JPS59153189A - Method and apparatus for measuring horizontal position of tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce time and labor required for measuring horizontal position drastically by arranging a magnetic field generating element under ground so as to have the central line of magnetic force directing straight while a magnetic field detecting element on a magnetic field detecting element guides crossing each other on a horizontal subtrate on the ground in such a manner that an interlinked surface is vertical to the guides while movable at the right angle thereto. CONSTITUTION:Magnetic field detecting elements 13 are moved along guides 10-1 and 10-2. With the movement, the level of change in the intensity of a magnetic field passing through an interlinked surface 14 of the magnetic field detecting element 13 varies as illustrated and the direction of the minimum value thereof corresponds to the direction 1 at which a magnetic field generating element 2 exists. Then, the magnetic field detecting element 13 is moved along the rectangular guides 10-1 and 10-2 to determine the direction 2 at which the magnetic field generating element exists by the same method when the direction 1 is determined. Thus, the intersection is determined between the two directions at which the magnetic field generating element existed as determined by moving the magnetic field detecting element 13 in two directions whereby the intersection P is decided to be the point right above the magnetic field generating element 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a horizontal position measuring method and apparatus for a tunnel boring machine that measures the position from the ground using a magnetic field.

Conventionally, this type of method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-135671.
is proposed. This measurement method is considered to be an epoch-making technology that eliminates the drawbacks of conventional optical surveying using transit or lasers in the construction of small-diameter tunnels that cannot be accessed by humans. The above method is a direct measurement method in which the magnetic field detection element is moved and scanned on the ground and placed directly above the magnetic field generation element. The disadvantage was that it was impossible to measure. In addition, an unknown % difference (maximum or minimum value) is determined from the spread of the magnetic field strength that is formed in a three-dimensional convex (or concave) shape on the ground by the magnetic field generating element.
In order to search for the magnetic field by moving and scanning the magnetic field detection element, it is necessary to perform many measurements, which has the disadvantage of requiring a great deal of time and effort.

In order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional technology, the present invention has constructed a magnetic field generating element built into a 4 m tunnel located in an underground tunnel so that its central magnetic field line always faces in the vertical direction. , magnetic field detection element guides that intersect with each other are fixed on a plate-shaped substrate, and the magnetic field detection element guide is movably attached to the magnetic field detection element kite so that the interlocking plane is perpendicular to and perpendicular to the magnetic field detection element kite. and a magnetic field detection device having a plurality of adjustable legs is provided on the substrate;
By moving the magnetic field detecting element along the magnetic field detecting element guide, detecting two directions in which the lines of magnetic force from the magnetic field generating element least interlink with the magnetic field detecting element, and finding the intersection of the two directions. , is characterized by measuring the horizontal position of a tunnel excavating machine underground, and its purpose is to obtain a simple method and device that can greatly reduce the time and labor required to measure the horizontal position of a tunnel excavating machine. Aaru.

The present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a partially sectional perspective view showing an embodiment of the horizontal position measuring method and apparatus for a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention.

In the figure, (1) is a tunnel boring machine that is digging underground, (
2) is a magnetic field generator such as a choke coil that rotates around two axes in the tunnel excavating machine (1) so that the central magnetic field lines are always generated in the vertical direction, and is attached to a stand that always faces the same direction due to the action of gravity. element, (3) is a signal supply device such as an oscillator placed on the ground or in a shaft, (4) is a cable connecting the magnetic field generating element (2) and the signal supply device (3),
(5) is a magnetic field line rod with four turns of the alternating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating element (2), and (6) is the tip of which is fixed to the tunnel excavating machine (1) and the other is held in the shaft, allowing the tunnel excavating machine (1) to excavate. A tape measure that allows you to easily read distances, (7) is ←≠-4-tk
Planned line, (8) is a magnetic field detection device movably installed on the ground, (8P) is the board of the magnetic field detection device (8), (9-1
), (9-2) are reference points installed on the board (8P) of the magnetic field detection device (8), (IG-1), (1()-2) are installed horizontally on the board (8P) perpendicular magnetic field generating element guides (hereinafter simply referred to as guides), (Ill.
is a spirit level embedded in the guide (1o-i), (1F)-2), (12) is attached to the four corners of the board of the magnetic field detection device (8), and the guide (1()-1) , (Kano 2)
The threaded leg, θ3) that adjusts the horizontal level of the guide (1(
)-1), (1()-2), the interlinkage plane Oa with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating element (2) is vertical, and the guide (10-1
) (10-2), and the guide (10,-1
), (1()-2), a magnetic field detection element such as a loop coil, (151 is a couple, (1
Reference numeral 61 denotes a signal measuring device, such as a selective level meter, which is connected to a cable (depending on the country).

