JPS5915378A - Image pickup mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the image resolution of a solid state image pickup element whithout increasing the formation density of the photoelectric converting picture element, by turning a flat light transmitting plate to the optical axis to displace an image forming surface by 1/2 pitch to an image pickup surface. CONSTITUTION:A support frame 4 of a light transmitting plate 1 is fixed to a support block 5a at the center of a rotary disk 5, and a driving belt 6 (shown in the figure) is set on the circumference surface of the disk 5. Thus a driving pulley 7a wound by the belt 6 is turned by a pulse motor 7. The plate 1 is turned reciprocatively within a range of 1.3 deg. (period: 4 fields) by the motor 7 which has reciprocative revolutions between two positions so that the rotary center of the plate 1 is set in parallel to a picture element train. The center of the reciprocative vibration is set to the surface orthogonal to the optical axis to obtain an equal distance of light transmission to the plate 1. Thus it is preferable to eliminate a displacement of the image forming surface in the optical axis direction. A solid state image pickup element 3 of a using CCD transfers once the photoelectric conversion output of an image pickup surface 3a to a memory 3b within a vertical flyback time and delivers successively the photoelectric conversion outputs stored in the next field as an image pickup output.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an imaging mechanism that improves the resolution of a solid-state image sensor without increasing the formation density of photoelectric conversion pixels.

The imaging means includes an imaging tube and a solid-state Ili% image element, but the latter is more compact and has superior characteristics such as no residual phenomenon compared to the n11 type. However, the solid-state +ht image is formed by invoking the imaging surface in a light-transformed image, and the frequency of the 1ψ output is limited by the formation density of the tail-transformed image t. Therefore, various mechanisms have been devised to improve the resolution, but the higher the density, the more endogenous the manufacturing becomes.
Deterioration of characteristics such as nine-ton conversion characteristics also occurs, leading to increased costs.

Therefore, an image mechanism was developed that improves only the resolution while maintaining the formation density of the conversion pixels.

It is conceivable to displace the photoelectric conversion pixel with respect to the imaging surface by half the pixel pitch, and to synthesize the imaging outputs before and after the displacement. Specific examples C2 include a method of optically displacing the imaging plane, a method of changing the mask state for photoelectric conversion pixels, and a method of displacing the solid-state image sensor itself.

Therefore, the present invention has the following features: 41 plate-shaped 1
1. Pair the Hideo board with the optical i-axis. 9 mechanisms #i with a new and effective photographic technique that rotates the image plane and displaces the imaging plane by 2 pitches with respect to the imaging plane! This is something to be concerned about.

First, the basic imaging principle of the present invention will be explained. ,
As shown in FIG. 1, a general image sensing element has photoelectric conversion pixels C1 separated by gaps and formed in an aligned row. ...and the gap occupancy ratio is set to 7:3. Therefore, if the image plane and the image formation plane are displaced by one half of the formation pitch tP1 of the pixel array, the optical one-piece conversion pixel CI/
... will be taken once at two different positions. Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the optical layer conversion position with respect to the middle surface before and after the displacement, and the position of the optical α conversion pixel tcI... before and after the displacement is l\
Different latching directions are shown. Therefore, if you combine the output of one image taken before and after the displacement, you can suppress the nine-tun change! This is equivalent to forming twice as many 11 elements of water in 47 directions, and theoretically the water ratio resolution is doubled. Note that the above explanation is for the case where the curved surface is fixed, but it is obvious that the same effect can be obtained even when the captured image is fixed, so in this example, the As shown in Fig. 3, the plate-like transmitting plate +l+ is connected to the video camera's l/lens (2
1 and the solid 7111 element (:31), and this transparent plate Ill is rotated back and forth to the 2 position.When the transparent plate 111, which has a higher refractive index than the popular one, changes its inclination with respect to the optical path by rotation. ,...J period transmission plate grain 1, the original phallus angle is perpendicular to the rotation center, and the light travels inside the transmission plate 1. The direction is changed,
As a result, the element that exited the transmission plate (11) does not match the optical axis before displacement and advances to line 11; Therefore, in this embodiment, the displacement is 1viL (F/2).
1. Refractive index L 4 s 5 light tl (UFj Nite transmission plate il+ is formed, 1 rotation angle is set to t3°, 1[]
A displacement of pm has been achieved. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the transmission plate drive mechanism of this embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the drive belt. In this example, the main frame (4) of the transparent plate (11) is connected to the support block (5) at the center of the rotating disk (5).
5a), and a drive belt (6) as shown in FIG. 6 is arranged around the circumference of the rotating disk (5).
6) The driving boo is wound! J(7a) is rotated by a pulse motor +'/I'C, and the transmission plate il+ is rotated so that the center of rotation is located at the pixel row and Hamura by this pulse motor f71 which reciprocates between two positions. The center of this reciprocating I drive is a plane orthogonal to the optical axis. This is desirable because the distances are equal (there is no displacement in the optical axis direction/＼ of the middle surface).

