JPS59154237A - Trencher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To excavate a trench of any shape by providing an excavator in a freely turnable manner back and forth bilaterally around its central shaft on the tip of the tilting boom of the upper slewing base of the upper vehicular body turnable around the parallel shaft in the running direction. CONSTITUTION:A frame 30 integrally supporting the lower travelers 6A and 6B is pivotally connected in a freely turnable manner bilaterally around the advancing direction of the vehicle to the upper frame 2. A slewing base 41 is pivotally supported in a horizontally turnable manner on the upper part of the rear end of the upper frame 2, and a pair of booms 50 are pivotally supported on the slewing base 41 in a tilting manner. An arm 54 is pivotally supported on the tip of the paired booms 50 in a tilting manner, and a holder mechanism 57 to hold an endless chain type excavator 50 is provided between the paired arms 54. The holder mechanism 57 is provided such that it can freely turn around the shaft in parallel with the advancing direction of the vehicle, move back and forth in a rocking manner, and turn around the excavator.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention provides a trench excavator capable of freely excavating not only arbitrary grooves such as two straight grooves, two curved grooves, and zigzag grooves, but also vertical holes, connecting grooves, etc. Regarding.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, this type of trench excavation machine has a Chenlada set,
Although rotary packet-type excavation equipment is mounted on a traveling vehicle body, due to the structure of the excavation equipment itself, all excavation equipment can only excavate straight trenches, making it difficult to excavate curved trenches. In particular, acute angles (
When excavating a so-called zigzag trench that is bent at an obtuse angle, it is difficult to change direction at the bend, so stop the excavation work, pull out the excavation equipment from the trench, and move the trench excavator to the specified position. It became necessary to repeat the work procedure of turning the excavator in the same direction, then lowering the excavator into the ground until it reached a predetermined depth. For this reason, it is suitable for excavating grooves along equal straight lines on slopes of mountains and hills, curved grooves that surround or bypass trees, rocks, etc., orthogonal grooves for cutting the roots of buildings, etc., and other folded grooves. It has the disadvantage of lacking versatility.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and includes a boom that can be raised, raised, and rotated freely on a traveling vehicle body.
The suspension holding mechanism installed at the tip of this boom forms a roughly pillar-shaped shaft with its central axis 1 (1 rotation). Each time the excavation equipment is suspended, a zigzag groove, a short The present invention provides a trench excavator capable of freely excavating or re-excavating trenches, vertical holes, access trenches, etc.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a trench excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of the same machine, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of the same machine, and FIG. The figure is a partially cutaway rear view of the excavation device, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of the traveling device, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a trench excavator indicated by the reference numeral 1 includes a traveling vehicle body 2 that extends long in the front-rear direction and forms a bottom box-shaped shell structure. At the front end of the upper surface of the traveling vehicle body 2, there is an engine 3, a hydraulic power device (not shown) that is driven by the engine 3 to generate oil pressure, and a hydraulic power device (not shown) that controls the oil pressure as described below. 8 each including hydraulic control device U4 (not shown) that operates various hydraulic devices
11i control device is installed. Further, a driver's cab 5 is provided at the front end of the traveling vehicle body 2 in which a worker 4 rides and operates the trench excavator 1 itself and various devices 8 mechanisms described later. A pair of traveling devices 6A and 6B, which will be described later, are disposed on both sides of the vehicle body 20 and extend over almost the entire length of the traveling vehicle body 2. And the pair of traveling devices 6
A and 6B are a pair of front and rear suspension devices 7A and 7B disposed on the lower surface of the traveling vehicle body 2.

8A and 8B, each of which is independently rotatably held in the vertical direction.