Next, a method and apparatus for measuring the horizontal position of a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention will be explained.

When it becomes necessary to measure the horizontal position of a tunnel excavating machine (1) that is building a tunnel underground, first, the magnetic field generating element (2) installed inside the tunnel excavating machine (1)
The signal supply device (3) is operated to supply an input signal of appropriate amplitude and period via the cable (4) to generate a radial alternating magnetic field (5) whose central magnetic field lines are vertical. On the other hand, the measuring tape (6) fixed to the tunneling machine (1) allows the approximate position of the excavation distance to be determined, so the reference point of the magnetic field detection device (8) ( 9-1) and (9-2) are set so that they match. The magnetic field detection device (8) has a guide (+o-
t) 1. (1()-2) is provided, and a spirit level (Ic) provided in the guide (Ic)-1) and (10-2) is provided.
The guides (1()-1) and (1()-2) can be set horizontally by adjusting the legs with adjustment screws (see 11). The interlinkage plane (1
a is vertical and installed at right angles to the guides (1()-1) and (1 leaf 2), and a magnetic field detection element OJ movable along the guides (io-t) and (10-2) is attached. It is now possible to detect the direction of the magnetic field.

A method for measuring the horizontal position of the tunnel boring machine (1) will be explained with reference to FIG.

In the figure, the x-x' line and the Y-Y' line are the directions in which the magnetic field detection element θ slides along the guides (1()-2), (10-1), K-', L- xl is a magnetic field generating element (2
) existence direction 1.21, (1su, (N) is the guide (1,
0-2), (10-1) indicates the position where the output signal of the magnetic field detection element θ3) is minimum, and (P) indicates the position directly above the magnetic field generation element (2). First, the magnetic field detection element θ3) is moved along the guides (+o-1) and (1 leaf 2). Correspondingly, the linkage plane of the magnetic field detection element (+3) (the magnitude of change in magnetic field intensity passing through 14+, that is, the output signal of the signal measuring device) changes as shown in Figure 3, and the direction of the minimum value ( The direction of the magnetic field detecting element (f13) when the lines of magnetic force are least interlinked with the interlinkage plane C1→ of the magnetic field detecting element θ is the direction in which the magnetic field generating element (2) exists, and this is the direction in which the magnetic field generating element (2) exists. Set direction 1.

Next, move the magnetic field detection element 03) along the orthogonal guides (1) and (1()-2), and detect the presence of the magnetic field generation element in the same manner as in the direction 1 in which the magnetic field generation element exists. Find direction 2.

In this way, if you move the magnetic field detection element 03) in two directions and find the intersection of the two magnetic field generation elements, this intersection (P) will be directly above the magnetic field generation element (2). can be determined as the point.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the reference point (9-1
) (9-2), but this makes the subsequent measurement work easier. For example, if there is an obstacle on the planned line (7) and the reference points (9-i) and (9- If it is not possible to set 2), there is no particular need to match it, and in principle, the effect will not change even if you use the measure (6) to approximate the position and set it at any position as long as it is near the planned line. .

