JPS59102454A - Beater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention mainly relates to a crusher for roughly crushing asphalt waste.

Asphalt pavement waste recycling systems generally require the first
The process goes through the steps shown in the block diagram in the figure, and coarse crushing is one of the important steps in the regeneration system. The machine most commonly used for this coarse crushing at present is the single toggle jaw crusher shown in Figure 2. This single toggle jaw crusher has the advantage of being small in mechanical size despite the large size of the supply port 1, and having a simple and inexpensive mechanism, which is why it is widely used.

On the other hand, the waste material generated during asphalt road excavation contains many large lumps that are flat and over several hundred millimeters in size, but the amount of waste material generated is not that large (taking into account the effective distance to transport the waste material, it is necessary to The amount that can be collected by a single toggle jaw crusher is at most the amount that can be processed by a 100 t/h facility.) Therefore, the processing capacity of a single toggle jaw crusher was sufficient.

However, the single toggle jaw crusher currently in use is a standard type for coarse or medium crushing of rocks and ores; A single toggle jaw crusher has teeth 4 in which the peaks and valleys face each other as shown in FIG. Since this is a single toggle jaw crusher with a combination of opposing peaks and valleys, there are the following problems.

l) The asphalt mass 2 becomes more sticky in summer, but the push teeth 4
Due to the compression effect, it is pressed against the receiving tooth 3 side and adheres to it, making it impossible to eject it.

2) The flat asphalt lump 2, which is thinner than the gap C of the outlet 5 when the pusher teeth 4 are closed, is not subjected to the compressive crushing action and passes through as is.

In particular, item 1) is an important issue, and in general, exit 5
Even if the gap C was 50 to 60 mm, it could not be discharged at all during the summer, and even if the gap C was expanded to about 100 mm, it would sometimes stick, resulting in a decrease in the average capacity of the regeneration equipment.

The waveform on the receiving tooth 3 side has a major influence on this, and to explain this situation with a diagram, the waveform on the receiving tooth 3 is shown in Figure 4 a.
As shown in Figure 4b, when the peaks and valleys of an equilateral triangle are continuous, the adhesion length in the horizontal section is approximately twice the width L of the asphalt mass 2, and the waveform of the receiving tooth 3 is half as shown in Figure 4b. When the peaks and valleys of the circle are continuous, the adhesion length in the horizontal section is approximately 1.57 times the width L of the asphalt mass 2.

Therefore, the adhesion force (adhesion force per unit area x adhesion area) was large relative to the weight of the asphalt lump 2, and adhesion occurred.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem of adhesion of asphalt lumps 2, a) change from the compression crushing method to another crushing method that does not cause adhesion.

口) Take measures to reduce the adhesion force.

It is necessary.

On the other hand, in order to solve the above-mentioned 2) problem of the asphalt mass 2 passing through, a) change from the compression crushing method to another crushing method and create a structure that does not allow the asphalt mass to pass through.

Mouth) Consider the shape of the crushing chamber and create a structure that eliminates passing through.

It is necessary.

The present invention focuses on this need and as a result of research to develop a coarse crusher that can satisfy this need, the present invention has been developed to meet the above-mentioned 1.
We have obtained a crusher that can solve the problems in items 2) and 2).

The crushing machine of the present invention has a
A rotor having different numbers of crushing teeth alternately provided in the axial direction is rotatably supported, and facing the rotor, the lower half is formed into a comb-like shape so that the tips of the crushing teeth can enter. A crushing plate is provided with crushing teeth projecting in front of the lower end of each comb tooth, which faces approximately parallel to the crushing surface when the crushing teeth of the rotor are horizontal, and the upper end is tilted toward the rotor. The crushing plate is pivotally supported above the other side inside the casing, and the rear surface of the lower end of the crushing plate is supported on the casing by a rod interposed with a spring.

