JPS59134613A - Fine-adjustable grooving cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a grooving cutter for cutting a groove in the bore of a hole with possibility of fine adjustment by equipping a cutter shaft installed eccentric to the drive shaft and a cutter to be fitted on this cutter shaft separably with respective specified numbers of grooves, and by connecting the two by a pin. CONSTITUTION:A cutter 3 is fitted separably on a cutter shaft 2, which is installed eccentric to the drive shaft 1. At the fit surface with the cutter shaft 2, the cutter 3 is provided with spline 4 in the axial direction by dividing the circumference into eleven equally, while five grooves 5 are formed in the periphery of said cutter shaft 2 in the axial direction at a constant pitche. A key- shaped roll pin 6 is inserted in these two 4, 5 in their positions in which the spline 4 and groove 5 face each other, and the cutter 3 is fastened by a bolt 7. If the number of grooves 5 is represented by N in this arrangement, a fine adjustement of 1/N as much as that of any conventional grooving cutter can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a grooving cutter for cutting grooves on the inner peripheral surface of a hole.

The above-mentioned grooving cutter generally has a configuration as shown in FIG. , the axis of the hole C in the workpiece coincides with the axis A of the drive shaft 01, and when the cutter 03 inserted into the hole C starts rotating around the axis A by the drive shaft 01, the guide 08 and advance groove 09
Accordingly, the cutter 03 rotates by a predetermined angle and cuts into the inner periphery of the hole C, thereby machining a ring-shaped groove on the inner periphery.

However, in the conventional grooving cutter, the mounting shaft 02 and the cutter 03 are mounted so that they mesh with each other through the serrations 04, which are carved in alignment with both the mounting shaft 02 and the cutter 03, as shown in Fig. 2. Therefore, the distance γ between the axis A of the drive shaft 01 and the cutting edge of the cutter 03 (corresponding to the rotation radius)
If you try to change the angle of the cutter 03 around the mounting shaft 02 to adjust the length, the minimum unit of change will be one pitch of the serrations, so you will not be able to finely adjust the distance γ beyond that amount. Therefore, the accuracy of the depth of the groove to be machined is low, which is disadvantageous. Note that the machined grooves are generally used for retaining retainers of bearings, O-rings, and other retaining grooves, and the depth thereof is very shallow, and the accuracy of depth and shallowness has a large effect, so high accuracy is required.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and has a structure including a cutter shaft provided eccentrically with respect to the drive shaft, and a cutter shaft that is removably fitted to the cutter shaft. a cutter, a plurality of grooves carved along the shaft on one side of the fitting surface of the cutter shaft and the cutter, dividing the circumference equally; Or, insert a plurality of grooves in which the number of grooves equal to the total number minus 1 are carved at an equal pitch, and the grooves of the cutter shaft and the groove of the cutter are inserted in common at a position where they face each other. The present invention is a fine-adjustment grooving cutter characterized by a key-shaped pin, which is configured as described above, except that the groove of the cutter shaft and the groove of the cutter face each other at one point. , it is possible to create a misalignment at all other locations, and for example, if the cutter grooves are carved evenly on the circumference, the number of grooves carved on the cutter shaft can be reduced. For example, one pitch of the groove of the cutter can be equally divided into N pieces, which has the advantage that fine adjustment can be made by 1/N compared to the conventional grooving cutter. That is, when the number of serrations in the conventional cutter attachment part is n, the minimum adjustment angle is 360[gamma]n, whereas in the present invention, it can be adjusted to a minute angle of 360[deg.]/nXN.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. In these figures, 1 is a drive shaft for rotationally driving a cutter 3, which will be described later, 2 is a cutter shaft provided eccentrically with respect to the drive shaft 1, and 3 is a cutter detachably fitted to the cutter shaft 2. , 4 is the circumference carved along the shaft on the cutter 3 side of the fitting surface of the cutter shaft 2 and cutter 3.
11 equally divided splines (grooves), 5 are 5 grooves carved on the cutter shaft 2 side of the fitting surface between the cutter shaft 2 and the cutter 3, keeping the same pitch along the shaft; 6 is a position where the spline 4 and the groove 5 face each other, and the spline 4. ! :Groove 5
A key-shaped roll pin 7 inserted in common with the cutter shaft 2 is screwed into a female screw provided at the end of the cutter shaft 2 to prevent the cutter 3 from falling off.
This is a locking bolt that has been tightened.

Next, the effects of the above embodiment will be explained.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the spline 4 and the groove 5 in FIG. The scale above the line shown as the mating surface indicates each center line of the spline 4,
The lower scale marks each center line of the groove 5.

Since the value 1115 obtained by dividing the number of splines n by the number of grooves N is 2.2, each time the second and fourth threads of spline 4 are increased, the remainder of 2.2 is 0, 2. The spline 4 and the groove 5 are multiples of δ, 2δ, etc. in the figure.
It appears as a gap between the two.