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the guide (1()-1), j
l()-2) is orthogonal, but this is to facilitate the subsequent measurement work; as long as it is a cross, the effect remains the same in principle even if it is not particularly perpendicular.

The conventional measurement method scans the magnetic field detection element in a plane,
This is a method of searching for the singularity directly above the shield machine (magnetic field generating element), and in the experiments we conducted, it took 20 to 30
It took minutes.

In contrast, the results of an experiment using a tunnel boring machine using the method and device of the invention, which can measure in two directions, are as follows.
The upper cover is 2 m, the frequency supplied to the magnetic field generating element is 220 Hz,
When the horizontal position of the excavator was measured using a receiving device consisting of two mutually orthogonal guides with a length of 60 Crn and a supply voltage of 30 V, the measurement time was about 5 minutes and the accuracy was 2 cm. It was within After each excavation, the measured horizontal position was compared with the planned line, and the tunnel boring machine was operated to follow the planned line, making it possible to excavate within 20 cvr of the planned line.

As explained above, according to the present invention, in order to know the horizontal position of the tunnel excavation machine, the magnetic field detection element only needs to move and scan in two directions, and the magnetic field detection element is placed directly above the magnetic field generation element. There is no need to bring it directly. Therefore, the number of man-hours required for measurement can be reduced, and labor and time can be significantly reduced. Further, by installing the magnetic field detection device at a predetermined position relative to the planned line, remarkable effects such as the ability to immediately detect the horizontal position of the tunnel excavating machine with respect to the planned line are produced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cross-sectional perspective view showing an embodiment of the horizontal position measuring method and device for a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory schematic diagram of the position measuring method directly above the magnetic field generating element, and FIG. The figure shows a diagram of the relationship between the movement position of the magnetic field detection element and the output signal. 1: Tunnel excavation machine 2: Magnetic field generating element 3: Signal supply device 4: Cable 5: Magnetic line of force 6: Measure 7: Sacrifice≠umbrella plan line 8: Magnetic field detection device 8P two board 'l-
1.9-2: Reference point 1()-1, 1()-2 guide
11: Level ]2: Leg with adjustment screw 13: Magnetic field detection element ]4: Linkage surface 15: Cable 16: Signal measuring device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel excavating machine with a built-in magnetic field generating element is placed in a tunnel to be constructed underground, and a magnetic field detecting element and a signal measuring device are provided above ground, and the magnetic field lines generated by the magnetic field generating element cause the In a method for measuring the horizontal position of a tunnel excavating machine, in which the horizontal position of the tunnel excavating machine is measured by the magnetic field detecting element and the signal measuring device, a magnetic field detecting element guide that intersects with the ground and one of the magnetic field detecting element guides is interlinked. A magnetic field detecting element is movably attached so that the surface thereof is vertical and at right angles, and the magnetic field detecting element is moved along the magnetic field detecting element guide until the magnetic field lines from the magnetic field generating element are most interlinked with the magnetic field detecting element. 1. A method for measuring the horizontal position of a tunnel excavating machine, characterized in that the horizontal position of the tunnel excavating machine underground is measured by detecting two directions in which the tunnel is not detected and finding the intersection of the two directions. 2. In a horizontal position measuring device for a tunneling machine, in which a tunneling machine with a built-in magnetic field generating element is placed in a tunnel being built underground, and a magnetic field detecting element and a signal measuring device are installed above ground, the magnetic field generating element is located at the center. The magnetic field detection element guide is configured so that the magnetic field lines always face in the vertical direction, and magnetic field detection element guides that intersect with each other are fixed on a plate-shaped substrate on the ground, and the magnetic field detection element guide has a linkage plane with respect to the magnetic field detection element guide. 1. A horizontal position measuring device for a tunnel excavating machine, characterized in that a magnetic field detecting device is mounted on the substrate so as to be movable vertically and at right angles, and the substrate is provided with a magnetic field detecting device having a plurality of adjustable legs.