JPS59110508A - Rotary tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure the cutting performance and effect of a rotary tool as almost equal to that in case of a helical cutter, by simplifying its regrinding and assembling. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical surface, which makes contour of a cutting edge a leading line, is given to a rake face, and in time of regrinding the cutting edge, a right contour for the cutting edge will come in sight at all times if a parallel flank is merely ground. In time of assembling upon being reground, the flank is moved parallelly as deep as for a portion of the depth reground while holding down the axial movement toward a cutting tool 10, and the flank is pressed to an opposite contact plane part 14 at the side of a planer barrel. A backside 9 of the rake face turns to a tool reference plane in time of finishing a flank 8 (elliptic cylindrical surface). Likewise the backside of the flank turns to the tool reference plane in time of grinding the flank as well.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention rotates a cutting edge with a two-dimensional contour to create a flat surface.

This relates to a rotary tool for machining cylindrical surfaces, rotating surfaces, etc., and its purpose is to realize machining with less noise and vibration by using cutting edges that are easy to re-grind and assemble.

Although the present invention can be applied to tools such as planing machines, electric planers, and milling machines, it is especially important to apply it to woodworking planing machines for flat plate processing, so the embodiment will first be described using this case as an example.

It is said that using a helical blade is effective for smooth cutting and reducing noise on a planer.
Not only is it difficult and expensive to manufacture the blade, but regrinding the blade requires special equipment, technology, and time, making it expensive, making it unpopular in the field, and preventing its widespread use.

The present invention eliminates this drawback and provides a rotary tool that is easy to regrind and assemble, and which provides performance and effectiveness substantially similar to that of a helical blade.

Now, the cutting edge of a rotary planer that cuts a flat surface draws a cylindrical surface.

In FIG. 1, both end surfaces 1 and 2 of a rotary planer 100 are shown.
The circles where the axes 01 and 02, the cylindrical surface 3 (radius R) drawn by the L1 cutting edge, and the end surfaces 1 and 2 intersect are 10 and 20, respectively.

Vertical plane 4 including axis 0102 and end ports 10 and 20
Of the intersections with , the one closer to the cutter 101 is defined as vI and V2, respectively. Dots and A on end ports 10 and 20
Let β be the angle formed by the vertical plane 5 passing through 2 and the vertical plane 4. Vertical plane 5 and end faces 1 and 2 and H,
f: Shi0. Oyohi O, Cal”: + A + H + Oyo U
A, HJr 1 - foot of the perpendicular line, 0.0. and H,H
, the angle between them is β.

Assuming that Ogi, Ageo te-3, and Mr. 2 and Dogouki, the line era 1 and A2Gt are parallel, one plane 6 containing both lines is determined. The intersection line 7 between this plane 6 and the cylindrical surface 3 drawn by the cutting edge forms an elliptical arc. This elliptical arc 7 is the contour of the cutting edge of the cutter 101, the plane 6 is the flank of the cutting edge, and the elliptical arc 7 is the conductor surface 8 (its generatrix is parallel to A, H).
Consider a knife with a rake face of 0.0. The cutting edge draws a cylindrical surface when rotated around the same time, so if a relative linear feed motion is applied between the plate material in contact with this and the tool axis, it is possible to cut the correct plane, and the cutting situation is similar to that of a helical blade. Become something. However, the rake angle perpendicular to the axis is the end face 1 o/bo C hole sin α1-□, tooth α2 =] 02Hz = Or H++ W tan β Therefore α2>
α! Therefore, the rake angle α changes along the cutting edge, and there is a drawback that the rake angle cannot be kept constant like a helical blade. It is not necessary to keep the rake angle α perpendicular to the cutting axis constant, and it is acceptable as long as it is within a practically allowable range. Therefore, the axis-perpendicular clearance angles δ1 and δ at end faces 1 and 2.

is δ, = 90°−r −α, δ2=9
0° − γ − α2 (2), the clearance angle δ also changes along the cutting edge. α and α2 must be determined by taking into account the value of the clearance angle. In general, the cutting force is The larger the angle, the smaller the cutting edge angle, and the larger the relief angle, the smaller the cutting edge angle.

Since the rake face has a cylindrical surface that is equilineal to the contour of the cutting edge, when re-grinding the cutting edge, the correct contour of the cutting edge will always appear just by sharpening the flat flank surface. When assembling the knife to the planer body, make sure that the cutting edge is in the correct position.
The back surface 9 of the rake face is a plane parallel to the generatrix of the rake face 8, and in order to touch the opposing flat surface 9' on the side of the planer body and to set the height of the cutting edge correctly, set it close to the end of the flank. A tangent plane part 14 that is in close contact with each other in parallel is provided on the plane body side, and when assembling after re-grinding, the flank surface 6 is moved in parallel by the depth of re-grinding while suppressing the movement of the cutter 101 in the axial direction. Press the surface 6 against the opposing flat surface No. 14 on the plane body side. The back surface 9 of the rake face is the rake face 8 (elliptic cylindrical surface)
It also serves as a reference surface when finishing. In addition, since the back surface of the flank (bottom surface 11 of the cutter) is used as a reference surface when grinding the flank 6, it is preferable to make it a plane perpendicular to the generatrix of the rake face (a horizontal plane in the figure). Then, the cross section of the cutter will be quadrilaterals A, B, C, D and A, B on both end faces 1 and 2, respectively.
2C.

