JPS5912321A - Spectrometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to select a laser device which has the most suitable wavelength for the desired treatment, by measuring and displaying the difference in intensity of reflection with regard to many wavelengths from the nornal skin and the diseased skin before the application of the treatment using a nevus treating laser device. CONSTITUTION:In a wavelength measuring device 42, a light beam, which has a wavelength specified by a wavelength selecting device 47, is selected and extracted out of light beams from a light source 41, and guided to a body to be measured A through a light guide 43. The reflected light from the body to be measured A is guided to a reflected light measuring device 44 through the light guide 43, and the intensity of the reflected light is measured. When the instruction for starting measurement is imparted to a controller 46 from a starting button 45, the wavelengths to be selected are sequentially spcified to the wavelength selecting device 47. Each measured value is memorized. When the measurement starting instruction is outputted again, the same procedure as the first time is performed. The difference between the measured value of the first time and that of the second time is computed and displayed on a display part 48.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention measures and displays the difference in reflection intensity for various wavelengths of normal skin and abnormal skin before treatment with a radar device for nevus treatment, thereby determining the optimal wavelength for treatment. This article relates to a spectrometer that can be used to learn about the Rade device.

[Technical weight of the invention]

Currently, various devices using laser light are being proposed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, there is a laser treatment device used in the field of plastic surgery for removing birthmarks such as birthmarks, age spots, and freckles.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a device power supply, and 2 is a laser oscillation source that receives power from the device power supply 1 via a cable 1a and oscillates a laser beam, and is connected to the laser output end of the laser oscillation source 2. A flexible light guide 4 containing an optical fiber is connected via a connector 3.

Further, a manual applicator 6 equipped with a kaleidoscope for equalizing light distribution intensity is connected to the output end of the light guide 4 via a connector 15.

In such a device, the laser light output from the laser oscillation source 2 is guided to the applicator 6 via the light guide 4, and a kaleidoscope in the applicator 6 attempts to make the light intensity distribution uniform. Afterwards, it is emitted from the tip of the applicator 6.

Therefore, the operator holds the applicator 6 in his hand, aims the target at the affected area, and irradiates the laser beam.

This is the affected group lol! Treatment is performed by instantaneously cauterizing 1.

A problem with conventional devices is that the spectral characteristics of the injured tissue have a large effect on the therapeutic effect.

That is, among laser treatments, the difference in the amount of LED light absorbed between normal cells and abnormal cells poses a problem when thermal destruction is performed by utilizing the photoselective characteristics of tissue cells in the affected area.

Figure 2 shows the structure of the affected tissue in the case of a pigmented nevus. In the figure, 21 is normal skin tissue, 11217; r Affected area 1123 is epidermis, 249-J dermis, 22 is colored,
It is not a 1ull cell or a colored substance.

The color of the affected nevus is different from that of the skin because the dermal layer contains many colored cells caused by melanin.
The so-called tattoo is created by replacing the melanin granules with dye.

Therefore, in a laser device intended for nevus treatment, it is also possible to erase the input M~, and the order of action is the same.

By the way, in terms of -L', it is the four-part mother of figure 12! lL#j!
Not all of them are abnormal. In other words, a nevus is a condition in which colored cells are mixed in a normal braid, and the color varies depending on the type of stone in which they are mixed, such as black or brown.

Now, when the laser beam is instantaneously irradiated to the laser beam 22 in FIG. Laser therapy takes advantage of the fact that it is possible to selectively destroy colored cells by selecting a wavelength that produces a large amount of radiation and setting the energy density to an appropriate value.

By the way, since the normal skin tissue 21 adjacent to the affected nevus 22 exhibits almost the same spectral characteristics as the normal cells within the affected nevus 22, the spectral characteristics of the normal tissue around the nevus are measured,
The measured values can be used as the spectral characteristics of normal cells within the affected nevus.

On the other hand, the spectral characteristics of the affected nevus 22 are a combination of the spectral characteristics of normal cells and colored cells within the nevus, so the difference in spectral characteristics for the affected nevus 22 includes the spectral characteristics for colored cells. It contains an element representing.