Here, since the traveling devices 6A and 6B are configured identically, on the other hand, for example, only the traveling device 6A is mainly used as the first
2, 3, and 5, this traveling device 6A is located on the side of the traveling vehicle body 2 and extends long in the front and rear direction. (See Figure 3). A pair of plates 11.12 extending to the front and rear of the frame 10, respectively, are firmly fixed to the outer and inner surfaces of the frame 10, and between the tips of these plates 11.12, A guide wheel 13 is rotatably disposed via a shaft 14. - a bracket 15 between the rear ends of said pair of plates 11.12;
is fixed, and a starting wheel 16 and a power transmission wheel 11 consisting of a sprocket are fixed to a shaft 18 that is pivotally supported by this bracket 15.
is fixed. A plurality of small wheels 20 are rotatably supported between the pair of plays 111 and 12 at appropriate intervals above and below the frame 10. The guide wheel 13 and the starting wheel 1
A track 21 is passed between the holes 6 and 6 and covers the frame 10 and the top 1 of the play 11.12. This track 2
A glove 22 is integrally provided on the outer circumferential surface of the motor 1 over the entire circumference, while a drive chain 23 is provided over the entire circumference in the inner circumferential direction corresponding to the starting wheel 16 . The drive chain 23 meshes with the teeth 16a of the starting wheel 16ρ (see FIG. 5) at the bent portion on the rear end side of the crawler belt 21, and the bent portion on the end side is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the guide wheel 13, and the upper and lower portions are connected to each other. The straight portion is in contact with the wheel 20.

A hydraulic motor 25 with a reduction gear is provided for the power transmission wheel 1T.
A chain 2 is disposed between the sprocket 26 fixed to the output shaft of the motor 25 and the power transmission wheel 17.
7 is passed. As shown in FIG. When the power is transmitted through the sprocket 26 and the chain 27, the starting wheel 16, which is commonly fixed to the shaft 18, rotates together with the power transmission wheel 17, causing the crawler track 21 to rotate. When the tracks 21 of the traveling devices 6A+6B are rotated in the same direction at the same speed, the traveling vehicle body 2 moves forward or backward in a straight line, and turning left and right depends on the rotational speed of the hydraulic motors 25 of the left and right traveling devices 6A and 6B. This is done by braking the crawler track on the inside of the curve by changing the rotation speed.In other words, the left and right traveling devices 6A, 6B are equipped with hydraulic motors 25 that are driven independently. By being driven and controlled in conjunction with each other, it is possible for the transport vehicle body 2 to move forward and backward and turn left and right.

The pair of suspensions that connect and hold the traveling device 6A to the traveling vehicle body Z are also ff! 2.7A and 7B are 1, one end of which is rotatably supported by horizontal shafts 28 and 29 disposed on the center line of the lower surface of the traveling vehicle body 2 via brackets) 33 and 33', and the other end thereof. is provided with arms 30.31 rigidly fixed to the front and rear end surfaces of said plate 12. Here, the shaft fitting part of the arm 30 on the front side is bifurcated as shown in FIG. ' are commonly pivotally supported by the shaft 28. Note that the arm 31 on the rear side is also configured in the same manner as the arm 30 described above. One end of each arm 30, 31 is connected to the traveling heavy body 2 at the intermediate portion thereof, and a hydraulic cylinder 34.
The other end of 5 is connected. Then, simultaneously driving the hydraulic cylinders 34, 35 causes the arm 30.
31 is rotated in the vertical direction around shafts 28 and 29,
The height to the traveling device 6 is variably set according to the condition of the ground surface. In this case, when traveling on flat ground, the left and right traveling devices 6A
, 6B are kept at the same height, and the ground clearance and horizontality of the 1-1 traveling vehicle body 2 are maintained as shown by solid lines in FIG. 3, thereby making stable traveling possible. It also enables stable driving not only on flat ground but also on steep slopes.

That is, for example, when traversing on a slope in the lower right corner as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. When the traveling device 6
The entire lower surface of the crawler track 21 of A can be brought into contact with the slope 36, and on the contrary, the hydraulic cylinders 37 and 38 (3B is not shown) of the suspension devices 8A and 8B of the traveling device 6B on the valley side can be extended. When the traveling device 6B is rotated to the valley side by the same angle as the traveling device M6 on the mountain side, the crawler track 21 of the traveling device 6B also comes into complete contact with the slope 36, so that good ground pressure can be ensured. Since the traveling vehicle body 2 itself is held horizontally even on a steep slope, it can travel stably and freely without deteriorating its traveling performance. In addition, by ensuring good ground pressure, collapse of the ground surface and sideways sliding of the body 2 itself during running are prevented.