Dt, at any location, becomes a quadrilateral ABCD.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the cutter including the center line of the screw 13 that fixes the cutter, and 12 is a chip reservoir.

Now consider a cross section perpendicular to the axis including an arbitrary point A of the cutting edge outline 71:, and let G be the foot of the perpendicular line drawn from the axis O to the intersection line AG with the flank 6, and AH/A, H, Then, OA2R, (
OAH=α=rake angle, <:HAG=γ=cutting angle, 90
°−α−r=δ−relief angle. Fig. 2 (Here, if the angle formed by the self and the face is β', and the plane is ξ, 6 - η, then the part G, = R51n (α1 + γ), O = G = = R
sin (α2+γ)OG = Rsin (α juice γ)
+ξ−β′ Therefore 0=G−= Rstn (α1+γ)
+w−β′ This results in −β′−” (sin (α2+
r) sin ('χ・10γ))△OGA, η-Rhi(Rstn(α,+γ)1ξtanβ'F point A
The coordinates of are in the illustrated coordinate system (XXY,,Z), where the X axis:
'0. -)H.

Y-axis: 0. -+0→02 Z-axis: OI-+v1 If expressed as represents a cross section.

If the flank of the blade is flat and the back side is also flat, you can use an appropriate jig to line up multiple blades on the table of a surface grinder so that their flanks are on one plane and process them simultaneously, allowing you to quickly change the dimensions. You can re-sharpen knives that have been stored on the shelf.

If a wide tool is required, tools with a rake angle within the limit may be used in tandem.

However, it is best to use the shape shown in Figure 6, with the blades partially overlapping at the guard and connecting points to avoid any unevenness. In this figure, a tool 100 (cutting tool 1
01.102, ......) and tool 20
0 (with cutlery 201, 202, ......) is a schematic plan view showing the joining of two tools.
An example in which the clutch teeth are shaped as shown in Fig. 5 is shown.

In order to eliminate the thrust that occurs during cutting due to the inclination of JJltl, tools with opposite inclination directions may be used in combination as shown in FIG.

If the machined surface is not a flat surface but a cylindrical surface, the rotating surface that has an axial cross-sectional shape that is common to the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the generatrix of the cylindrical surface will curve +f + i G curved by the cutting blade, and the tool rotation axis On the other hand, a tool with an inclined plane as the relief surface, a curved line of the cut that cuts the rotating surface drawn by the cutting blade on the relief curved plane as the outline of the cutting blade, and a cylindrical surface as the rake face with that outline as the conductor is used to cut the required amount. Cutting curved surfaces is a breeze.

In the present invention, if the rotational feed is divided into parts of the workpiece, machining of the rotating surface becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the principle of the present invention, showing the case where the generatrix of the rake face of one cutter is vertical, and Fig. 2 shows a part of Fig. 1 including parts o, o, a, and a2. Fig. 3 is a front view of one tool, Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 5 is a part of a cross section perpendicular to the tool rotation axis, showing the tool in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing how to join together when tools with the same direction of blade inclination are used in tandem; This shows the case of combination.The main symbols used for these are as shown in 1.・Cuttle 201.202 that makes up 100,...Blade 301.302 that makes up 200,...Blade 1.2 that makes up 300... Both ends of the tool 100 (shown in front view) 3 . . . Cylindrical surface drawn by the cutting edge 4 . . . Vertical plane 5 containing the tool rotation axis ...... Vertical plane 6 including both ends of the cutter 101 ...... Plane 7 including the flank surface of the cutter 101 ...... Cutting edge contour of the cutter 101 8 ..... Rake face (elliptical cylindrical surface) of the cutter 101 9 ..... Back plane 9' of the rake surface of the cutter 101 ...Flat 1r1110.20 of the flat body that is in contact with 9... Cutting edge circle 11 of the end surface 1.2 ... ... Bottom surface 12 of the cutter 101 ...
...... Chip reservoir 13 ...... Blade fixing bolt 14 ...
・・・・・・Contact plan view of the solid body side against which the end of the flank is pressed 15 ・・・・・・・・・・・・ Kundem joint part λ of the tool
Figure b Figure Y7 Prison procedure amendment (method) % formula % 1. Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 218450 2. Title of the invention Rotation←Tool 3. Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Patent applicant 4. Agent Address Name 5 Date of amendment order March 9, 1982 6 Subject of amendment

Claims (1)

[Claims] The contour of the cutting edge is the intersection of the rotational plane drawn by the cutting edge as the tool rotates and a plane inclined to the axis of rotation, the plane is the flank of the cutting edge, and the cylindrical surface with this contour as the conducting wire is defined as the contour of the cutting edge. A rotary tool characterized by having a cutting edge serving as a rake surface.