Therefore, when selectively destroying colored cells or colored substances with laser light, it is possible to select a laser beam with a power wavelength that makes the spectral difference in these spectral characteristics sufficiently large. The energy of the laser beam can be concentrated only on the target area, resulting in a higher therapeutic effect.

Figures 3 (a), (b), and (C) are diagrams showing clinical examples of skin measured using a spectrometer, and the horizontal axis is the wavelength of light λ [μ
m] The vertical axis indicates the reflectance η1.

Figure 3 (a) i, j The reflectance spectrum characteristics of the normal region.The reflectance is generally high, and as the wavelength increases, the reflectance increases, p, in the region longer than 0.65 μm. The reflectance shows a nearly constant tendency. Also, 0.
This absorption characteristic, which has a minimum value near 55 μm, is due to hemoglobin absorption within the red sphere.

Such reflectance characteristics are visually recognized as so-called skin color.

FIG. 3(b) is an example of a black nevus adjacent to the normal area in FIG. 3(,), and shows an overall lower reflectance than the normal area. As the wavelength becomes longer, the reflectance gradually increases, but this characteristic is the reflectance characteristic of melanin pigment itself, and such a reflectance spectrum characteristic mouth is visually recognized as brown or black.

FIG. 3(c) shows the characteristic difference in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) and the reflectance (x) obtained by dividing the characteristics.

The reflectance SR difference shows a peak near 0.65 to 0.7 μm, and the difference is as much as about 0.3.

Therefore, from these points, it can be seen that in a case like this example, the wavelength of the ruby laser is 0.6943 μm, which is the closest wavelength, so it can be seen that the ruby laser beam is most suitable as the laser beam to be used.

By the way, the laser equipment that can be used for nevus treatment at the moment is an argon laser with a wavelength of about 500 μm and a laser beam at about 700 f.
im ruby laser, 1.06μm YAG laser 3
It can be said that a laser device that outputs light at a wavelength close to the wavelength at which the quictre difference in reflectance between the normal and abnormal areas is the largest is suitable for treating the nevus. Furthermore, if a nevus is treated with an optimal laser device, there will be less damage to normal cells and the treatment will be more effective.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and measures the reflection intensities of normal and abnormal areas at multiple wavelengths close to the wavelength of a laser that can be used for treatment, and divides the difference in reflection intensities to calculate the This is a device that can be used to determine which laser device is most suitable for treating the nevus in question.

[Summary of the invention]

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a light source and a light having a specified predetermined wavelength among the light from the light source. A wavelength setting device for selectively extracting the light, a light guide for guiding the selectively extracted light to the object to be measured and introducing the reflected light from the object to be measured, and the intensity of the reflected light introduced by the light guide to 11111. When receiving a command to start measurement, it sequentially specifies the wavelengths to be selected, obtains and stores measured values for each wavelength from the measuring device, and selects all wavelengths to be selected. When the measurement of the reflected light intensity is completed, the first 111 operation is completed, and when the instruction to start measurement is received again, the above operation is executed and the difference value from the measured value obtained at the -th time is calculated for each wavelength. A controller that calculates and outputs it together with wavelength data, and a display device that displays the wavelength data and calculated values that this controller outputs.
By guiding the light of each wavelength to the skin near the affected area and the affected skin of the object to be measured using a light guide, the intensity of each reflected light is measured and the difference in the measured value for each wavelength is determined. By determining the wavelength and displaying the results, it is possible to know the wavelength at which there is a large difference in light absorption between normal tissue and abnormal tissue, and to select the radar device with the optimal wavelength for treatment.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 41 is a light source that emits white light, and 42 is a wavelength setting device that extracts light of a predetermined wavelength from the light from this light source 4. The wavelength setter 42 holds a plurality of filters that can be selected by, for example, an external command, and transmits only light of a predetermined wavelength determined by the filter selected from the white light emitted from the light source 4. Reference numeral 43 denotes a light guide, which functions to transmit the transmitted light of this wavelength selector 47 to the object to be measured A, and also to transmit the reflected light from the object to be measured to the reflected light measuring device 44.

The reflected light measuring device 44 measures the intensity of the reflected light from the object A that enters from the light guide 43.

