JPS5880455A - Solar heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar heating system in which room air exits the room near the floor, enters a solar collector through a tube, is heated within the collector, and returns to the room from the top of the collector. It is. These devices rely on convection, where heated air rises and cold air is drawn into a lower inlet, creating a siphon effect. The temperature of the air exiting the outlet varies according to the degree of solar radiation in the moment and temperature of the incoming air.

The present invention adjusts the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet gates to control the amount of airflow to the collector to maintain a constant selected outlet air temperature regardless of irregularities in solar radiation during the day. provides a thermally balanced inlet and outlet door mechanically connected to the bimetallic coil of the door. A fan is provided to increase the air flow through the tube when the collector temperature reaches high temperatures.

The door is partially opened or partially closed according to the sensed air temperature to adjust the outlet temperature of the air regardless of the inlet temperature of the incoming solar radiation. A bimetallic coil is supported on a shaft, and the shaft has a drive wheel provided with a protruding tab that engages one end of the coil. Adjusting the position of the knob allows the coil to be positioned to a desired exit air temperature relative to a scale containing temperature information.

For summer use, the connection between the coil and the shaft must be loosened by turning a knob so that the door remains closed and the coil can swing about its own axis without being connected to the drive wheel. Can be done.

The present invention also provides a mounting coil for a fan for mounting the fan within the tube. The mounting clip is in the form of a spring band in which the corners of the fan housing are provided with legs having angularly related connections to allow the fan housing to be rotated 45 degrees and lockingly secured.

Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description below.

The present invention will be described in detail to the extent that it can be carried out by those skilled in the art;
The physical embodiments described are merely illustrative of the invention, which may be embodied in other specific structures.

The scope of the invention is defined in the following claims.

Referring to FIG. 3, the solar collector 10 comprises a frame 12 in the form of a channel that houses an insulating blanket 14 and a reflector 16 having two concave portions. Within each concave portion of the reflector is a concentric pair of absorption tubes 18.20.
In concentric absorption tubes, the inner tube is preferably painted black and the outer tube is made of plexiglass or other transparent material. The paired tubes are fitted into and supported by tube mounting plates 24,26. These tubes are surrounded by an outer shield 22. The mounting plate has upper and lower end caps 28.3
It's stuck at 0. The absorption tube can be provided with a fan 34.36 attached to a cover spring clip 38.40, which will be described below.

The end caps are preferably provided with insulation 44, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, an inlet 50 at the lower end of the solar heating device communicates with a room 58 near a floor 58 via a duct 52. Air exits through the duct 60 from the outlet 62 of the device.

In accordance with the present invention, mechanical means are provided to control the air flow through the collector and maintain the air exiting the outlet 62 at a substantially uniform temperature. Prior art devices using the thermosyphon concept, in which air moves unconditioned by convection through collector tubes oriented vertically to the exterior, discharged air at various temperatures.

In the illustrated construction (FIGS. 1 and 2), the outlet 62 is provided with an upper door 64 pivotally supported on the end cap 28 by a hinge 66.

A lower door 68 is pivotally connected to the end cap 30 by a hinge 70. Vias 64,68 are preferably insulated to limit heat loss when not in use.

In the illustrated construction, the mechanical means also include a bimetallic coil 74 (FIG. 5) having a tightly wound central coil portion 76 supported by a sleeve 78 as shown in FIG. ing. A compression spring 80 positioned within the sleeve urges a washer 82 against a pin ring 84 at the end of a control shaft 86.

The spring 80 holds a washer 82 fixed, and the washer laterally supports the bimetal coil and presses the coil against the boil excitation plate 88. The position of the bimetallic coil relative to the via 64 is between the shaft 86 and the loop portion 92 of the coil.
(Figure 8). A knob 94 having a pointer temperature scale 96 is provided to facilitate adjustment of the knob to adjust the temperature as described later.

The door is connected to the bimetallic coil by a cable 102 connected to the free end 100 of the bimetallic coil. Cable 102 is guided or ring threaded 104.1
06 and a guide screw 188 (FIG. 1) provided at the front of the door 64. The cable 102 then passes through a hole or gap 111 in the heating device, generally designated 110.
It is connected to the lower Toro 9 and Aro 8 at the location shown in . Both To9Aro 4.68 are biased into position by gravity. To 9 Aro 4 is the solid line position closed by gravity (first
The via 68 is biased by gravity to the open position shown by the dotted line. When in use, remove the upper end cap and
When the temperature near the bimetal coil 74 rises and reaches the preselected rail, the bimetal coil is displaced and moves in the direction shown by arrow 114 (FIG. 5) and the via 64
to the open position shown in dotted lines in Figure 1. When the free end 100 of the bimetallic coil 74 moves downward, the cable 1
02 downwardly, the taut cable 102 lifts the door 64 and lowers the entry door 68 as the long vertical portion of the cable slackens.