Therefore, if you want to slightly adjust the cutter 3 in relation to the cutter shaft 2, for example counterclockwise in Fig. 4, remove the roll pin 6 and rotate the cutter 3 by 02 turns relative to the spline pitch 1. By the way, spline 4
When the second article of the spline 4 and the first article of the groove 5 have rotated 04 times, the fourth article of the spline 4 and the second article of the groove 5 match. Thereafter, the rotations are sequentially matched every 0.6 and 0.8 rotations, so by inserting the roll pin 6 at a desired position, the mounting angle of the cutter 4 can be adjusted with an accuracy of 115 times the pitch of the spline 4. By the way, if the cutter is installed in the conventional manner with the number 11 splines mentioned above, the minimum adjustment angle is 36.
While it stays at 327° in 0'/11, in this example it can be finely adjusted to 360°/65° in IIX S. Similar results can be obtained by rotating the cutter clockwise.

In the above embodiment, the number of splines 4 is 11, and the number of grooves 5 is N.
The selection of n and H can be made arbitrarily under the desirable conditions of the number n and N of grooves (including splines, serrations, grooves, and other grooves for the same purpose) as explained below. be.

In other words, as a desirable condition for the grooves on the cutter and the cutter shaft, since the minimum adjustment angle of the cutter depends on 1/n-N, it is desirable that the number of mutual grooves be large as long as the installation conditions such as strength allow. However, as will be explained later, if they each have a common divisor, a result equivalent to only the number of grooves that contribute to fine adjustment by dividing the total number of grooves on one side by that common divisor will be produced, and the expected 1/n The accuracy of -N decreases to (common divisor)/n-N, so do not include a common divisor unless, for example, maintaining strength by increasing the number of roll pins has priority over maintaining accuracy. is essential. Otherwise, there is no point in increasing the number of grooves. The reason for this and the mechanism in which the accuracy is determined by the numbers n and N of both grooves (hereinafter simply referred to as n and N) will be explained below.

First, assuming that the cutter shaft side is n and the cutter side is N, as is clear from Fig. 7 and the explanation of the embodiment above, the cutter can be adjusted at a minute angle of 1/n-N The N grooves must not coincide with the n splines at a position other than 0 in the diagram at the same time. In other words, all N grooves other than 0 are n.
The requirement is that it be in the middle of the splines. This means that the quotient obtained by dividing n by N always has a remainder (decimal) part, and at the same time, the values obtained by multiplying that quotient by 1, 2, etc. (N-1) all have a remainder part. means you have to have it.

Looking at general values of n and N that satisfy these conditions, n/
Assuming that N naturally chooses a combination that has a remainder, in order for the value obtained by multiplying that value by 1 Ci: 1, 2.3...(N-1)) to have a remainder, in U1, n and This means that N must not have a common divisor. This is because if they have a common divisor, both n and N will be divisible by that common divisor (divisible as an integer), and the denominator will be smaller than N, so when the corresponding 1 appears in the numerator, n・i/N
is evenly divided, and before 1 reaches (N71), the cutter and the cutter axis have grooves that match even if it is not 0, so the condition is not satisfied. Therefore, the condition is that n and N do not include a common divisor.

If n, :N has a common divisor, it is divided into a group of integers formed by the common divisor, so under the condition that 11 is equally pitched (equally divided) and N is also equally pitched, these groups are mutually For example, when one of the grooves in a group of grooves matches the n-side groove, it goes without saying that one of the grooves in the other groups also matches, but the grooves next to those matching grooves also match. The amount by which the groove on the n side is offset from the groove on the n side is the same for each group, and the same can be said for the adjacent grooves.In the end, all groups other than the first group become useless, and N/( If only the grooves of (common divisor) are useful, the expected cutter adjustment angle 1/n-N decreases to (common divisor)/, -N.

In order to avoid this, it is sufficient to select n and N that do not have a common divisor.

Next, I selected n,! : Even if there are deviations at all other points except for the N grooves being aligned at one point around the entire circumference, the deviations are arithmetically equal to the amount that one pitch on the n side is divided into N equal parts. In particular, if the remainder of the quotient of n/N is large and changes roughly, it is possible to maintain the amount of adjustment of 1/n-N as in the case of fine changes. Explain that no problems will occur.

Since the remainder δ of the quotient of n7m is −N δ −□, for example, the standard (01 to 1
The th remainder is 1δ 1, δ−n −N , , , , , 0. ,,,,,,
,,,, (1゜[:i:L2,3...(N-1)]
It is expressed as Since the right side of the equation is constant except for i, l
・δ depends on 1 and becomes an arithmetic series. 1・
When δ exceeds 1, the excess amount becomes the new remainder.

Since the arithmetic property is not broken even before and after exceeding 1, the new remainder for the groove on the N side of that part is 1・δ before exceeding 1.
The difference between δ and the groove, for example, becomes a remainder smaller than δ by S, and subsequent remainders are all smaller by S than the remainder before exceeding 1. Next, the remainder that exceeds 1 again becomes smaller, and in the same manner, when the remainder reaches O, the groove makes one round and returns to its original state. In this way, even if δ is large, its thickness is cyclically reduced in small increments at the position of the groove on the N side of the tilted edge, and when viewed over the entire circumference, the minimum adjustment amount is 1/n-N.
I settled on. Figure 8 is a diagram explaining this situation.
The remainders corresponding to N2, N3... are δ, 2δ, 3δ
...but 3δ is actually P (=1) at N3
, a new remainder δ1 is generated for N4. δ1 is smaller than δ by S, but this means that for nl, P
Since N3°N4 is reproducing the situation where N2, which has an interval of , N2 is closer by S, to n4, δ++2δ1 is δ.