A boom 40 that can be raised and raised on the upper surface of the rear end of the traveling vehicle body 2
is disposed so as to be freely pivotable in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 2 via a pivot device 41. The turning device 41, the traveling vehicle body 2
An annular base 42 disposed above, a rotary table 44 fitted to the outer periphery of the annular base 42 via a bearing 43 so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane, and a rotary table 44 disposed on the lower surface of the rotary base 44. a motor 4 that controls an internal gear 45 and a drive gear 46 disposed on the stationary heavy body 2 and meshing with the internal gear 45;
The boom 40 is mounted on the rotating table 44. The boom 40i, a pair of left and right main booms 5DA, 50B, these main booms 50A,
A pair of hydraulic cylinders 51A that raise and lower 50B at the same time
, 51B, front Rc, l pair of main booms 50A, 5
A pair of sub-booms 54A, 54B, a pair of sub-booms 54A and 54B, and a rib boom 54 connected to each other by a connecting member 53 (see FIG. 2, 6), with -j'1ilt connected to 0B, respectively.
A.

A pair of hydraulic cylinders 55A and 55B that raise and lower 54B
Consists of etc. In this case, the swing device 41 and the boom 40 are not limited to this at all, and various changes are possible.
Any device may be used as long as it is a boot that can be raised and raised to hold the excavation device 58 and a swing device that swings the boom in left and right directions.

The suspension holding mechanism 57 is constituted by a well-known gimbal mechanism (Cardan joint), and is formed into an annular shape as shown in FIGS.
A pair of shafts 60 coaxially arranged at the tips of 4A and 54B.
A first rotating body 62 is rotatably supported by arrow a in FIG.
A pair of front and rear shafts 64 arranged perpendicular to 0 and 61
．． 65, and a second arcuate rotating body 66 rotatably supported in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.
Brackets i□ 67 + 68 are provided protruding from both sides of each. Said pair of sub-boots □ 54A +
Hydraulic cylinders 70.71 are respectively disposed in 54B, one end of which is connected to the bracket 1-67.68. In addition, a pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders 72 and 73 are disposed on the first rotating body 62, and one end thereof is a connecting pin 74 protruding from the rear side of the central portion of the second rotating body 66.
are commonly connected. The center portion of the second rotating body 66 is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape, so that the excavating device 58
Support frame 751f: constitutes a bearing portion 76 rotatably supported in the direction of arrow d in FIG.

Therefore, the support frame γ5 is placed at a suitable location on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing portion T6 at an appropriate angle in the left and right direction (for example, 2
A motor 78 serving as a driving device for rotating (0 degree) is fixed.

The excavating device 58 constitutes a chain ladder complete excavating device formed in a columnar shape, and by being lowered by tilting the boot 40, it is possible to excavate various grooves such as a straight groove, a curved groove, and a folded groove. I have to. To explain the configuration of the excavation device 5B in more detail, it includes the support frame T5.

This support frame 75id is formed into a gate shape, so that it has a pair of left and right vertical parts 75A, 75B, and these vertical parts 75A,
A shaft T9 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the horizontal portion 75C to be rotatably inserted through the bearing portion γ6. The shaft γ9 has a protrusion L+f L on the upper surface of the bearing portion 76, and a gear 81 that meshes with a pinion 80 fixed to the output shaft of the motor T8 is fixed to the protruding end.

A horizontal frame 84 is provided between the pair of vertical parts 75A and 75B.
A vertical frame 85 is disposed through the I]8 at its upper end.
A bracket 87 that rotatably supports the bracket 8 is fixed. There are sprockets (sprockets) 89 at both ends of the shaft 88, respectively.
90 is fixed, and a gear 91 is further fixed to the shaft end on the sprocket 89 side.

This gear 91 is a gear 9 fixed to an output shaft 93 of a motor 92 disposed on one vertical portion 75A of the support frame γ5.
It is meshed with 4. On the other hand, a bracket 95 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical frame 85 to rotatably support a shaft 96.
97 and 98 (see FIG. 6 for 98) are fixed. Chains 100 and 101 are stretched over the sprockets 89 and 9T and 90 and 98, respectively, and a plurality of cutters 10 are provided on the surfaces of these chains 100 and 101.
2 are arranged in parallel in the traveling direction at a predetermined interval.

