JPS5866610A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize machining of a crank shaft pin and the outside diameter of a journal by providing a ring-shaped cutting edge drum equipped with an inward cutting edge and rotating said drum. CONSTITUTION:When a disc body is rotated, the center CC of a cutting edge drum 21 makes a planetary motion round the center CP1 of a pin P1, an external periphery of which is cut by means of a cutting edge 21a. After completion of machining of the pin P1, an eccentric slide and a slide unit are moved and the abovementioned operation is repeated to cut another pin. When machining is performed in one slide unit, a desired machining is performed through a similar operation in the other unit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with a ring-shaped cutting tool drum equipped with inward-facing cutting tools, and which processes the outer diameter of a crankshaft pin and journal by rotating the cutting tool drum. It is something.

Conventionally, this type of machine tool is known as U.S. Patent No. 38800.
No. 25 (former) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,276,794 (latter), but in the former, the cutting tool drum is supported by a composite slide that moves in the X and Y directions so as to move planetarily. Although it is. Since complete synchronization of the X and Y axes is required during machining, the drive system is complicated and the main body is large. The latter uses two eccentric rings to adjust the eccentricity t't between the center of the workpiece and the center of the cutting tool drum, but the amount of eccentricity cannot be increased to a certain extent, so it is necessary to increase it. This has the disadvantage that the main body becomes large.

The present invention has been developed in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and the eccentricity between the center of the workpiece and the center of the cutter drum can be increased to accommodate workpieces with various cutting diameters, and the entire machine can be made compact. The aim is to provide a machine tool that does this.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a bed, and 2.3 is a spindle head fixed to opposite ends of the bed I in the longitudinal direction. Chucks 4 and 5 are provided at the tip of this biaxial spindle head 2.3. Spindle noses 6.7 are provided, by means of which both ends of the crankshaft g are gripped against rotation. One of the biaxial shaft heads 2 and 3 is provided with an indexing device 9, which allows the crankshaft held by the biaxial shaft heads 2.3 to be rotated at a predetermined angle, for example 60'.
, +20' rotation to determine the fixed posture by the chuck 4.5.

10, If is a slide unit mounted on the bed 1 across the spindle nose 6.7, and both slide units IQ, l+ are mounted on a base 12.13 which is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1. It is engaged and mounted so as to be slidable in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of this. 14
15 is a motor for slidingly driving the base 12, 13', and 16, 17 is each slide unit IO.

This is a motor that slides and drives 11 in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of bases 12 and 13.

The above two slide units) 10 and 11 have the same configuration, and the configuration will be described below as one of the slide units) If
) will be explained.

A disk body 1g is rotatably supported on the slide unit 10 with its shaft center in the same direction as the shaft center of the spindle head.

This disk body 18 is provided with a rectangular long hole 19 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. An eccentric slide 20 is slidably engaged with this elongated hole 19. A cutting tool drum 21 is rotatably supported on the eccentric slide 20. The axis of rotation of this cutter drum 210 is the main spindle head 2.3.
Furthermore, when the eccentric slide 20 moves together with the eccentric slide 20, the locus of its axis passes through the rotational axis of the disk body 18.

22 is a drive unit provided in the slide unit 1, which drives the disk body 18 and the eccentric slide 2;
0 is driven.

That is, a fixed gear 23 is fixed to the disk body 18, and a gear body 24 having external teeth and internal teeth on its outer and inner circumferences is rotatably supported on the disk body 18. The external teeth of this gear body 24 and the fixed gear 23 have the same number of teeth. Reference numeral 25 denotes a threaded rod provided in the sliding direction of the eccentric slide 20. This threaded rod 25 is rotatably engaged with and supported by the disk body 18 in the axial direction. It is screwed together. A small gear 26 is fixed to the tip of the threaded rod 25 on the disk body IF3 side.
It meshes with the internal teeth of No. 4.

27 is a differential device provided in the drive unit 22, and this differential device 27 is rotatably supported and has a case 29 to which a large gear 28 is fixed to the outside, and a case 29 on both sides of this case 29 and a rotating shaft. A rotating shaft 30.31 provided at the center, side gears 32.33 with the same number of teeth provided on the case 29 at the tip of each rotating shaft 30.31, and meshing with both side gears 32.33 inside the case 29. Small gear 34.3 supported opposite to
5 and 9, and a first . Second gear 30a.

31α is fixed. A gear train connected to the disk rotation motor 36 is meshed with the second gear 31α, and a gear train connected to the slide operation motor 37 is meshed with the first gear 30a. 38 is an encoder connected to a gear train for sliding motion.

The number of teeth of the large gear 28 of the differential device 270 and the second gear 31iz are the same, the large gear 28 meshes with the external teeth of the gear body 24, and the second gear 31α meshes with the fixed gear 23. There is.

