JPS59149650A - Lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a lead storage battery employing paste type positive electrodes with virtually the same life span as the life span of the battery employing clad type positive electrodes, by providing pressure spacers made of an acidproof resin, each having a hollow portion, disposed at both sides within each cell and sealing compressed air in the hollow portion of the spacer for giving pressure on the electrode group. CONSTITUTION:The body of the pressure spacer 1 is made from acidproof soft resin, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, in a bag form. Paste type negative electrode plates 5, paste type positive electrode plates 6, separators 7, and glass mats 8 are arranged one after another, and the lugs 11 of the electrodes of the same polarity are welded into the rack portions 9, and the pressure spacers 1 are put in the battery case 12 at both sides of the electrode group. After the interconnection of the cells are finished and the cover 13 is attached, compressed air is filled in from the end 4 of the tube 3. Then the body of the pressure spacer 1 is inflated and inwardly presses the electrode group. After the air is pressed in, the end 3 of the tube 4 is melted to seal off the pressure spacer, and the tube 3 is pushed inside the cell from the hole 13 provided for fitting in the plug for the electrolyte inlet. The battery is made ready if then the electrolyte is filled in and the battery is charged with electricity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to improvements in lead-acid batteries using paste-type plates.

Problems with the structure of conventional examples Lead-acid batteries, which have a long history as secondary batteries, are still the most widely used batteries, along with nickel-cadmium batteries. Especially for large-capacity batteries, new battery systems are being considered, but lead-acid batteries are It can be said to be the best battery.

Although lead-acid batteries have such excellent characteristics,
As a public fish, the weight of lead itself is heavy, so-called low energy density, and over-discharge.

Overcharging causes significant deterioration of the reactive active material current collector (lattice), increases the battery lifespan, and increases the cost of battery replacement.

Various attempts have been made in the past to improve these drawbacks of lead-acid batteries. For example, improving the active material composition to improve energy density.

The weight of materials used in battery components, such as containers and grids, has been reduced, and energy density has been significantly improved. In order to improve surface 1 overcharge and overdischarge resistance, various deepening agents and alloy compositions of the lattice bodies have been investigated, and battery life has been further improved.

While various attempts have been made to improve lead-acid batteries, one major issue that still remains is the lifespan of the positive electrode plate. There are two types of positive electrode plates for lead-acid batteries currently in practical use: paste type and clad type. Although the clad type has a long life due to its structure, it has the disadvantage that it is difficult to manufacture and is extremely expensive. The paste type is cheaper to manufacture than the clad type, but the active material expands and falls off, resulting in a shorter battery life.

In order to improve the drawback of the conventional paste-type positive electrode plate, namely its short lifespan, a mat-like material made of acid-resistant material such as glass fiber is placed on the positive electrode plate, and the pressure of this mat prevents the positive electrode active material from falling off. It was being prevented. By adopting such a configuration, the life of the positive electrode plate was significantly extended. (−
The method of using a mat-like material to press the positive electrode active material to prevent it from expanding and falling off has problems when assembling the battery.
Unlike clad type tubes, sufficient pressure could not be applied, and the life of the positive electrode plate was 1/2 to 4 times that of clad type tubes.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention aims to solve the problems of lead-acid batteries using paste-type positive electrode plates, and to make the life of lead-acid batteries equal to or longer than that of lead-acid batteries using clad-type positive electrode plates. purpose.

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides hollow pressurized spacers made of acid-resistant resin at both ends of a unit battery equipped with an electrode plate group using a paste-type positive electrode plate. This device is characterized in that the hollow part of the IC is configured to seal compressed gas and compress the unit battery.

Description of examples Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a pressurized spacer used in a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and numeral 1 in the figure indicates the pressurized spacer main body, which is made of a flexible acid-resistant resin.

Preferably polyethylene or polypropylene. A spacer body 1 (shaped like a d-bag) is connected to a tube 3 made of the same material as the body 1 through an opening 2 at the top.

The tube 3 is made long enough so that its end 4 extends out through the opening in the battery cover after the battery is assembled. Note that the end 4 of the tube 3 is left open when assembling the battery.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a perspective view and a side view of the electrode plate group. This electrode plate group itself is no different from that of a conventional paste-type lead-acid battery, and the paste-type negative electrode plate 6. Paste type positive electrode plate6. It is composed of a separator 7 and a glass mat 8. 9 is a negative electrode connection shelf, and 10 is a positive electrode connection shelf. The state in which the electrode plates are assembled varies depending on the intended use of the lead-acid battery, but in general, when the electrode group is inserted into the battery case, it is assembled so that a certain amount of pressure is applied to the electrode plates. It is customary to choose the thickness of the pallets and mats.

In other words, when assembling a group of electrode plates, the separator is set so that the thickness of the group of electrode plates is wider than the width of the battery case.

Adjust the thickness of the mat. Figure 2 shows an example of a group of electrode plates assembled using fairly thick separators and mats. In the case of the electrode plate group shown in FIG. 2, when it is placed in a battery case, both ends of the electrode plate group must be strongly compressed before being placed in the battery case.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the ear portion 11 of the electrode plate is thinner than the other portions, and since the material thereof is a lead alloy, it easily deforms when pressure is applied to the electrode plate group.

Therefore, the pressure applied to the electrode plate group is absorbed by the separator and mat placed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and the thickness of the group becomes equal to the battery case width, making it possible to insert the electrode plate group. It has been known from experience that applying pressure to the electrode plates, especially the positive electrode plates, during battery assembly will extend the life of the battery. It is better to make a dog-tight line against the width and force it into the battery container. However, when considering the process of actually assembling a battery, it is necessary to tighten the monopolar plate group with strong pressure and place it into the battery case, so there is a limit to how much it can be done by one person.
Furthermore, even if it were done mechanically, it would be impossible at this scale to insert a group of electrode plates into a battery case without destroying the electrode plates. When manually inserting the electrode plate group into the battery case, if the pressure applied to the electrode plate group exceeds 1k"ra,
is almost impossible.