An embodiment of the crusher according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. 10 is a casing with an open top and bottom;
The upper half of the left side wall 10a is bent inwardly into a square shape, and the right side wall 10b is vertical. A rotor 11 is supported by a rotating shaft 12 slightly below the left side inside the casing 10, and the rotating shaft 12 is connected to an electric motor 14 via a reducer 13 outside the casing 10. The rotor 11 has three crushing teeth 15 provided at equal angular intervals on the outer circumference between both ends and the middle, two crushing teeth 15 symmetrically provided on the outer circumference between both ends and the middle, and three crushing teeth 15 disposed symmetrically on the outer circumference between both ends and the middle. The crushing tooth 15 and two crushing teeth 15 are angularly offset in the axial direction. Each crushing tooth 15 has a substantially triangular side surface, and a tip edge 15a is an arcuate surface centered on the axis of the rotating shaft 12. A crushing plate 16 is provided on the right side inside the casing 10 facing the rotor 11, and its upper end is supported by a shaft 17 at the upper right end of the casing 10 and is inclined toward the rotor 11. A shaft support 18 is provided on the rear surface of the lower end of the plate 16, and the base end of a rod 19 is connected to this with a pin 20. The rod 19 passes through a guide pipe 21 provided at the lower part of the right side wall 10b of the casing 10, and the middle of the rod 19 is attached to a flange 21a at the outer end of the guide pipe 21 with an adjuster bolt 22.
A spring 24 with receiving plates 23 arranged at both ends is fitted on the outer circumference of the rod 19 from the adjuster bolt 22 to the tip, and a nut 25 is fitted on the tip of the rod 19.
are screwed, and the lower end of the crushing plate 16 is supported by the lower part of the right side wall 10b of the casing 10. The lower half of the crushing plate 16 has a comb-like shape so that the tips of the crushing teeth 15 can enter therein, and when the crushing teeth 15 become horizontal when the rotor 16 rotates, the crushing teeth 15 are placed in front of the lower end of each comb tooth 26. A crushing tooth 27 having a crushing surface B facing substantially parallel to the crushing surface C is provided in a protruding manner.

The angle α formed between the front surface A of the crushing plate 16 and the crushing surface C of the crushing tooth 15 when the crushing tooth 15 is positioned vertically is 33~
44° is preferred. This is asphalt lump and crushed tooth 1
5. This is determined from the coefficient of friction μ between the crushing plate 16 and 0.3 to 0.4, since crushing starts from this position.

If the angle α is too large, the asphalt will not be crushed at this position, but will slip and the asphalt lump will escape. If the angle α is too small, the tip of the crushing tooth 15 and the crushing plate 16 opposite thereto will
The horizontal distance a from the crushing teeth 15 becomes too small, and it is necessary to lengthen the crushing surface C of the crushing teeth 15 in order to bite large chunks, but this would result in the crushing length being too long at one time, and the required power This is not a good idea as it increases the amount of force and causes large fluctuations in power depending on the size of the biting mass. Therefore, in this crusher, taking these points into account, α=33 to 44°, and the length of the crushing surface C of the crushing tooth 15 is determined by the radius from the center of the rotating shaft 12 to the tip of the crushing tooth 15. It is best to set it to about 1/2 of that.

The most efficient way to asphalt is to make the crushing surface B of the crushing teeth 27 of the crushing plate 16 and the crushing surface C of the crushing teeth 15 of the rotor 11 located horizontally face each other substantially in parallel. This is because the crushing is mainly done by shearing and bending the lump.
In addition, the distance b between both crushing surfaces BC in this state and the crushing surface B
The distance c between the tip of the rotor 16 and the outer surface of the rotor 16 is set to be slightly smaller than the minimum thickness of the asphalt lump to be touched, to prevent the flat plate-shaped asphalt lump from passing through.

Next, the operation of crushing asphalt lumps by the crusher of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained.

