JPS5912082B2 - Plant Boring Inhibition Composition - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a novel plant germination inhibiting composition.

Conventionally, potatoes, sweet potatoes, onions, etc. are known to sprout in a relatively short period of time during storage, losing their original taste and gradually becoming inedible.

Therefore, at present, potatoes and the like are immediately transported to a low-temperature storage warehouse where the temperature is maintained at a low temperature of about 2°C immediately after harvesting, and their sprouting is suppressed by storing them at low temperatures.

However, the above-mentioned method has the drawback that the installation of a cold storage requires significant cost and space.

In addition, it has recently been known that gamma ray irradiation can suppress the germination and sprouting of plants, but potatoes and the like are originally used for food, and gamma ray irradiation is not used in consideration of the effects on the human body. However, it is of little practical use.

In place of the above-mentioned current plant germination and budding suppression methods, the present invention provides a method that completely impairs the quality, taste, etc. of a target plant by simply attaching it to the epidermis of the target plant by simple means such as spraying or dipping. The object of the present invention is to provide a novel and useful composition that can prevent germination and sprouting for a long period of time without causing any problems.

That is, the present invention uses L+,) gin homopolymer with a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000, or (and) L-lysine with a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 and an L-alanine content of 50% by weight or less. The present invention relates to a plant germination inhibiting composition containing a copolymer with L-alanine as an active ingredient.

The composition of the present invention can be applied simply by adhering to the epidermis of plant seeds, bulbs, rhizomes, etc., and the active ingredients can be combined with -'J resin homopolymer or (and > L-!J resin L-alanine). The copolymer acts effectively to prevent the germination and budding of plants over a long period of time without impairing their taste, quality, etc.

In addition, such substances as po'JL-lysino constitute animal and plant proteins, consist of a single amino acid, and are harmless, and are not toxic to the human body at all.

Furthermore, the composition of the present invention can be easily removed by washing with water, and although it may penetrate into the epidermis of plants, it does not penetrate into the starchy layer, and therefore can be applied extremely safely to plants that are used for food. .

In the present invention, the copolymer of lysine and L-alanine used is one obtained by copolymerizing L-'J resin to 50% by weight, preferably 30% by weight of L-alanine in the copolymer. .

The I,-lysine homopolymer and the copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine used in the present invention are known compounds and can be produced by known peptide synthesis reactions.

For example, poly-L-lysine is used in Kujur and Ramen (A
, Kjaer, P.O., Larson)
Acta Chemi Power Scandinavian Power (ActaChemi
ca 5 candinavica) Volume 15, No. 750
(1961) J, and the copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine was prepared by the method described in Tani and Sanno [Synthetic Polymers Vol. 5, p. 11 (1971) Breakfast Bookstore". It can be manufactured according to

The molecular weight of the L-'J gin homopolymer and the copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine is 50,000 to 500,000.

If the molecular weight is too small, sufficient germination and sprouting inhibiting effects cannot be expected, and if the molecular weight is too high, it is difficult to manufacture and has a high viscosity, making it difficult to use.

Conventionally, PoIJ-L-'J resin is known to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of animal cancer cells, but L IJ resin L
-There are no examples of applying the poly-LIJ gin to plants, let alone copolymers with alanine.

The present inventors discovered for the first time that when these are applied to plants, their germination and sprouting can be suppressed.

The mechanism by which 2-lysine homopolymer and the copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine inhibit plant germination and sprouting is currently unclear, but po-IJ-L-IJ gin is present in the cell nucleus. Since it is contained in particularly large amounts in histones, which are existing basic proteins, administration of poly-L-lysine can
This is thought to be due to an increase in histone content in the cell nucleus, binding of deoxyribonucleic acid and histones, and inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis using deoxyribonucleic acid as a template.

The composition of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving or dispersing the above-mentioned L to lysine homopolymer or (and) copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine in water, a water-alcohol mixture, a water-acetone mixture, etc., to obtain an aqueous solution. Or used in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

The composition can be applied not only to potatoes but also to seeds, corms, scales, rhizomes, etc. of various plants, and inhibits their germination or sprouting. In particular, when applied to carrots, onions, garlic, etc., This has the advantage that it is possible to suppress and prevent bolt bolting, and to further improve storage performance.

The concentration of the above aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion varies slightly depending on the type of plant to which it is applied, treatment time, desired suppression period, etc., but it should normally contain about 10 to 11,000 pp of active ingredients.

Treatment of plants with the aqueous solution, etc. may generally be carried out by appropriate means such as spraying the aqueous solution, etc. on the dormant or pre-sprouted plant, or immersing the plant in the aqueous solution. In order to make the active ingredients in the aqueous solution adhere more uniformly and better to the epidermis of the plant, it is also possible to add an appropriate surfactant, spreading agent, adhesive, etc. to the aqueous solution.

Examples will be given below to explain the present invention in more detail.

Example I Poly-L-lysine (molecular weight approximately 100,000) prepared in advance from L-lysine and silica-L-alanine copolymer obtained by polymerizing L-lysine and L-alanine at a ratio of 7:3 A predetermined amount of the compound (molecular weight approximately 150,000) was dissolved in distilled water to prepare the composition of the present invention as shown in Table 1 below in the form of an aqueous solution.

Next, the seeds of the medicinal plant Bupleurum falcatum L, collected from its natural habitat, were immersed for 24 hours at room temperature in each of the aqueous solutions of the compositions of the present invention listed in Table 1 above and in distilled water for comparison. Fifty pieces of each were placed on a petri dish lined with paper, covered, and left at room temperature, and the germination status was observed for 30 days.

The results are shown in Table 2 below.

The numerical values in Table 2 are the average values of germination rates (%) obtained by repeating the test five times.

From Table 2 above, it can be seen that the treatment with the composition of the present invention can suppress the germination rate of the seeds of Mishimasaiko to about 1/3 30 days after the start of the test compared to the non-treatment.

Example 2 1100 pp of poly L-lysine (molecular weight approximately 100,000),
Aqueous solutions of the composition of the present invention containing 500 ppm and 1000 ppm, respectively, were prepared.

Into each of these aqueous solutions, 20 mature individuals of each of the three types of potatoes (Norin No. 1, Shimabara, and Danshiyaku) harvested in early June, each weighing approximately 401 kg, were washed with water, air-dried, and then dried for 2 to 5 days.
The seeds were soaked for a minute, then left in a dark room at about 22°C, and the germination status of each was observed.

Germination was determined when dormancy ended when 50% of sprouts with a bud length of 0.5 cIrL appeared on the surface of the potato, the number of days until the end of dormancy was counted, and the sprout suppression effect was expressed by the length of the period.

The results obtained for the three types of potatoes are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3 shows the results of using distilled water instead of the composition of the present invention as a control.

Moreover, each result is displayed as the average value of the results obtained for 20 potatoes.

From Table 3 above, the composition of the present invention has an active ingredient concentration of 100.
At both 500 and 1000 ppm, and regardless of the quality of each of the three types of potatoes, the dormancy period of each type of potato could continue for about 3 to 4 months after the normal dormancy period release period.

Moreover, no abnormality was observed in the quality of each potato after the above experiment was completed.

Example 3 In Example 3 above, instead of poly L-lysine, a 7=3 copolymer of L-lysine and L-alanine (molecular weight approximately 15
10,000) was prepared to a similar concentration and used in the same test.

The results obtained are shown in Table 4 below.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 L-IJ resin homopolymer with a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 or (and) a combination of lysine and L-alanine with a molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 and an L-alanine content of 50% by weight or less A plant germination inhibiting composition characterized by containing a copolymer as an active ingredient.