39 is a cutter drum motor provided in the slide unit 11, and the drive shaft of this motor and the cutter drum 21 are connected by a belt 40.

The operation of the above configuration will be explained with reference to FIG.

The chuck 4.5 is fixed in the direction of rotation with the center of the chuck aligned with the center of the journal of the crankshaft 8, and the straight line connecting the center of the journal and the center of the bottle aligned with the direction of movement of the eccentric slide 20, and the crankshaft is fixed. 8
grasp. When carrying the crankshaft 8 into the chuck 4.5, the center Cc of the cutting tool drum 21, the center CD of the disk body 1B, and the center of the chuck are aligned (FIG. 5A) for sliding operation)10. I+ are located at both ends of bed 1, respectively, and spindle nose 6.7
straddles the

The machining operation in one slide unit 11 will be explained below.

When processing the bottle P1, the motor 15 is driven to move the slide unit 11 to the crankshaft 8 in order to align the cutting tool 21α of the cutting tool drum 21 with the processing portion of the bottle P1.
move in the longitudinal direction and perform index positioning.

Next, drive the other motor 17 to drive the slide unit llk.
Move the crankshaft 8 by 14 strokes, that is, D, in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the crankshaft 8 to align the center Cn of the disk body 18 with the center CP1 of the bin P1 (FIG. 5B), and then drive the motor 39 to drive the cutting tool drum. Rotate 21.

In this state, the slide operation motor 37'f- is driven to move the eccentric slide 20'f (D+73) to bring the cutting tool 21α of the cutting tool drum 21 close to the outer periphery of the bottle ρ1, so that the outer diameter of the bottle is processed.

That is, when the sliding motor 37 rotates, the first gear 302 rotates via the gear train. At this time, the disk body rotation motor 36 is stopped and the second gear 31a is restricted from rotating, so the side gear 33 fixed to the second gear 3Iα does not rotate, and therefore the first gear 31a does not rotate.
Due to the rotation of the gear 30α, the case 29 of the υ differential [27] rotates integrally with the case 29, and the large gear 28 rotates together with this. As a result, the gear body 24 that meshes with the large gear 28 is rotated, the small gear 26 that meshes with its internal teeth is rotated, the threaded rod 25 is rotated, and the eccentric slide 20 that is threaded therewith is rotated.
is moved. The amount of movement at this time is determined by the magnitude of the signal output to the slide motor 37, and is detected and controlled by the encoder 38.

In this way, the eccentric slide 20 is moved to the machining start state where the cutting tool 21α of the cutting tool drum 21 supported thereon contacts the outer periphery of the bottle.

After the cutting tool 21α comes into contact with the bin P1, the slide operation motor 37 is stopped and maintained in that state, and then the disk body rotation motor 36 is driven to rotate the disk body 1g.
Rotate.

That is, when the disk body rotation motor 36 is driven with the slide operation motor 37 stopped, since the first gear 30α of the differential device 27 is stopped,
The second gear 31α, the case 29 of the differential gear 27, and the large gear 28 integrated therewith rotate. Thus, the second gear 3I
The disk body 18 is rotated by α, and the gear body 24 is rotated by the large gear 28. However, at this time, because the gear ratio between the second gear 31α and the fixed gear 23 of the disk body 18 and the gear ratio between the large gear 28 and the gear body 24 are the same, the disk body 18 and the gear body 24 rotate at the same time. , no relative rotation occurs between the gear body 28 and the disk body 24, and the eccentric slide 20 does not move relative to the disk body 18.

When the disk body 18 rotates as described above, the center Cc of the cutting tool drum 2I moves planetarily around the center CPl of the bin P, as shown in FIGS. 5B to 5E, and due to this movement, The outer periphery of the shear pin ρ1 is cut with a cutting tool 21α.

After completing the machining of pin p, eccentric slide 20. Move the slide unit 10 and return to step 8 above to cut all other pins.

As described above, desired processing is performed on one slide unit 11, but other desired processing can be performed on the other slide unit 10 using exactly the same operation.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example of machining only pins has been described, but journal machining is naturally possible with the same machining motion. And 2
slide units) IQ.

11, pin-to-pin or pin-to-journal machining can be performed in parallel. Also, the cutting tool drum 21
By providing all the cutting tools 21α in multiple rows in tandem, it is possible to process multiple locations at the same time.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example of machining the outer circumferential surface of the pin has been described, but it is also possible to process the side surface of the counter web.

In this case, slide unit (11) It moves in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft 8.

In addition, in the case of a crankshaft with pins in 6 locations, the pin positions are out of phase by 1200, but in this case, the indexing device 9 provided on the spindle head indexes and positions all the pins in each phase to the specified position. Do the following.