As shown in FIG. 4, fans 34,36 are each supported within tubes 18,20 by clips 38,40. In FIG. 4, fan 34 is shown in the installed position, and fan 36 is shown in the installed position in FIG.
It is turned 5 degrees so that the corner 121 of the fan mates with the notch 126 in the leg of the fan clip 38,40. . These fans are therefore held in place by the spring pressure of the dowel clips used. The clip is riveted, welded or otherwise secured to the interior of the absorption tube. Securing the clip in this manner still eliminates the need to use a separate ground wire for the fan motor. It is advisable to set the fan to a temperature higher than that required to open the door.

For example, a typical door opening temperature may be 70°, but the fan thermostat 131 (FIG. 5) is preset to energize the fan when a temperature of 100° is sensed.
Thermostat 131 is set to turn off the fan at 90 degrees. This greatly reduces fan energization and de-energization cycles.

As shown in FIG. 1, the collector is also provided with a plug 141, 143 seatable in the end cap.
These plugs release heat during the summer and prevent large build-up of heat.

In use, the degree to which the upper and lower doors are opened controls the amount of air that passes through the tube. If the tube is partially opened rather than fully open, restricted air will pass through the tube and increase the temperature of the air exiting the collector. At night, the thermostat closes the door and in the morning, the sun's radiant heat warms the surface of the absorber tube, causing the bimetallic coil to open the upper door and allow the collector to release heat into the room. As the temperature of the absorption tube rises, the bimetal coil 74 moves, and when the slack in the cable 102 is removed, the lower door 6
8 is opened slightly to allow cold air at floor level to enter the collector and be heated. The upper via 64 is preferably adjusted to be always open to a greater extent than the lower door 68 to compensate for the increased volume of air as the air temperature increases and the air expands. When the temperature in the collector reaches a temperature high enough that convection alone is insufficient to remove the heat through the chimney effect, the fan is energized by thermostat 131 through a circuit (not shown) to force air through the tubes. Increase flow.

A foam gasket can seal the door in the closed position, and a magnetic latch can still be used to hold the door in the closed position. The cable may be provided with a thermofusible fitting 121 (FIG. 5) which will melt in degrees 96 at excessive temperatures releasing the cable from the door and allowing the upper door to close. Can be used. By using a cable, you can upset the upper and lower toe heights.
It can be pressed by hand without ttting.

During the summer, the control knob can be opened 3/4 or close to it to separate tab 90 from the bimetallic coil. Washers 96,98 frictionally engage vias 64 to hold the tabs and tabs 90 in the desired position away from the bimetallic coil. Because the bimetallic coil 74 is freely supported on the shaft, the center turn portion of the bimetallic coil moves about the shaft without changing the position of the free end 100 in response to increases in collector temperature. Thus, an insulated door insulates a home in the same way that a door insulates a home in the winter when the solar collector is not supplying air to the room when it remains closed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional end view of a solar heating device according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side view of the device shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is an exploded view of the parts shown in Figures 1 and 2, Figure 4 is a bottom sectional view, and Figure 5 is the top end of the collector. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective partial view of the solar thermal condenser. 16...Reflector, 18...20...Tube, 34.3
6...Fan, 38.40...Flip, 50...
・Entrance, 58...Floor, 64.68...Door, 62・
... Outlet, 74 ... Bimetal coil, 86 ... Shaft, 90 ... Engagement means, 92 ... Flat part of coil. Patent applicant Beater B Blockhouse (external 2
given name)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) a transparent window having at least one absorption tube positioned within the encapsulation, the encapsulation forming a wall; and a transparent window within the encapsulation for reflecting sunlight toward the absorption tube; a reflector, an inlet and an outlet communicating with the absorption tube and with the interior of the building through the wall of the building, said inlet being adapted to draw cold air from near the floor of the building; In a solar heating device, the outlet is adapted to discharge heated air into the room from above the floor, and a first and second In order to maintain the temperature of the air exiting the outlet almost uniform despite the irregularities in the solar heat received in response to the temperature and fluctuations in the temperature of the air entering the inlet, the mechanical means including a bimetallic coil for controlling both doors simultaneously and supported on a manual control just mounted on the first door to regulate airflow through both doors; means provided on the shaft in frictional engagement with the first door to securely position it in the selected position, and a coil opening both doors to change the temperature of the exiting air to the selected temperature. 2. A solar heating device characterized in that it comprises means attachable to the coil and mounted on the shaft for changing the angular position of the coil portion relative to a reference point so as to change the temperature at which it operates. (2) The means capable of being secured to the shaft includes a protrusion provided on the shaft, so that when the bimetallic coil moves in one direction, the bimetallic coil is twisted, and the protrusion and the shaft move in the opposite direction. 2. The device of claim 1, which then has a flat portion engageable with said projection to maintain the door closed despite movement of the bimetallic coil in response to changes in temperature. (3) In a solar heating device having a cylindrical absorption tube with an inlet and an outlet extending through the collector housing and communicating with the interior of the room through the wall of the building, the curved a fan mounting clip having a recess midway between the two spring legs extending from the curved section and the ends of the curved section and sized to enter the absorption tube; a fan having a housing with a perimeter complementary to the shape of the element and the clip, the clip housing the fan in one location;
A solar heating device characterized in that, when the fan housing is rotated through 90 degrees, the fan elements snap into the recesses of the legs, fixing the fan to the absorption tube.