The plurality of cutters 102 are formed in a substantially E-shape and are commonly disposed on the front surface side of the chains 100 and 101, and are a plurality of front excavation cutters 1 for excavating the front surface of the groove 103.
04, the chain 100 is formed into a substantially U-shape;
It is comprised of a plurality of cutters 105 for side excavation, each of which is disposed at the outer end of the groove 101 and excavates the side surface of the groove 103. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the side excavation cutter 105 is disposed before and after the adjacent pair of forward excavation cutters 104. Structure: A sulbelt conveyor type earth removal machine 110 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, this belt conveyor type earth removal machine 110 has vertical portions 75A, 75 of the support frame 75.
A bracket 111 suspended horizontally between B, an endless belt 112 disposed at the tip of the bracket 111, extending long in the left-right direction and tilting downward to the left in FIG. 1, and a motor 113 for running the endless belt 112. It is made up of.

Note that 114 is a back cover plate that covers the back surface of the cutter 102.

The trench digging operation by the excavation bag [5B] in such a configuration will be explained.

The excavating device 58 is held almost vertically by a suspension holding mechanism 57, and is moved up and down and back and forth by the elevation of the boom 40, and the rotary table 44 of the swivel device 41 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise in FIG. 2 by the drive of the motor 47. By being rotated, it is rotated in the left-right direction (in the direction of arrow C) together with υ (boo) and 40. 'Also, the excavating device 58 is tilted in no direction by the suspension holding mechanism 57, ie,
When the left and right pair of hydraulic cylinders 70.71 are simultaneously extended or contracted, the first rotating body 62 rotates around the pair of shafts 60.61.
Since it rotates in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 1 about [7], the excavating device 58 tilts back and forth. On the other hand, if one of the pair of hydraulic cylinders 72.73 disposed on the first rotating body 6.2 is extended and the other is contracted by an amount corresponding to this extension,
Since the second rotating body 66 rotates about the shafts 64 and 65 in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4, the excavating device 58 tilts left and right. When the motor .gamma.8 is driven, the rotation of its output shaft is transmitted to the shaft 79 of the support frame 75 through the gears 80.degree.

In this case, the longitudinal tilting of the excavating device 58 by the hydraulic cylinders 70, 71 always keeps the excavating device 58 vertically when excavating a trench while the traveling vehicle body 2 climbs along the maximum slope of a steep slope. It is said to be effective in keeping the Further, when the excavating device 58 is tilted in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Since the mountain-side wall surface and the valley-side wall surface exert different forces that try to tilt the excavating device 58, this is effective in canceling out this force.
8 in the direction of arrow d in FIG. This is effective because the front excavation cutter 104 is always directed in the trench excavation direction during excavation. 1, arrow C in the second diagram of boom 40
Swinging in the direction is effective for excavating lateral grooves, and movement of the excavation device 580 in the front-rear direction -\ by oscillating and expanding and contracting the boot 40 itself is effective for excavating S-shaped grooves and U-shaped grooves. and further boots, 40 elevation drilling rigs 5
The downward movement of 8 is said to be effective for adjusting the groove depth.

A chain drive motor 92 (
(see Fig. 4), the rotation is caused by the output shaft 93 - gear 94 - gear 91 - shaft 88 - pair of sprockets 89.
．． 90 to the chain 100° 101, and moves the cutter 102 in the direction of arrow C in FIG.
5, cutter 102 from below in two directions.
On the back side, it runs from the top to the bottom. and,
When the excavating device 58 is gradually lowered by the boom 40, the trench 103 is excavated by the cutter 102. The excavated earth and sand thrown upward by the cutter 102 is transferred to a belt 112 of a belt conveyor type earth remover 110.
be dropped above. Since this belt 112 is rotated by a motor 113, the excavated earth and sand dropped onto the belt 112 is transported and discharged to one side of the traveling vehicle body 2. In addition, the bracket l- of the belt conveyor type earth removal machine 110
111 also functions as a guide plate for causing the excavated earth and sand thrown up by the cutter 102 to fall onto the belt 112.

