JPS5914078B2 - Solid detergent and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to solid non-soap detergents, meaning solid detergents based on non-soap detergents, for personal washing and to processes for their production.

A solid non-soap detergent consists essentially of a non-soap detergent active, a binder that holds the detergent solid, and a plasticized solid material;
Consists of sufficient plasticizer to allow it to knead and mold.

Soaps are commonly used as plasticizers in solid non-soap detergents.
Solid detergents usually contain supergreasing agents, fabric softeners, and fillers. The function of the supergreaser is to impart improved foaming properties to the detergent bar. Among the supergreasing agents commonly used in solid non-soap detergents are higher free fatty acids that act as binders and plasticizers. It has been found that by converting some or all of the 90 free fatty acids into inclusion compounds with urea known as clathrates, foaming properties, particularly with respect to foam volume, can be improved.

Clathrate compounds 95 between long-chain fatty acids and urea are all known: irrespective of the apparent chain length of the fatty acids, a loose association is formed between about 3 parts by weight of urea and 1 part of free fatty acids.

When a solid non-soap detergent containing urea and free fatty acids is produced, clathrates containing the proportions present in the detergent bar even if the clathrates are not formed prior to addition to the detergent composition. .

This is because the normal conditions of solid detergent manufacturing provide intimate mixing sufficient to form clathrates from separately added urea and free fatty acids. greater than the equivalents of urea and free fatty acids required for clathrate, or
Alternatively, if a small amount is added, the excess of one component over the other components can be considered to remain in the free state. Clathrates containing an excess of one component over another are expressed herein simply as the ratio of total urea to total fatty acid content. The present invention comprises clathrates of urea and free fatty acids whose urea and free fatty acid content does not exceed 50% by weight of the total active detergent, urea and free fatty acid content, and the amount of non-soap detergent is at least 10% by weight of the total active detergent. To provide a certain solid superfat detergent.

Preferably, the amount of non-soap detergent is at least 50%, especially 60% or 70% of the total active detergent content.

The total amount of urea and free fatty acids is 1-45%, especially the total active detergent,
Preferably from 5 to 40% by weight of urea and free fatty acids. It will be appreciated that the total amount of active detergent thus expressed is on a dry matter basis and that the non-soap detergent bar necessarily contains an amount of water and plasticizer sufficient to provide the necessary plasticity to the detergent bar. This water content varies depending on the chemical composition of the solid detergent, but is generally within the range of 2 to 15% by weight of the solid detergent. The amount of free fatty acids relative to the total active detergent weight can be in the range 1 to 50%, preferably 3 to 45%: less than 30%, especially 25% relative to the total active detergent, urea and free fatty acid weight. Less is preferred.

It is preferred that the solid detergent has less than 25% urea, especially less than 20% urea based on the total active detergent, urea and free fatty acid weight. The clathrate can be provided with 0.1 to 10 parts of urea for each part by weight of free fatty acid. Solid detergent contains urea part of 0.1 to 1 part of free fatty acid.
6, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 3.5. Advantageously, the amount of urea is less than that required to form clathrates from all the free fatty acids present. Solid detergents are obtained by cutting the detergent composition extruded through the holes into sticks (Blllets) and stamps (Stamps).
ng) molded tablets. As is well known to manufacturers of solid detergents, it is necessary that the solid detergent ingredients, including active detergents, binders, plasticizers, superfat agents and fillers, be selected in such a way that plastic detergent bars can be produced from them. be.

The non-soap active detergents in the detergent bars of the present invention can be selected from a wide variety of materials, singly or in combination. Examples of suitable non-soap detergent active formulations are fatty alcohol sulfates derived from ClO-Cl8 alcohols, especially lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol; ClO-C2
Fatty acid derivatives including fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates, fatty acid acyl sarcosinates, fatty acid acyl isethionates and fatty acid sulfonates derived from two fatty acids, especially lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid; ClO-C22 alkanes and α Alkane and α-olefin sulfonates derived from mixtures of olefins, especially ClI-C,8 alkanes or α-olefins; and sulfonated alkyl mono- and polyglycerol ethers derived from ClO-Cl8 aliphatic alcohols. The cation in these non-soap detergent active formulations is usually sodium or potassium, but other ions such as ammonium, substituted ammonium or magnesium cations can be included. The manufacture of detergent bars from such non-soap detergents with or without soap is disclosed in British Patent No. 756,50.
No. 2, No. 1,151,052, No. 1,167,131
No. 1,171,616, No. 1,171,617, No. 1,185,317, No. 1,281,895,
No. 1,295,275 and U.S. Patent No. 2
, No. 894,912, No. 3,024,273, and No. 3,070,547. If a soap is included, it can be provided as an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of a long chain fatty acid, preferably a sodium or potassium salt.