FIG. 4 shows a lead-acid battery assembled using the above-described pressurization spacer, and shows its state before pressurization. Further, FIG. 5 shows the state after the spacer is filled with compressed gas and the entire electrode plate group is pressurized. In the figure, 12 is a battery case, 13 is a lid, and 14 is a liquid stopper mounting hole.

After placing a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator, and a cape in this order and welding the ears of the same polarity plates to form a shelf 9, the pressurizing spacer 1 in the trench with the end 4 of the tube 3 open is attached to the pole. They are arranged at both ends of the board group and inserted into the battery case 12. At this time, adjust the thickness of the separator and mat so that the combined thickness of the electrode plate group and pressurized spacer is the same as the inside of the battery case, or slightly narrower. This makes it extremely easy to insert the electrode plate group into the battery case.

After inserting the electrode plate group, the connections between the cells and the lid 13 are performed. Thereafter, the pipe 3 connected to the pressurizing spacer is pulled out from the liquid stopper mounting hole 13 and compressed air is fed from one end 4. By doing so, the pressurizing spacer main body 1 inside the battery case expands between the battery case and the electrode plate group, and presses the electrode plate group. The pressure generated by the expansion of the pressure spacer partially acts on the deformation of the battery case wall, but mostly acts as a force that presses the electrode plate group. As mentioned above, although the tip of the ear of the electrode plate itself is welded to the shelf, the ear directly below the shelf is easily deformed, so the electrode plate at the end of the electrode plate group is easily deformed and the pressure is absorbed. Transfer to the inner separator and mat. The separator and mat subjected to zero pressure absorb some pressure, and the amount that cannot be absorbed is transmitted to the next electrode plate inside, and this series of phenomena is sequentially transmitted to the central part of the electrode plate group, and the pressurized spacer is It stops when the pressure is balanced. The 6th model showed this kind of situation.
It is a diagram. The pressure of the air sent into the pressurized spacer is 10,
05 to 1 kg/ra, and the end 4 of the pipe 3 after air pressure is inserted.
is melted and sealed. After this, the tube 3 is forcibly pushed into the battery through the liquid port attachment hole 13, an electrolytic solution is injected, and the battery is charged. The thickness of tube 3 is the same as that of mounting hole 1.
It is better to make it thinner than 3 to make it easier to insert it inside the battery.

As an example of such a lead-acid battery of the present invention, a cycle service storage battery EB100 type will be described below. A polypropylene resin having a thickness of 1 mm was used and was pressed into a bag shape to form a pressurized spacer body. A tube made of the same material was welded to the upper part of the spacer body to form a pressurized spacer. After assembling a battery using this pressurized spacer, the pressure applied to the inner wall of the pressurized spacer is 0.2 kg/c relative to atmospheric pressure.
Compressed air was fed into the battery until the battery was sealed, forming a battery A. Discharge this battery in an atmosphere of 30°C (30°C at 26A)
Time)-charging (6 hours at 18 A) was repeated, and the change in capacity was measured.

For comparison, the compressed air pressure put into the conventional EB100 type battery B- and the pressurized spacer was 0.05 kg.
Similar tests were also conducted on EB1OO type batteries C and D, each of which was set at 1 kg/r4. The above value was chosen for the air pressure because 0.05 kg/+4 is approximately equal to the pressure applied to the electrode group of a conventional storage battery, so 1 kg/r4 is approximately equal to the pressure applied to the electrode group of a conventional storage battery. There is no suitable spacer material that can withstand this pressure, and if the pressure is too high for the battery case itself, the mat between the electrode plates will no longer be able to hold the electrolyte and the battery will deteriorate. be.

Figure 6 shows the change in capacity when charging and discharging were repeated. The change in capacity of battery C in which the pressure inside the pressurizing spacer is 0.05 kg/ryJ is almost the same as that of conventional battery B. Furthermore, the capacity of the battery at a pressure of 1 kg/J changes in a slightly smaller range than that of the conventional battery B. However, at the end of its life, the capacity decreases more slowly than in the conventional battery B. pressure o,
Although the initial capacity of 2 kg/ , , M A is slightly lower than that of conventional battery B, there is almost no decrease in capacity, about 1
The battery can be charged and discharged 1,000 times, making it nearly twice as long as conventional batteries.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the lead-acid battery of the present invention can compress the electrode plate group with higher pressure than conventional batteries, and even if a paste-type positive electrode plate is used, it is almost as strong as a battery using a clad-type positive electrode plate. Now you can expect the same lifespan.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a pressurized spacer used in a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the electrode plate group, Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the same electrode plate group, and Fig. 4 is a pressurized spacer. A cross-sectional view showing a state in which an electrode plate group with spacers arranged at both ends is inserted into a battery case. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the electrode plate group is pressurized by sealing compressed gas in the pressurizing spacer. - Figure 6 is a diagram showing the life characteristics of the storage battery.

1-...Pressure spacer, 6...Paste type negative electrode plate, 6...Base l set positive electrode plate, 7...Separator 8...Glass mat.

Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Δ Figure 6 Tax exemption revolving cap)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hollow pressurized spacer made of acid-resistant resin is placed on both ends of a unit battery equipped with an electrode plate group using a paste-type positive electrode plate, and compressed gas is sealed in the hollow part of this pressurized spacer to compress the unit battery. A lead-acid battery configured to