45 is a start button for giving a measurement start signal to the controller 46 which controls the entire system, and when the controller 46 receives the first No. 48 from the start button 45 by the operator pressing the start button 45, A signal for filter selection is sent to the wavelength selector 47 to instruct the wavelength to be measured first, and when the measured reflection intensity of light at that wavelength is received from the reflected light measuring device 44, the measured value is stored,
This operation is repeated by instructing the wavelength selector 47 again to determine the next wavelength to be measured and storing the reflection intensity coming from the reflected light measuring device 44, thereby storing the reflection intensities of all determined wavelengths. When the operation is finished, the operation is temporarily stopped, and when the operator presses the start button 45 again, the same operation as described above is performed, and the next reflection intensity measurement value is then memorized and subtracted from the previous reflection intensity measurement value. The difference value along with the wavelength is displayed on the display 48.
to display this.

The wavelength selector 47 receives a signal from the controller 46 and functions to instruct the wavelength setter 42 of the wavelength to be measured. Further, the display 48 displays the reflectance difference subtracted by the controller 46 together with the wavelength.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the wavelength selector 47 and the light guide 43. Reference numeral 41 represents the aforementioned light source, which uses, for example, a tungsten lamp. 42A is an input optical system, and a light source 41
Parallel light processing is applied to the light that enters from. 42B is a rotating disk, and this rotating disk 42B is provided with windows along the same circumference to which filters 42C, 42D, and 42E that pass only the wavelength to be measured are fixed, respectively. ．． ? A desired wavelength is obtained by rotating B and selecting a filter that is located at the optical axis position of the parallel light beam. 42F
d There is an optical system for output, which functions to transmit the light transmitted through the filter of the rotating disk 42B to the input end face of the light guide 43 for irradiation.

The rotating disk 42B in the wavelength selector 47 is not shown.
In addition to being configured to be rotationally driven by an F pulse motor, a position detector (not shown) can be located at a position corresponding to each filter, and a filter with a wavelength specified by a wavelength selector 47 is set in the optical path. It is now possible to do so.

In addition, the input end face of the light source 41, the input lens system 42, the output lens system 42F, and the laser beam irradiation light are optically coaxial. Furthermore, the light guide 43 has one end branched into two paths, and has a collecting end or a measuring end, and a hand piece 43A for manual operation is provided on the collecting end. , one of the branch ends is the lens system 4
2F, and the other is optically connected to the reflected light measuring device 44, which functions to transmit the light entering from the wavelength setting device 42 to the measuring object A via the handpiece 43k, and also to the measuring object A.
The reflected light that enters through the hand piece 43A is transmitted to the reflected light measuring device 44. Hand gear 4? A Id,
It has a built-in optical system (not shown) 1, and is structured so that the reflected light reflected by the object to be measured A can be efficiently transmitted to the light guide 43 on the reflected light output side.

Next, the operation of the present cargo having the above configuration will be explained. First, the operator attaches the hand piece 4 at the tip of the light guide 43.
Hold the 3k in your hand and press the button 45 by applying the tip side to the patient's normal skin adjacent to the abnormal skin. Then, the controller 46 instructs the wavelength selector 47 about the wavelength to be measured first, and sets the filter of the wavelength setter 42. Thereby, the light from the light source 41 is converted into light of a specific wavelength by the filter of the wavelength setting device 42, and is irradiated to normal skin through the light guide 43.

The reflected light from the normal skin is guided to a reflected light measuring device 44 through a light guide 43, where its intensity is measured and the value is recorded by a controller 46. Next, the controller 46 instructs the wavelength selector 47 about the next wavelength to be measured, and performs the above-described operation. In this way, the measurement for each wavelength is repeated one after another, and the measured values of the reflected light of all wavelengths to be measured are stored in the controller 46.

Next, the fourth controller places the hand piece 4.9A at the tip of the light guide 43 on the abnormal skin to be treated and presses the start button 4.
Press 5. Then, the same operation as described above is carried out, and the reflected light of the abnormal skin is measured by the reflected light measuring device 44, and the results are sent one after another to the controller 46, and the fiL! A measured value of the same wavelength is extracted from the memorized measured values of normal skin for each wavelength L/, and the difference between the measured value of abnormal skin and the measured value is calculated and sent to the display 48 along with the wavelength data. Hey
The difference value is displayed on the displays 4 and 8 together with the wavelength.