Typically such fatty acids will be linear saturated or unsaturated fatty acids of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Suitable such fatty acids include taro, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil,
Babas coconut oil and the fatty acids of coconut oil, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid and the acids of dehydrated hydrogenated castor oil; or erucic acid and behenic acid. Typical mixtures of such acids suitable for soap formation include, for example, 30-95% by weight of taro fatty acids and 70-5% by weight of coconut oil fatty acids, especially 40-80%.
It is a mixture containing 60-20% of taro fatty acids and 60-20% of coconut oil fatty acids. Relatively soft soaps, such as soaps made from unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, or rather than soda soaps, appropriate proportions of potash soaps act as plasticizers in solid non-soap detergents, thus improving the soap's performance. Can be done. The general structural requirements for fatty acids to form urea talaslates are well known.

Whether or not commonly used fatty acids form urea clathrates is easily tested. The presence of urea-free fatty acid clathrates in a urea-free fatty acid composition or solid detergent can usually be detected from an X-line powder diffraction diagram showing the short spatial characteristics of the urea-free fatty acid clathrates. The fatty acid used in clathrate formation can be any free fatty acid capable of forming clathrates, such as one of the above fatty acids or a mixture thereof. It will usually be a long chain saturated or monoethenoid. The free fatty acids of the clathrate can have the same composition as the soap involved, or can be different. Coconut oil fatty acids are particularly suitable for supplying clathrates. The active detergent metal ions contained in detergents, particularly soaps, can be exchanged within the individual detergent formulation or transferred to the free fatty acids added to the solid detergent composition, but the detergent formulations and ions contained therein can be exchanged within the individual detergent formulation or transferred to the free fatty acids added to the solid detergent composition. It is expedient to treat any free fatty acids added either before or during the formation of the detergent bar so as not to replace it. Solid detergents include disodium adipate, sodium malate or sodium lactate and British patent applications 4180/82, 43918/73, 1994/7
3 and 35528/73, and the use of clathrates containing such wetting agents ensures that such solid detergents containing them have no foaming properties. This is particularly important as it tends to show a decrease in

The amount of wet formulation used will generally be 5-15% by weight of total active detergent, urea and free fatty acids. Suitable softeners for use in solid detergents are aliphatic alcohols such as myristyl, cetyl and stearyl alcohol. The solid detergent of the present invention contains a masking agent (sequestering agent).
ts), antioxidants, opacifiers (0 pacifiers)
, fluorescent agents and colorants may also be included. In the method of the present invention, a solid detergent is produced by adding the necessary urea and free fatty acids to a solid detergent composition under conditions for obtaining clathrates, and forming a composition containing clathrates in a bath.

For example, preformed clathrates made by heating urea and free fatty acids together can be dispersed in a total active detergent or soap; preferably, they are ground and dispersed in a dry detergent composition. Alternatively, the clathrates are formed in situ in a fully active detergent or soap. Wet soap (greater than 15% water) containing urea and free fatty acids can be heated and then dried to form clathrates. For example, free fatty acids can be mixed with a neutral moist soap base containing urea before drying, and the heated liquid mixture is passed through a conventional vacuum dryer, during which time the clathrates are formed. Clathrates can also be formed in situ in detergent compositions by grinding and dispersing urea and free fatty acids; it is preferred that the free fatty acids are already dispersed in the composition containing urea. The urea is conveniently added as a finely divided powder and the fatty acids are conveniently added in the molten state to facilitate dispersion. Suitable heating to form the clathrate can be carried out during the normal process of powdering and rolling if the fatty acid has a melting point below the processing temperature. The composition to which the clathrate is added or formed should of course be free of alkali. The invention is illustrated by the following examples, in which all amounts are by weight and temperatures are in °C.

The % content of ingredients in solid detergents is expressed as the amount % of total active detergent, free fatty acids and urea. The procedure for the foaming capacity test is as follows.

Foam Capacity Test This test uses water of standard temperature and hardness, mimics consumer usage conditions by standard procedures, and tests the tablets used by an operator wearing thin rubber gloves to generate foam. be done.

The tablet, which has been thoroughly washed for at least 10 minutes before the test, is moistened and twisted between the hands 15 times, inverting each time; the tablet is then placed down and placed on the palm of the right hand with the fingertips and spring Rub the fingertips of your left hand forward 10 times to create bubbles from the liquid on your hand. The foam on the right hand is then grasped with the left hand on the wrist and squeezed and collected as it moves over the fingers, thus moving the foam between the index finger and thumb of the left hand. Grasping and squeezing are repeated using the right hand and over the left hand. This collection method is repeated five times, and the bubbles are collected on the upper right hand side. This foam is collected with the fingers of the left hand and placed again on the palm of the right hand. The whole procedure of rubbing and collecting is repeated once more. The foam formation and collection stage should take approximately 30 seconds. The collected foam is poured into a beaker and then the hands are rinsed. Two more batches of bubbles are made using the above procedure and the combined bubbles in one beaker are gently stirred with a glass rod to release large pockets of trapped air. The surface is leveled with a finger and the foam volume is measured. Each test is done in pairs and the results are averaged.

