JPS591179Y2 - solar water heater - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a solar water heater, in particular, forcibly circulating a heat collection medium in a closed heat collection circuit including a heat collector, a heat exchanger, and a heat collection pump, and The present invention relates to a solar water heater that can forcibly supply hot water in a heat storage layer inside to a place where there is demand.

Traditionally, solar water heaters have been divided into two types: the so-called sump type, which is a device that integrates a heat collector and a heat storage layer, and the natural convection type, which stores heat through natural convection by installing a heat storage layer at a higher position than the heat collector. is common.

These solar water heaters are mainly installed on the roof of a single-family house, and hot water is supplied by using the difference in head.

In recent years, solar water heaters have become increasingly popular as an energy-saving measure, but the installation method described above has only allowed solar water heaters to be provided to a limited number of residences.

That is, as mentioned above, when supplying hot water to a place that requires it, the difference in head is used, so if the difference in head cannot be taken, hot water cannot be supplied.

The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above, to provide a solar water heater that can supply hot water to any location where it is needed, and that is safe and highly reliable.

This invention is a heat collector to achieve the above purpose.

A heat collection circuit in which a heat collection medium circulates in a closed circuit including a heat exchanger and a heat collection pump, and hot water in a heat storage layer in which the heat exchanger is disposed inside is delivered to a demand location by a pressurizing pump. a supply circuit, first and second hot water sensors that detect the temperature of the heat collection medium at each outlet of the heat collector and the heat exchanger, and a third temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage layer. a first and a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the heat collecting circuit and the supply circuit; a display means for notifying the abnormal state of each part of the apparatus; and operating the heat collecting pump when the difference signal of the second temperature sensor exceeds the first reference value, and outputs the temperature display signal when the third temperature sensor exceeds the second reference value. At the same time, when the first pressure sensor is below a certain pressure, an abnormality notification signal is outputted, and the pressure pump The control circuit is configured to include a control circuit that operates the control circuit.

An embodiment of this invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the solar water heater according to this invention.

As shown in this figure, the heat collector 1 converts sunlight into thermal energy and transmits the heat energy to a heat collecting medium flowing inside the heat collector 1.

This heat collector 1 has one end connected to one end of a heat exchanger 5 via an inflow pipe 4 equipped with a heat collection pump 2 and an expansion tank 3 so that a heat collection medium in a low temperature state flows into the heat collector 1. A closed circuit is formed in which the other end is connected to the other end of the heat exchanger 5 via an outflow pipe 6 so that the heated heat collecting medium flows out, and the heat collecting medium circulates in this closed circuit. A heat collecting circuit is constructed using the following.

This heat exchanger 5 is arranged in a heat storage tank 7, and the heated heat collecting medium flowing into the heat exchanger 5 from the outflow pipe 6 is
The thermal energy is transferred to water 8 as a heat storage medium, the temperature of which is lowered, and the water flows into the inlet pipe 4.

This water 8 is supplied to the heat storage tank 7 via a supply pipe 9 and a ball tap 10, and the high-temperature water 8 that has been supplied with thermal energy from the heat exchanger 5 is
A pressurizing pump 11 and an expansion tank 1 are installed from the upper part of the heat storage tank 7.
The supply circuit is constructed such that the heat is supplied to the heat demand location via the supply pipe 13 provided with the heat supply pipe 13.

However, the reason for such a heat collection circuit (closed circuit) is to prevent freezing and because the supply circuit is open to the atmosphere, and the heat collection medium circulating in the heat collection circuit is oil, oil,
Antifreeze is used.

Further, the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting circuit is sealed at a constant pressure so as not to suck air from outside the circuit even if its volume changes depending on the temperature.

For this reason, the expansion tank 3 is provided to absorb volume fluctuations due to temperature changes.