The electric motor 14 is driven to rotate the rotor 11 at a relatively low circumferential speed (1 m/s or less) via the reducer 13, and the casing 1
When a flat plate-shaped asphalt lump is introduced through the upper opening of the rotor 11, the asphalt lump is all caught between the crushing teeth 15 of the rotor 11 and the crushing plate 16, and is mainly sheared and bent without passing through. Under the crushing action, the crushed asphalt mass passes through the comb teeth gap of the crushing plate 16 and is discharged from the lower end opening of the caning 10.

As mentioned above, when passing through the gaps between the comb teeth of the crushing plate 16, the asphalt lumps that have become more sticky during the summer months are likely to adhere, but this is crushed by the crushing teeth 15 rotating at a low speed and is pushed in one after another. Because it is pushed out and discharged by the coming asphalt mass, there is no adhesion at all.

In addition, when excavating an asphalt road, unbreakable foreign substances such as iron pieces get mixed into the asphalt lump, and when this is fed into the crusher and gets caught between the crushing teeth 15 and the crushing plate 16, the crushing plate 16 pivots backward using the shaft 11 as a fulcrum against a spring 24 interposed in a rod 19 pin-coupled to the rear surface of its lower end. The crushing plate 16 passes between the two without damaging the plate 16, and after passing, the crushing plate 16 swings forward due to the restoring force of the spring 24 and returns to its original position.

As can be seen from the above explanation, according to the crusher of the present invention, the flat asphalt lumps introduced are opposed to a rotor rotating at low speed and having different numbers of crushing teeth alternately provided in the axial direction. The rotor's crushing teeth are disposed obliquely, and the lower half is shaped like a comb, and protruding crushing teeth are provided in front of the lower end of each comb tooth, so that when the crushing teeth of the rotor are horizontal, their crushing surfaces face approximately parallel to each other. It is caught between the crushing plates and is subjected to crushing action mainly by shearing and bending without passing through, so efficient rough crushing is performed and discharged, and asphalt that has become more sticky in the summer The lumps are crushed by the crushing teeth, and are pushed out and discharged by the asphalt lumps that are pushed in sequentially, so they do not stick together at all.Furthermore, if there are foreign substances that cannot be crushed, such as iron pieces, the lower end of the crushing plate Since the rear surface of the crushing plate is supported by the casing by a spring-inserted iron, the crushing plate swings backward against the spring, so there are excellent effects such as no damage to the machine.

In addition, the crusher of the present invention has very little vibration (with the crusher under load ≒65 dB, with the single toggle jaw crusher under load ≒90 dB) and has low noise. It is. Therefore, it can be said that it is an extremely suitable machine for rough crushing in asphalt pavement waste recycling equipment, which is often installed in urban areas where noise regulations are generally strict.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the asphalt pavement waste recycling system, Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a single toggle jaw crusher, and Figure 3a shows a combination of a standard receiving tooth and pushing tooth of a single toggle jaw crusher. Horizontal sectional view, Figure b
4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the combination of an improved receiving tooth and a pushing tooth.
Figure a is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state in which asphalt lumps are attached to a corrugated receiving tooth with continuous peaks and valleys close to an equilateral triangle, and figure b
Figure 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state in which asphalt lumps are attached to a corrugated bearing tooth with continuous semicircular peaks and valleys, Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the crusher according to the present invention, and the younger brother Figure 6 is its flat curved view. be. 10...Casing 11...Rotor 15...
Crushing teeth 16... Crushing plate 19... Rod 24
...Spring 26...Comb teeth of crushing plate 27...
・Kushiji's crushing teeth

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotor having different numbers of crushing teeth arranged alternately in the axial direction is rotatably supported on one side of the casing, which is open up and down. A crushing plate is provided in a comb-like shape so that the rotor can enter, and protruding crushing teeth facing approximately parallel to the crushing surface when the crushing teeth of the rotor are horizontal when the crushing teeth of the rotor are horizontal. , a crusher in which the rotor is inclined toward the rotor side and its upper end is pivotally supported above the other side inside the casing, and the lower end rear surface of the crushing plate is supported on the casing by a rod interposed with a spring.