Examples 1 and 2 A non-soap detergent composition having the following ingredients was used as the base composition.

Sodium acyl isethionate had the acyl groups of fatty acids from coconut oil, and the soda soap was a mixture of soaps made from stearic acid and fatty acids of taro and coconut oil.

3.9 parts of urea were added to 100 parts of the basic composition and the mixture was ground in conventional equipment, rolled, cut into bars and pressed into tablets (Example 1).

The tablet is 56.1% non-soap detergent, 12.2 (Fb
of stone, 27.4% free fatty acids and clathrates (
5.8%) and 4.3% urea. 10 more
Add 12.6 parts of urea to 0 parts of base composition, 51.
2% non-soap detergent, 11.10tI stoneware, 25.0%
of free fatty acids and clathrates (1.70 (fl))
A tablet containing 12.7% urea was prepared in the same manner (Example 2).

Tablet (4) was manufactured from the basic composition, 58.6%
of non-stone detergent, contained 12.7% stone and 28.6% free fatty acids.

All tablets were then subjected to a lather capacity test with the following results.

Examples 3 and 4 A non-stone detergent composition having the following ingredients was used as a base composition for making tablets.

5.2 parts produced by mixing 3.9 parts of urea and 1.3 parts of coconut oil fatty acid with 100 parts of the basic composition, heating at 90 °C in the presence of the ultimate amount of water, and cooling. class rate of 2
, along with 6 parts of additional coconut oil free fatty acids.

The mixture was ground, rolled, cut into bars, and containing 90.4% non-stone detergent, 4.8% free fatty acids and clathrate (
6.4%) into tablets containing 4.8% urea (Example 3). 12.7 in 100 parts of base composition
17.0 parts of urea coconut oil fatty acid clathrate made from 5 parts of urea and 4.25 parts of fatty acid were added to give 81.2 (
Tablets containing 14.1% urea as clathrate (18.8 (Fb)) were prepared as described above (Example 4).

Tablet (8) contains 100 parts of base composition and 3.7 parts
Manufactured from 5 parts of coconut oil free fatty acids: 9 tablets
It contained 5.2% non-stone detergent and 541% free fatty acids. All tablets were then subjected to a lather capacity test with the following results.

Examples 5 and 6 A non-stone detergent composition having the following ingredients was used as the base composition.

To 100 parts of base composition, 4.35 parts of urea and 4.
5.8 parts of clathrate, prepared by mixing 45 parts of hydrogenated taro-fatty acids, heating at 900 °C in the presence of trace moisture and cooling, was added along with 10.1 parts of hydrogenated taro-free fatty acids. .

The mixture was ground, rolled and cut into rods to contain 81.6% non-stone detergent, 13.4% free fatty acids and clathrate (
(Example 5).100 parts of the base composition contained 19
．． Added 0 parts of hydrogenated taro-fatty acid clathrates and 7.9 parts of hydrogenated taro-fatty acid free fatty acids, 72.3% non-stone detergent, 13.0% free fatty acids and clathrates (1
Tablets containing 14.7% urea (9.6%) were prepared as described above (Example 6).

Tablets (O is 100 parts of base composition and 11.1
The tablets contained 86.4% non-stone detergent and 13.6% free fatty acids.

All tablets were then subjected to a lather capacity test with the following results.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1 characterized in that the urea and free fatty acid content is not more than 50% by weight of the total active detergent, urea and free fatty acid content and the non-soap detergent constitutes at least 10% by weight of the total active detergent , a solid superfat detergent consisting of a detergent and a clathrate of urea and free fatty acids. 2. Solid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of non-soap detergent is at least 50% by weight of the total active detergent. 3. Solid detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of non-soap detergent is at least 70% by weight of the total active detergent. 4. The solid detergent as described in each of the above items, wherein the amount of urea and free fatty acids is 5 to 40% by weight of the total active detergent, urea and free fatty acids. 5. The solid detergent described in each of the above items, characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 3.5 parts by weight of urea per part of free fatty acid. 6. The solid detergent as described in each of the above items, wherein the non-soap detergent is comprised of an aliphatic acyl isethionate. 7. The solid detergent described in each of the above items, wherein the free fatty acid is composed of coconut oil fatty acid. 8. A method for producing a solid superfat detergent, which comprises adding required urea and free fatty acids to a solid detergent composition under conditions for obtaining clathrate, and forming a composition containing clathrate into a solid form. 9. The method of claim 8, characterized in that the preformed clathrates are ground and dispersed in the dry detergent composition.