The heat collecting pump 2 is driven by an electric motor 14, which is connected to a first temperature sensor 15 for detecting the temperature of the heat collecting medium at the outlet of the heat collector 1 and an outlet of the heat storage tank 7. 43 to detect the temperature of the heat collecting medium at
The temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor 16 is taken into the control circuit 17, and the operation of the electric motor 14 is controlled based on whether the difference signal between these signals exceeds a predetermined first reference value v1. It has become.

Further, the third temperature sensor detects the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage layer 10, and the temperature detection signal from this temperature sensor 18 is taken into the control circuit 17 and compared with the second reference value 2. - Then, the comparison result is displayed on the display device 19.

On the other hand, the first
The pressure sensor 20 detects the pressure of the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting circuit, and is turned on when the pressure in the heat collecting circuit becomes below a certain value.

The detection signal of this pressure sensor 3 is taken into the control circuit 17, and when the detection signal is on, an alarm is displayed via the display device 19, and the heat collection pump 2 and pressure pump 1
I am now unable to drive.

Furthermore, a second pressure sensor 21 for controlling the operation of the pressure pump 11 in the supply circuit is provided in the expansion tank 12, and when the pressure in the expansion tank 12 drops below a certain value, the pressure sensor 21 It is designed to output a command signal to operate the motor.

The detection signal of this pressure sensor 21 is taken into a control circuit 17, and this control circuit 17 receives the detection signal of the first pressure sensor 20 and the second pressure sensor 21.
A logical product is calculated with the detection signal of , and the operation of the pressurizing pump 11 can be controlled based on the result of the logical product.

Note that G is an AC power source.

FIG. 2 is an electrical circuit diagram showing the control circuit 9 display device and electric motor.

As shown in this figure, the first and second temperature sensors 15 and 16 are connected in series between the power supply voltage E1 and the ground, and the connection point is connected to the operational amplifier OP through the resistor R1. connected to the positive input terminal, and the operational amplifier O
A series circuit of resistors R3, R, is connected between the voltage E1 and ground so that the first reference voltage V1 is supplied to the negative input terminal of P1, and the connection point of the resistors R3, R4 is connected to the resistor. R
It is connected via 2.

Further, the operational amplifier OP1 has a comparator configuration with a resistor R1 connected between the positive round power terminal and the output terminal.

The output terminal of this amplifier OP1 is connected to the base of the transistor Tr1.

A voltage E2 is supplied to the collector of the transistor Tr1 via the coil of the relay Rp1.

Note that the diode D1 connected in parallel to the coil of the relay Rp1 is for absorbing reverse voltage.

The series circuit of the third temperature sensor 18 and the variable resistor VR is
It is provided between voltage E1 and ground, and its connection point is connected to the positive input terminal of operational amplifier OP2 via resistor R6.

A series circuit of resistors R7 and R8 is provided between voltage E1 and ground, so that a second reference value 2 can be obtained from the connection point of resistors R7 and R8.

This second reference value (2) is input to the operational amplifier O
It is designed to be supplied to the negative input terminal of P2.

This operational amplifier OP2 has its positive input terminal, output terminal, and output terminal connected through a resistor RIO to form a comparator.

The output terminal of this amplifier OP2 is connected to the base of a nitrogen follower transistor Tr2 via a resistor R11.

The collector of the transistor Tr2 is connected to the voltage E2 via a resistor R12, and the transistor Tr2's collector is connected to the temperature display lamp L of the display device 19.

It is grounded via 1.

, on the other hand, the first pressure sensor 20 is connected in series with the relay R92 and connected between the power source E2 and the ground 1.
When the contact rp2+ of R1)2 is turned on, it supplies the voltage E2 to the alarm buzzer BZ and alarm lamp LE of the display device 19 to issue an alarm.

Note that D2 is a reverse voltage absorption diode. Further, symbol G indicates an AC power supply, a DC power supply PS, electric motors 14 and 2
It is now possible to supply power to 2.

Here, the DC power supply PS has terminals for voltages E1 and R2.

