JPS59151248A - Test item making system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce errors and to shorten the input test data making time by describing clearly sequence relation between input and output. CONSTITUTION:A function diagram 1 is inputted by an input and check device 4, and input data is checked in the device 4. If input data is correct, a state transition 10 and a decision table 9 indicating a logical model in each satte or a relation 11 are taken out. If input data has an error, a message is outputted, and test items are not generated. A state transition structuring device 7 gives a name to each transition of the state transition 10 and generates a condition structure equation in accordance with prescribed processing procedures. That is, when the processing is started, the same transitions are collected in the first step, and the state is deleted if a transition exists in the next step, and the processing is terminated if a transition does not exist in the next step.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for creating test items, and particularly to a method for automatically creating test items necessary for confirming the functions of a temporary test device using a test device. It is.

[Rice polishing technology]

Test items used in tests of logic devices such as electronic computers that can express functions through state transitions and combinatorial logic, and tests of deep programs, have traditionally been done manually, relying on experience and intuition. Creating. In particular, if the test items necessary and sufficient to confirm whether the logical device to be tested (device under test) is as desired or not are created by all the staff, omissions or duplication of test items may occur. becomes large, and even if you perform a test using this,
It is not possible to increase the compliance of the program to the extent that it is costly.

As one method for systematically creating test items and reducing omissions and duplications, a ``method for creating test items using cause-effect graphs'' has been proposed. This method is
A logical model (expressed in "cause-effect graph" notation) of the correspondence (function) between the input data and output data of the board test equipment.
This method creates test items completely mechanically from a cause-effect graph. Since this cause-and-effect graph uses only predicate logic, the expression becomes complicated when there is an order relationship in the function, such as a case where output data is determined by the Jllit order of input data. - As an example, if a function in which there is an ordering relationship such as "After inputting A, input Bk according to that value" is expressed as a cause-and-effect graph, it will be as shown in FIG. 1(a). That is, in FIG. 1(a), (1) A's flu (r is inputted. (11) When A>0, Bk is inputted.

(ri-a) When B≧0, B/A(f: output.

(When *i-b+B<0, output -B/A. (
When +1OA≦0, all error messages are output. It represents the meaning. If we use a complete state transition diagram with the same meaning, it will become as shown in Figure 1(b). In FIG. 1(b), SO is inputted by A, SL is manually inputted by B, and S2 is outputted by three types of first shifts.

The cause-and-effect graph in Figure 1(a) is changed to the state in Figure 1(b),
Compared to smooth transition diagrams, it is inferior in the following points: (1) order relationships are not explicitly shown, and constraints based on the (i+) order are required. For this reason, this method using cause-effect graphs can be used to
It lacks practicality in the points mentioned above. (b) It takes time to create a cause-and-effect graph that changes the function of the equipment under test (!-). (b) It is difficult to create test data that is actually input to the failed test equipment from the created test items. .

[Purpose of the invention]

Is the purpose of the present invention to solve these conventional problems? In a device that automatically creates test items necessary and sufficient to test the functionality of a temporary test device, the order of input and output is explicitly described, reducing errors, and input test data The aim is to provide all test item creation methods that can shorten the creation time.

[A Comparison of the Invention] The test item creation method of the present invention is based on the Isokita test i for logic devices.
(f) a test item creation device that is a must-do test item, a means for converting a key scheme representing the function of a failure test device into a state transition model and a combinatorial logic model; a means for creating a test path from the state transition model; It has a means for creating 6* logic test item trays from the above combinational logic model, and a means for completely synthesizing the above test paths and logical test items, and has a test path that passes through all transitions once or a transition of pressure points. 'Test road through'? The feature is that it outputs test items created by selecting e7.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the principles and illustrations of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

The present invention creates necessary and sufficient functional test items from a functional diagram representing all functions, state transition models, and logic models of a device under test. First, the principle will be described.

First, the function of the temporary test device is understood as a mapping from the result of input data of the device under test to a set of output data. In this mapping, the n' data directly at the test device is determined by the combination of the order in which the input data is input, the validity or failure of propositions regarding the input data, and the validity or failure of propositions of imaginary numbers. . Therefore, the functions of the temporary test device can be divided into those based on the hierarchical relationship between human data and those based on the logical relationship between propositions (input conditions) regarding input data.

In the test device of the present invention, if the former function is represented by a full state transition model and the latter function is represented by a logical model, the functions of the device under test can be represented by a combination of both models. An expression like this? , functional diagram and [
I'll call you.

The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned functional diagram to automatically create test items for use in testing the functions of a failed test device in order to express the functions of the device under test.

