JPS588110B2 - Jiyouongatadenchi - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Room-temperature batteries include lead-acid batteries that use acidic aqueous solutions, nickel-cadmium batteries that use alkaline aqueous solutions, alkaline manganese batteries, and manganese-zinc dry batteries that use neutral solutions. Poor discharge characteristics.

When a lead-acid battery is discharged at low temperatures, the voltage drops due to slow diffusion of sulfuric acid and increased concentration polarization.

In particular, in the case of dry batteries, the output decreases significantly at low temperatures, the capacity rapidly decreases when the temperature drops below 5°C, and the battery stops working at all around -20°C.

This is due to an increase in internal resistance due to an increase in the specific resistance and viscosity of the electrolyte, freezing of the electrolyte, etc.

When operating batteries in extremely cold conditions such as in cold regions or in the upper layers of the atmosphere, for example when using them as power sources for communication and weather observation equipment, it is necessary to overcome this decline in discharge characteristics at low temperatures. Don't do it.

To this end, cold-resistant batteries have been devised that use chlorides of lithium or magnesium as electrolytes, and such as magnesium-manganese water-injected dry batteries.

However, it is not widely used due to price, performance, maintenance, etc.

Next, a battery whose discharge characteristics decrease when operated at low temperatures will improve its performance if returned to room temperature, so a method of heating the battery from the inside and outside may be considered.

This method is convenient because there is less self-discharge when left for a long period of time, and even if the battery is stored at low temperature and low humidity to maintain sufficient capacity, it can be quickly heated to room temperature and activated.

One possible method for this method is to heat it from the outside using hot water, but it has the disadvantage of being difficult to operate and maintain.

There is also a method of using external power and using the terminals of the battery as is in the heating circuit, but this requires AC power and cannot be easily used anywhere.

The present invention uses a catalytic combustible fuel to quickly heat and keep the battery at room temperature so that it can achieve sufficient performance when used in low-temperature conditions such as in cold regions, and is realized through catalytic combustion. That is.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a battery, 2 is a combustion chamber containing a catalyst inside, and is placed in contact with the battery 1, with fuel tanks 3 located at its four corners.

This fuel tank 3 and combustion chamber 2 constitute a catalytic combustion device.

5 is a fuel injection port. The diagonally shaded part 4 is a surface with pores that absorbs fuel from the point in contact with the fuel tank 3.
When it comes into contact with the atmosphere, it absorbs oxygen from the air and burns the fuel.

This heat causes the battery to heat up.

Operation is easy just by installing the device in this way,
It has good heat retention and is very convenient.

Further, when using the battery at room temperature, the device can be removed and used, so there is no problem in using the battery.

Next, characteristics of the example will be shown.

We investigated the discharge characteristics of a lead battery using hydrogen gas as fuel.

Alumina oxide containing 10 mg/cc of platinum was used for the catalyst layer.

The experiment was conducted at an outside temperature of -10°C.

Hydrogen was fed at a rate of 100 cc/min using a high-pressure cylinder to cause combustion.

The temperature was then maintained at 50°C.

At this time, the internal temperature of the battery was about 20°C.

The discharge curve at 0.2c discharge is shown in FIG.

Curve a is a discharge curve when heated.

For comparison, the discharge curve at -10℃ is shown in b, 2
The discharge curve at 0°C is shown in c.

As is clear from the figure, the battery performance at -10°C was sufficiently recovered, and results were obtained that were almost the same as the characteristics at 20°C.

Furthermore, the discharge characteristics of a manganese-zinc battery were investigated using benzine as a fuel.

The same catalyst layer as above was used and the outside temperature was -10°C.

Benzene was injected into the fuel tank, burned, and maintained at 40°C.

The internal temperature of the battery at this time was about 15°C.

Figure 3 shows the discharge curve. Curve d is the discharge curve obtained in this experiment.

For comparison, e is −1 when this device is not used.
f indicates the discharge characteristics at 0° C. and 15° C., respectively.

By heating the battery in the same manner as shown in FIG. 2, sufficient discharge characteristics were obtained even when the surrounding temperature was low.

From the above experiments, even if the discharge characteristics at low temperatures are poor, if the present invention is used to keep the inside of the battery close to room temperature,
It was found that the discharge characteristics were comparable to those at room temperature.

As described above, according to the present invention, the battery can be used in cold conditions, is easy to operate, and has a sufficient battery capacity, so it is extremely effective when using the battery in low temperature conditions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective explanatory diagram of a room-temperature battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a discharge characteristic diagram when a lead battery is used with hydrogen gas as fuel, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of discharge characteristics when a lead battery is used with benzene as fuel. - It is a discharge characteristic diagram when using a zinc battery. 1...Battery, 2,3...Catalytic combustion device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electrochemical cell that generally operates at room temperature, and is characterized by being equipped with a catalyst/combustion device that uses a catalytic combustible fuel such as hydrogen or a hydrocarbon such as benzine.