As a result, the operator can know the wavelength with the largest difference in reflection intensity displayed on the display 48, and can select the laser device closest to that wavelength, thereby expecting the highest therapeutic effect. Since the treatment can be performed efficiently, the patient's pain is kept to a minimum.

Although the above description is about selecting a laser device before treatment, if the same device is used after treatment, the status of the treatment can be regularly checked.

Effects [Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention includes a light source, a wavelength setter that selectively extracts light of a specified predetermined wavelength from among the light from the light source, and a wavelength setter that selectively extracts light of a specified predetermined wavelength from among the light from the light source. a light guide that guides the light reflected from the object while guiding it to the object to be measured; a measuring device that measures the intensity of the reflected light introduced from the light guide; and, upon receiving a command to start measurement, the wavelength setting device. The wavelengths to be selected are sequentially specified, and the measured values for each wavelength are obtained from the measuring device and stored, and when the reflected light intensity of all the wavelengths to be selected has been measured, the first operation is completed and the measurement is performed again. Upon receiving a start command, the controller executes the above operation and calculates the difference value for each wavelength from the measured value obtained the -th time and outputs it together with the wavelength data, and the controller outputs the wavelength data and operation. It consists of a display device that displays the initial value, and a light guide guides the light of each wavelength to the skin near the affected area and the skin of the affected area to measure the intensity of each reflected light. The difference in measured values for each wavelength is calculated and the results are displayed, so you can see the difference in reflection intensity for each wavelength, indicating that normal skin has less light absorption and abnormal skin 1 (affected area) has less light absorption. By knowing the wavelength with a large wavelength and using a laser device with a wavelength closest to this wavelength, it is possible to cauterize abnormal tissue while preserving normal tissue as much as possible, making it possible to treat the affected area efficiently and appropriately. It is possible to provide a spectrometer with excellent features such as.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of the laser treatment device;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the affected tissue of a pigmented nevus, Figure 3 (, ) is a diagram showing an example of the reflectance spectrum characteristics of a normal area, and Figure 3 (a) is a reflectance spectrum characteristic of a black nevus. A diagram showing an example, FIG. 3(c) is a diagram showing the reflectance spectrum difference between a normal area and a black nevus, which is obtained by subtracting FIG. 3(b) from FIG. 3(a), and FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a specific example of the wavelength setter 42 and light guide 43 shown in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Device power supply, IA... Cable, 2... Laser oscillator, 3... Connector, 4... Light guide part, 5...
... Connector, 6... Light emitting part, 21... Normal skin tissue, 22... Affected nevus, 23... Epidermis, 24...
・Dermis, 25... colored cells or colored substances, 41.
...Light source, 42...Wavelength setting device, 43...Light guide, 44...Reflectance measuring device, 45...Start button, 46...Controller, 47...Wavelength selector, 4
8... Display unit, 42k... Input optical system, 42B.
...Rotating disk, 42F...Output optical system, 42C, 4
2D, 42E...filter. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Cause (a) (b) Light C skin length 〇m] Figure 3 (c) Light paste skin length [μm]

Claims (1)

[Claims] A light source, a wavelength setter that selectively extracts light of a specified predetermined wavelength from the light from the light source, and a wavelength setting device that guides the selectively extracted light to the object to be measured and introduces reflected light from the object to be measured. A light guide, a measuring device that measures the intensity of the reflected light introduced by the light guide, and upon receiving a command to start measurement, sequentially specify the wavelength to be selected by the wavelength setting device, and The measurement device obtains and stores the measured values, and when the measurement of the reflected light intensity of all the wavelengths to be selected is completed, the first operation is completed, and when the instruction to start measurement is received again, the above operation is executed and each wavelength is A controller that calculates the value of the difference from the measured value obtained for each time and outputs it together with the wavelength data, and a display device that displays the wavelength data and the calculated value output by the controller. spectrometer.