In this embodiment, the rotational state of the above-mentioned transmission plate ([; , the ffi electrical conversion output of the captured image (5a) is temporarily transferred to the memory tsb) during the vertical retrace period, and the photoelectric conversion output stored in the next field is defined as the 11f primary imaging slag output. Fig. 7 is a circuit block diagram showing a one-image output synthesis circuit of the tree embodiment, and Fig. 7 shows its control signal waveform diagram.As is clear from both figures, this embodiment outputs one-image output. Vertical synchronization signal obtained from Eitsu Shinsho which converted the pulse generator (not shown)
Switching is performed by IVI (vertical synchronization signal obtained from , the end of the vertical retrace period ends, but the displacement of the transmission plate ([) is delayed, so the photoelectric conversion ltl force at the time of displacement (2 is the displacement C
The first changeover switch (SWl), which changes the imaging output to human output, changes the imaging output immediately after switching. The first switching control signal (Sl), which is the frequency-divided vertical synchronizing signal IVI, is used as the switching input to send it to the transmission line and ground the switching straight curve r'Ift output.
The second switching switch (SW2) inputs the imaging output of one field selected by the first switching switch (SWl) (odd-numbered field in the reference numeral ``Kl'' in Figure 7). & Ma, Fumi (Memory of the output of the two
; and the second switching control (No. 1 (Sl) is used as the switching input), which is made by dividing the falling edge of the first switching control a signal (Sl) by the frequency of the first switching control signal (Sl) and dividing the frequency of the first switching control signal (Sl) into the non-delay path. .still,
The displacement output +'EJ is a signal obtained by frequency-dividing the rising edge of the first switching control signal ($1) by 1A, or a signal having the same phase as that. The memory 18+1=the stored image output for one field is inputted to the ypa extension path with a two-field delay, and at the same time, a successive start pulse (R+ is manually input) that is synchronized with the rise of the displacement output e1. This successive output, which falls into a gun-out state, is derived with its phase preceding the phase of the imaging output on the non-a extension path side by two pitches in pixels.

Various clock phases are specified. The third changeover switch (SW3), which receives the successively output outputs and the non-delayed output of the non-delayed output path, receives a third changeover control signal (S5) which is inverted at the cycle of the reading t output of the imaging output. ) is used as a switching input, and the output of the converted pixel is synthesized so that the output of the converted pixel goes back and forth. Further, this composite output is converted and derived by a signal processing circuit (9) into a luminance signal (IY) and a color difference signal (Fl-Y) (B-Y), which can obtain twice the resolution than the conventional signal. These outputs are processed by the well-known color image signal processing circuit that conventional video cameras have,
The image is recorded on a videotape or a magnetic disk that records one field per rotation through a well-known recording circuit included in a conventional video recorder. Although it is derived continuously, it is also possible to synthesize every three fields by setting the inversion period of the displacement output to three fields and appropriately switching the phase of the % successive clock and the phase of the third switching control signal.

Therefore, according to the great invention, by slightly rotating the transmission plate, it is possible to obtain an imaging output that approximately doubles the resolution per quadrat, and the effect is human-like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic pattern formation diagram of a photoelectric conversion pixel of solid-state imaging satin;
FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mechanism according to an embodiment of the wooden invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a drive belt, FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a composite circuit of the embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a control signal generation circuit thereof. Each signal waveform diagram is revealed. Explanation of main drawing numbers m...Transmission plate 121...Lens (3)...
・Solid-state camera RE device applicant Sanyo Eki Co., Ltd. ゛、′、・）

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■) A 3V-plate-shaped transmission plate arranged at approximately 11 angles to the optical axis between the video camera lens and the solid-state image sensor;
A rotary disk supporting the transmission plate B, and a rotation center of the transmission plate aligned with the pixel row of the solid-state image pickup device. An imaging mechanism comprising a driving means for displacing the imaging plane by two pixel columns with respect to the imaging plane of the solid-state imaging device, and a synthesis circuit for synthesizing the tMII' output after the displacement AiJ.