Further, the electric motor 14 is provided with a lower fuse S1 and a relay contact rp1 in a closed circuit with the AC power supply, and the electric motor 22 is equipped with a relay contact RL) 23 and a relay contact RP1 that operate based on a signal from the first pressure sensor. It operates by calculating the logical product of the second pressure sensor 21.

Of course, the circuit of the electric motor 22 includes a fuse FS2.
Insert.

The operation of the embodiment of this invention constructed as above will be explained.

The signal of the resistance bridge BG1 including the temperature sensors 15 and 16 is input to the operational amplifier OP, which operates as a comparator.
Power amplification transistor T driving output relay R1)1
r, is input.

The contact rp1 of the output relay RI) serves as a signal for feeding the commercial power supply G to the electric motor 14 that drives the heat collection pump 2.

The resistance bridge BG2 including the temperature sensor 18 supplies an input signal to the operational amplifier OP2 to operate as a comparator, thereby driving the display drive transistor Tr2 and causing the temperature display lamp LT+ to emit light.

Relay Rp2 is always energized via the normally closed contact of pressure switch 14.

A driving power source E2 is supplied to the alarm buzzer BZ and the alarm lamp LE through the normally closed contact rp2 of this relay.

Another contact rl) 22 is inserted into the commercial power circuit in series with the pressure detector 21 installed near the electric motor 22 that drives the pressurizing pump 11, and serves as a power supply signal for the electric motor 22.

That is, when a leak occurs in the heat collection circuit, the pressure decreases, and the alarm buzzer BZ emits an alarm sound and the alarm lamp LE emits an alarm light to stop the pressurizing pump 11 and notify the user of the abnormality.

Temperature display lamp LTI, alarm buzzer BZ, alarm lamp L
E is usually installed indoors, and informs the user of the necessity of auxiliary combustion, and also informs the user of leakage of the heat collection medium in the heat collection circuit.

With this configuration, the heat collection circuit and the heat storage layer may be on the same plane or the heat collection circuit may be located higher than the heat storage layer, and the heat storage layer may be used even if the heat storage layer is located at a lower height than the hot water outlet.

It is an essential device for solar water heaters and is extremely safe and easy to use.

Therefore, if this invention is used, in addition to the water heaters that have become popular only in limited buildings, it will also be possible to provide water heaters not only in apartment buildings but also in the gardens of houses where the roof load is small.

As described above, according to this invention, it is possible to install a solar water heater regardless of the hot water demand location or the installation location of the heat storage layer and heat collection circuit, and it is also possible to install a solar water heater in a safe and reliable manner. It has the effect of being able to provide two things.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an electric circuit portion of the same embodiment. 1... Heat collector, 2... Heat collection pump, 5
... Heat exchanger, 7 ... Heat storage layer, 11.
... Pressure pump, 15 ... First temperature sensor, 16 ... Second temperature sensor, 17 ...
...control circuit, 18...third temperature sensor,
19... Alarm device, 20... First pressure sensor, 21... Second pressure sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A heat collection circuit in which a heat collection medium circulates in a closed circuit including a heat collector, a heat exchanger, and a heat collection pump, and a pressurizing pump for pumping hot water in a heat storage layer in which the heat exchanger is disposed inside. a supply circuit for supplying to a demand place by the heat exchanger, first and second temperature sensors that detect the temperature of the heat collection medium at each outlet of the heat collector and the heat exchanger, and a first and second temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage layer. 3
a temperature sensor, first and second pressure sensors for detecting the pressure of the heat collecting circuit and the supply circuit, a display means for notifying the abnormal state of each part of the device, and receiving detection signals from each of the sensors; , the heat collection pump is operated when the difference signal between the first and second temperature sensors exceeds the first reference value, and the temperature is controlled when the third temperature sensor exceeds the second reference value. It outputs a display signal and also outputs an abnormality notification signal when the first pressure sensor is below a certain pressure, and the A solar water heater that includes a control circuit that operates a pressure pump.