Next, an outline of the test item creation method of the present invention will be listed.

(1) In order to set the order of input data of the handling test device and the output data determined according to the order, all state transition models that are described by all these states and transitions are adopted. When there is an input in a layer state, the output data and the transition to which state to move to next are determined depending on the conditions that the human data satisfies.

The logical model consists of input conditions and output data in each state,
It is used to express the correspondence with the transition destination state.

(11) In addition to cause-effect graphs, decision tables are used to express logical models. By using a decision table, can you determine which combinations of input conditions are met or not? Since they can be created one by one, the correspondence relationship can be expressed concisely.

As test items related to the OiD logical model, logical test items are created using the conventional test item creation method using cause-effect graphs. If it is expressed as a logical model or deterministic, all test items are created after simplifying the logic.

As a test item regarding the state transition model, a test path is created in which all the states to be executed are arranged so that the input order of input data becomes clear.

At this time, the state transition diagram is transformed into a structured state transition diagram that is organized to make it easier for humans to understand. Thereafter, a set of paths that pass through all transitions in the state transition diagram at least once is selected as the set of tests N.

(V) Are the test items logical test items? (ii) The destination state is assigned to a test path that matches the state, and a sequence of states and combinations of whether the input condition is satisfied or not satisfied in each state are determined.

As a result, the results of test items that pass through each transition # at least once and have a necessary and sufficient combination of turnout conditions to confirm the correspondence between input data and output data in each state are determined. Created.

FIG. 2 is a functional schematic diagram of the test item creation device according to the present invention.

The test item creation device 2 receives the functional diagram 1 representing the function of the failed test device as input data, and outputs the test item 3 related to the functional diagram 1 as output data.

The third section is a configuration diagram of a test item creation device showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a functional diagram, 4 is an input and checking device, 5 is a decision simplification device, 6 is a logic test item creation device, 7 is a state transition structuring device, and 8 is a test item synthesis device.

4 to 8 are explanatory diagrams for explaining in detail the operation of the test item creation device in FIG. 3. The details of the functions of each valley device will be described while referring to FIGS. 4 to 8.

The input and check device 4 inputs the functional diagram 1 and checks whether the input data is correct or not.

When the input data is correct, the state transition 10 and the decision table 9 representing the logical model in each state, or the relation 11
Take out the force. On the other hand, when there is an error in the input data,
Do not output all messages and create test items.

The state transition structuring device 7 names the valley transitions of the state transitions 10 and creates a conditional structural formula 13 according to the processing procedure of the flowchart shown in FIG.

That is, when the process is started in step 14, the same transitions are merged in step 15, the entire state is deleted if there is a transition in step 16.17, and the process is ended if there is no transition in step 16.18. .

5(a), (b)
). In FIG. 5(a), when either one of the separate factors a and b occurs that causes a transition from state 81 to Sj (a
In step b), a transition is made to state Sj. In Figure 5(b),
After state gs+x-8+ is transferred to state 5IfC4 by factor X1 "'-"
When moving to states Sj1 to Sjm 4 respectively due to m,
If factors xt, y*, and zt occur simultaneously, state S
There is a direct transition from the mouth to state Sj1. Note that factor y does not cause a state transition no matter how many times it occurs, and * indicates that it occurs repeatedly 0 or more times.

Similarly, if factors Xn,y'' and Z,1 occur at the same time, there is a direct transition from state SIn to state Su.

The conditional structural formula created in this way is a regular formula using @ (area), + (direct sum), and * (repetition) as operators. This regular expression is expressed as a full syntax tree, with each node storing the operators and constituent concubines shown above, and the leaves storing the names of transitions.

Each node and leaf is given a number, which is used as the formula number, and the node or leaf is searched by the formula number.

The decision table simplification device 5 calculates as few logical operators (AND,
OR, N0T) f-Convert into relation 11 representing the used cause-effect graph.

The logical test item creation device 6 creates logical test items 12 for each state from the relationship 11 based on the cause-effect graph test item creation principle.

The test item synthesis device 8 creates a test path, which is a sequence of states to be tested, from the conditional structure formula 13, and creates a test item 3 by embedding the logical test item 12 in the state as a test condition in each state.

6 and 7 are flowcharts showing the processing procedure of the test item creation device, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the rules for calculating the number of test items.

In FIG. 6, the number of test items is counted (step 19) after the process starts (step 14). Here, the number of logical test items whose transition destination state is the same among the logical test items 12 in each state is counted. After dividing each leaf of the conditional structure corresponding to the transition, the eighth
The number of test items is calculated for each node of the syntax tree according to the rules in the diagram, and is used as the total number of test items.