Thus, the groove excavator 1 having such a configuration can continuously and freely excavate various grooves such as straight grooves, 2 curved grooves, and zigzag grooves, as shown in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b). can do. However, when excavating curved grooves, zigzag grooves, etc., it is necessary to control the rotation of the excavating device 58 in the direction of arrow d in FIG. However, such control can be easily performed by computer control.

Furthermore, if necessary, the boom 40 is operated in accordance with the forward and backward movement of the traveling vehicle CB2, and the vertical hole 143 shown in FIG. 8(c) is operated. Short 144. Connecting waterfall 145. Alternatively, these re-excavations also have r=J capability. In addition, drilling equipment 5
8 is suspended from the boom 40 and positioned at an appropriate distance to the rear of the traveling vehicle body 2 or to the sides by turning the boom 40, so that it is possible to cross over relatively short obstacles that may be in between. Allows for excavation.

In addition, the traveling vehicle body 2 is mounted on the left and right traveling devices 6 on a steep slope.
By changing the heights of A and 6B, the machine can be held almost horizontally, resulting in excellent maneuverability, safety and running performance, and enables excavation of vertical trenches.

Since the excavator 58'fc is disposed at the rear end of the vehicle body 2, various attachments (such as well-known excavators, dozers, backhoes, etc.) 150 are attached to the front end of the vehicle body 2, as indicated by chain lines in FIG. It is also possible to add '. Also,
If such an attachment 150 is installed according to the soil quality of the excavated area, the performance of the trench excavator 1 will be improved, and the work itself can be performed effectively and economically.

Furthermore, since the left and right traveling devices 6A and 6B are tilted independently, if they are tilted independently following changes in the ground, the lower surface of the crawler track 21 will be in contact with the ground over its entire width, so the load will be concentrated. It also makes it easier to drive on uneven terrain.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, in the above embodiment, the arms 30 and 31x of the suspension systems TA and TB are simply fixed to the plate 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the plate 12 to each arm 30.
31 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and separate from the arm hydraulic cylinders 34 and 35 (see FIG. 2 for 35), a hydraulic cylinder for the traveling device is arranged between the traveling device and the traveling vehicle body 2. The traveling device may be rotated in two stages in the vertical direction.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the trench excavator according to the present invention has a boom that can be elevated and rotated freely on the traveling vehicle body, and a substantially columnar excavation device is disposed at the tip of this boom via a suspension holding mechanism. , the excavation device is configured to be rotated about its central axis by a drive device, so that in addition to straight grooves, 9 curved grooves, grooves that circumvent and surround obstacles such as trees, zigzag grooves,
Various types of grooves such as folded continuous grooves, short grooves, vertical holes, connecting grooves, etc. can be freely excavated. -1'c1 If the excavator is held so as to be tiltable in the neutral direction by the suspension holding mechanism, it becomes possible to excavate a vertical groove on an inclined surface.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a trench excavator according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of the same machine, Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of the same machine, and Fig. 4 is a partially cutaway rear view of the drilling equipment, Figure 5 is a sectional view of the main part of the traveling equipment, and Figure 6 is Figure 1.
-V line sectional view, Figure 7 is a perspective view of the main part of the arm, Figure 8 (
a), (b), and (e) are plan views each showing an excavation state. 1... trench excavator, 2... traveling vehicle body, 6A, 6B
...Travelling device, 40...Boom, 41...
Swivel device, 57... Suspension holding mechanism, 58... Excavation device, 78... Drive device. Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 6

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A traveling vehicle body, a traveling device disposed on both sides of this traveling vehicle body, a boom disposed on this traveling vehicle body so as to be able to turn freely and raise and lower, and a generally columnar shape suspended and held by this boom. 1. A trench excavator comprising: an excavator; and a drive device that rotates the excavator around its central axis. (2) The trench excavator according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism for suspending and holding the excavating apparatus holds the excavating apparatus so as to be swingable in any direction.