Furthermore, by moving the disk body 18 and the eccentric slide 20 simultaneously, it is possible to process an outer peripheral surface having a shape other than a circular shape.

The drive unit 22 in the above embodiment has two motors.
However, as shown in FIG. 6, a gear train 41 for rotating the disk body and a gear train 42 for sliding operation are each interposed with a brake-equipped clutch 43, 44'. It may be configured to be connected to one motor 45.

However, in this case, processing other than circular shapes is impossible.

Note that 46 and 47 in the figure are detectors.

FIG. 7 shows the motor total NC device 4 in the device according to the present invention.
(12) A case in which control is performed by the control device 49 according to 8 is shown.

Furthermore, although the drive unit 22 in the above embodiment uses the differential device 27, the means for driving the disk body 18 and the eccentric slide 20 may be provided separately and independently.

Note that in the drawings used to explain the above embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the cutter drum 21. Although the crankshaft 8 is shown larger than the size of the cutting tool 21α, the actual relationship is as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. That is, a disk 4 is fixed to the cutting tool drum 21, and this disk 4? A cutting tool 21α is fixed to the inner diameter surface of the blade. Then, from the cutting edge to the cutting tool drum 2
When the dimension fL to the inner diameter surface of the crankshaft 8 is fL, and the maximum radial depth of the crankshaft 8 is f:LO, it becomes L")Lo. In addition, Fig. 10 shows the cutter 'f: double mounted Indicates the condition.

As described above, the present invention includes a workpiece support device that fixes and supports a workpiece in the rotational direction, and a slide unit IO that is movable in the axial direction and in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece supporter.
,,11, and the slide units) IQ, I+, which are supported rotatably around a rotation axis parallel to and at the same height as the axis of the workpiece holding device, and are elongated in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. A disk body 18 having a hole 19 and a disk body I8
an eccentric slide 20 that engages with the elongated hole 19 and is movable in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis of the disk body 18;
It is rotatably supported through the eccentric slide 20, and its rotation axis is parallel to the axis of the workpiece holding device, and the locus of the axis position that changes as the eccentric slide 20 moves intersects with the fineness of the workpiece holding device. Set it up so that
Furthermore, the cutter 2+ (
A machine tool is constructed from the Zt-fixed cutting tool drum 21, a disk body driving means for rotationally driving the 18-karat gold disk body, an eccentric slide driving means for moving the eccentric slide 20, and a cutting tool drum driving means for rotationally driving the cutting tool drum 21. Because of this structure, the amount of eccentricity between the center of the workpiece and the center of the cutter drum is large, and it is possible to handle workpieces with various cutting diameters, and the entire machine can be made compact.

Further, according to the present invention, all slide units 10, 11 . for position setting at the start of machining. Disc body 18° eccentric slide body 2
0 in sequence, and by simply rotating the cutting tool drum 21 and disk body 18 during machining, there is no part that operates in conjunction with other members, so υ is mechanically efficient. The configuration is simple, and therefore the control device for automating this can also be simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view;
Fig. 2 is a front view showing the slide unit, Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the slide unit, Fig. 4 is a gear train diagram showing an example of the drive unit, and Fig. 5 (71, (/A ,
(C); Figure 9 shows the relationship between the size of the cutting tool drum and the cutting tool with respect to the workpiece (1
5) Front view and cross-sectional view. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where two cutting tools are used. 8 is a crankshaft, 10.11 is a slide unit, 18 is a disc slide body, 19 is an elongated hole, 20 is an eccentric slide, 21 is a cutting tool drum, and 21α is a cutting tool. Applicant Komatsu Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Masaaki Yonehara Patent Attorney Tadashi Hamamoto (16)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A workpiece holding device that fixes and supports the workpiece in the rotational direction, a slide unit 10°11 that is movable in the axial direction and in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece holding device, and the slide unit 10. I+, a disk body 18 rotatably supported around a rotation axis parallel to and at the same height as the axis of the workpiece holding device, and having an elongated hole 19 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and a disk. an eccentric slide 20 that engages with the elongated hole 19 of the body 18 and is movable in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis of the disk body 18; an inner surface that is parallel to the axis of the workpiece holding device and such that the locus of the axis position that changes according to the movement of the eccentric slide 20 intersects the axis of the workpiece holding device, and further has an inner diameter through which the workpiece passes. A cutting tool drum 2I to which a cutting tool 21α is fixed,
a disk body driving means for rotationally driving the disk body 18;
eccentric slide drive means for moving the eccentric slide 20;
A machine tool comprising a cutting tool drum driving means for rotationally driving a cutting tool drum 21.