperature, and from 2 to 3 is the CO2 concentration i
This is due to the change in Irikai, and from 3 to 4 both warm 1 and coy are changed. In the example shown, the optimal point is 2 at the 13th time.
It reached 2600 ppm at 0°C.

In this way, if each control amount is controlled in a step-by-step manner so that the rate of decrease in CO2 concentration is maximized, that is, the rate of photosynthesis is maximized, the results will be independent of the plant's Q characteristics, cultivation conditions, etc. This is a conflict that has the extremely remarkable effect of being able to always maintain each control amount at its maximum value, taking into account their mutual relationships.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a diagram of the entire plant growing plant of this invention, Figure 2 is a diagram of its control system, Figure 3 is a diagram of the relationship between COA degree and photosynthetic rate, and Figure 4 is a diagram of the COP degree control curve. 70-gram chart, Figure 5 is a diagram of the relationship between temperature and photosynthetic rate, Figure 6 is the temperature control program 70-ch, yard,
Figure 7 is a temperature-concentration diagram 1 for combined control of temperature and 005 degrees:
Cultivation room 2: Lamp 3: Assimilation box 4: #' 5: Solenoid 6: 7 Anne 7: C02 sensor 8: Temperature/hygrometer 9: Control computer 10: Air conditioner 1
1: C02 cylinder patent applicant New Technology Development Corporation Applicant agent Patent attorney Fumi Sato Man No.
6 Diagram α Q 26 3238 Temperature ℃ Diagram o1! f mail

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A cultivation room for seven plants, a CO2 concentration measuring device, a device for changing the control t1m of the CO2 concentration, temperature, heat application, etc. at every fixed step, and every change in each side ah. It has a device that measures the CO2 concentration and calculates the CO2 consumption rate from the measured value, and when the CO2 consumption rate reaches the maximum, it temporarily stops the nuclear control quantity Q control and then optimizes the pond control 1. 2) A system for plant cultivation plants that is characterized by maintaining the cultivation chamber (0 row H) so that the growth rate of the plants is at its maximum. It has a plant grown on sweat,
Inside the assimilation box υC with a door that can be opened and closed at will between the cultivation room and the above cultivation room
02 Optimum control system for patented mackerel ice range No. 1 featuring a knob for detecting consumption speed