Figure 8 (a) is a rule for calculating the number of test items that is repeated 0 or more times, expressed as n c (e) - n o (el) + 1, and Figure 8 (b) is a rule for calculating the number of test items that is repeated 0 or more times. In the number calculation rule, no(e) In the strike item number calculation rule, n O(e)=
MAX (no (et).

...Represented by no (enl).

The loop created in steps 20 and 23 is repeated as many times as there are test items (control variable = 2i, 1: test item number). For each loop, the i-th test item composition process (step 21) and the test item stamp process (step 22) are performed. conduct. Details of the first test item synthesis process (step 21) are shown in FIG.

The parameters of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 are 1 (test item number), eXp (formula number), and tc (created test item).

This flow is a recursive flow, and calls its own function in steps 29, 35, and 38.

First, in step 24, the number of test items, types of formulas, and constituent elements (transition numbers for tatashi and leaves) are extracted based on the formula number (exp) k.

Next, find out which number of the test items in the formula the test item you are trying to find is the test item. The formula for this is n=
If MOd (i-1,e)(p (Q%Tute7.) number of items) + 1, then any test item the formula waits for will be
If the total number of test items is larger than the total number of test items, the valley test items are selected evenly and repeatedly. Thereafter, in step 25, cases are divided according to the singularity of the expression. When the formula is leaf (Ieafl), in step 26, the n-th embedded test item of the corresponding transition is extracted, and in step 27, the extracted m-th logic test and test item are combined to form a new test item. In the case of a direct product (・), step 28 repeats for all the components of the equation (J), and step 29 performs the nth test item synthesis for all the components (n + Jth component). Formula number, tC). In step 30, J full straddle is incremented and the process returns to step 28. Next, when the blood phase (+), initialize f to 0 in step 31, and repeat for all the formula components in step 32)
, in step 33, the number of test items for each component is extracted, and after skipping to the component corresponding to the nth test item (repeat the loop consisting of steps 34, 36, and 32), in step 34, Is it smaller than 0 or +7 or a sword? investigate. In step 35, the n-kth test item synthesis of the J-th component is performed (n- is the formula number of the j-th component, tC). Step 36
Then, kKk-14' is substituted and the process returns to step 32.

- If the winning combination is repeated 0 or more times *), check whether n is 1 or not in step 37. When n is greater than 1, in step 38, the n-1st test item composition of the component is performed (n-i, the formula number of the component, tc). I do.

In this way, in this embodiment, the input data jl
The output data can be clearly written as shown in the state transition diagram in Figure 1 (b), and all necessary and sufficient test items regarding the functional diagram can be automatically written. can be created. Further, in the present invention, since the order of input data for failure test equipment as test items is determined, it is easy to create test data and conduct a test. In addition, in the test path creation method described in the example, all -Ja#
We made sure to cover the necessary and sufficient test road for the circuit, but
By looking at how to speed up the test (II-f), you can select a test route that includes all combinations of transitions, or create a test route by specifying all the transitions that pass through in a focused manner. It is possible to clarify and create reasonable test items.

[Prior art]

As explained above, according to the present invention, in order to create test items, the functions of the temporary test device are described in a functional diagram, and the diagram is created using a state transition model and all order relations. Since human decision-making power is used to describe and express logical relationships, errors can be reduced, test items will not be omitted or duplicated, and the input data creation time of the test item creation device can be shortened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Is there an order relationship in Figure 1? Motsu+! FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test item creation device for functional testing according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a test item creation device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Figure 3 shows the operation flowchart of the four-four transition structuring device, Figure 5 shows the rules for merging transitions and deleting states, and Figure 6 shows the operation of the test item composition device shown in Figure 3. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the first test item synthesis operation, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing rules for calculating the number of test items for repetition, direct profit, and product. 1...Function diagram showing the device or program function, 2
... test item creation device, 3... test item, 4.
... input and checking device, 5... decision table simplification device, 6... logic test item creation device, 7... state transition structuring device, 8... test item synthesis device 19...
・Determination table, 10...Situation-transition, 11...Relationship, 12
...Logic test items, 13...Structural formulas. Agent Patent Attorney Meidai Naohashi No. 1 ((L) No. 2 Z 3 Figure 4 - Figure 5 (d) 'St B No. 7 (2) % 8 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] A means for converting a functional diagram representing the functions of the device under test into a combination logic model with a state transition model, which is provided before a test item creation device for performing a machine test of a logical device, and a means for converting a test path from the state transition model to a logical model A test path that passes through all transitions once or an arbitrary transition is provided. This test item creation method is characterized by outputting all the test items created by selecting a test path that is focused on.