Each S is smaller than 2δ. Hereinafter, similarly, δ2 and 2δ2 are assumed to be even smaller, and continue until the position where δX is OK, that is, the No position after one round. Therefore δ.

2δ, δ1, 2δ1. There is no equivalent value for δ2..., and there are definitely N values with homogeneity, so regardless of the order, N values are p(=1)/N, 2P/N, 3P/
N...NP/N (-0P/N), and in the end the remainders are δ, 2δ, . . . as in the case of Figure 7.
1 and if it does not exceed 1 until the end, a difference in running distance, etc. will be obtained, and the same adjustment effect will be obtained.

Next, an example will be explained.

From formula (1), 1δ-2 1-ze1-41 55 ・°・11δ-415X1= 415 ,'・Remainder 4
1512δ−415X2= 815 II 3
1513δ-415X3=1215. 11 215
14δ - 415

The difference is 115 points.

117N-11/7 Same as above, δ-Rinji 7. ．． =4, 7,', jlδ-4/7X1=477,', remainder 4
/712δ-477×2-8/7〃1/7 13δ-4/7X3=12/7 // 5/7
Goose 4δ-477× 4-16/7 〃
2/715δ-4/7X5=20/7 //
6/716δ-4/7X6=24/7 1/3
/7 In other words, the deviation in the first groove on the N side is 4.
From 77 onwards, it circulates intermittently and grows larger. The difference is 1/7.

As is clear from the above, in order to generate the deviations (remainder) sequentially and orderly as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the difference between N or its multiple and n should be set to 1. In addition, n
If the deviation with the groove on the OO side increases arithmetically, it means that the deviation with the groove on the opposite side decreases arithmetically. Therefore, with respect to the 0 position, move the cutter clockwise or counterclockwise. It is equally useful to turn the screw in either direction and find a matching point between the grooves n and N. This can also be said from the fact that all deviations occur symmetrically with respect to the 0 position. Since the relationship between n and N is relative, the side of the tilt may be the cutter or the cutter shaft.

The above describes an example in which both n and N have equal pitches, but next we will discuss an example in which grooves with a number equal to the total number on the other side of n and N minus 1 are carved with equal pitches. explain.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the n-side and the N-side following FIG. 7. In this figure, n is 9 grooves with equal pitch P all around the circumference,
For N, the intervals between the six grooves of the seven grooves from the No groove to N6 are all P, which is the same pitch, but the interval Px between N6 and No is not subject to particular accuracy, and is set according to the convenience of processing. The value is 1\ which is determined passively. The pitch P of N is simply n
It is determined only by the sum of the pitch P and l/N, that is, 1/7, as δ. Even in this way, the remainder is O2δ, 2
δ, 3δ...6δ, so there are 7 pieces arithmetic, so the 7th
The same adjustment effect as in the example shown is obtained, and the minimum adjustment angle of the cutter is l/n-N. In the example, in order to facilitate understanding, P on the n side is the pitch of the grooves, but for example, every two grooves,
Alternatively, even if δ is added or subtracted with each three grooves as one unit, the effect is exactly the same. In the previous example, one side of n and N does not have a common divisor with the other side, and for this purpose, the number of grooves on one side is preferably a prime number in the sense that the selection range of the number of grooves on the other side is wider. Although there are some things to keep in mind, this example does not require these considerations, and focuses only on the pitch of one groove, and adds or subtracts a surplus of 1/N or 17n to it. There is an advantage that the pitch can be set at equal pitch portions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section along the axis of a general grooving cutter, Fig. 2 is an installation diagram of a conventional cutter seen along the -■ arrow line in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. Example side view, 4th
The figure shows the attachment part of the cutter seen along the ■--bar arrow line in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 shows the tip of the cutter shaft in Fig. 3.
FIG. 6 is a side view thereof, FIGS. 7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Drive shaft, 2... Cutter axis, 3... Cutter 4
...7 Fuin, 5...groove, 6. Roll bottle t
rA ■ 謔 2 图 3 ツ カ 4 Shuman 6 站 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cutter shaft provided eccentrically with respect to the drive shaft, a cutter removably fitted to the cutter shaft, and an engraving along the shaft on one of the fitting surfaces of the cutter shaft and the cutter. A plurality of grooves equally dividing the circumference of the circumference, and on the other hand, a plurality of grooves in which the total number or the number of grooves subtracted by one from the total number are carved at an equal pitch along the axis; At the position where the groove of the cutter shaft and the groove of the cutter face each other, A fine adjustment grooving cutter characterized by a key-shaped pin commonly inserted into both grooves.