JPS5863566A - Pad spring device for railway rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of a pillow spring device for a railway vehicle, particularly a bolsterless bogie.

It is applied to bolsterless carts and can fully tolerate large horizontal displacements, has a large spring constant and effective air damping characteristics, and is also easy to assemble, disassemble, and maintain, and is small and lightweight. As a certain pillow splash device, for example, the one shown in Fig. ls1 has been proposed.

In this pillow spring device, q or more stages of annular rubber elastic bodies 3 having the same inner and outer diameters are alternately laminated via a rigid ring l on the inner cylinder side of an air spring l having a certain configuration. , an auxiliary air chamber j is connected to an annular rubber elastic body 3 located at the end.

Although this pillow spring device can achieve the above-mentioned effects, when it is subjected to horizontal displacement as shown in FIG. Air spring l
The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical rubber film ≦ is extremely different in the front and back of the displacement direction m, and especially on the rear side, the cylindrical rubber film w
II! 11 out of 6! There was a great possibility that the sealing performance would deteriorate due to peeling off from the upper surface plate 7, and the durability of the rubber film 6 would decrease due to friction between the rubber film A and the inner surface II and the upper surface plate 7 on the front side.

Under such conditions, the internal pressure of the air spring is within lIi! due to the difference in the shape of the rubber membrane. 11. This problem also becomes more noticeable as the amount of displacement increases.

The present invention advantageously solves these problems, and in particular, the outer diameter of the annular rubber elastic body laminated in multiple stages via a rigid ring is connected between the air spring and the auxiliary air chamber. To provide a pillow spring device capable of reducing the inclination angle of an inner cylinder based on horizontal displacement of an annular rubber elastic body to a greater extent than the above-described one by increasing the size of the pillow as a whole in a continuous or stepwise manner toward the chamber. It is.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 10 is an air spring, // is the entire annular rubber elastic body, /
2 indicates an auxiliary air chamber.

The air baffle 10 is constructed by connecting the upper end of the cylindrical rubber membrane /j to the top plate covered with the protective rubber /J, and connecting its lower end to the inside @11. In this case, the diameter D0 of the connecting portion of the cylindrical rubber membrane /3 to the top plate /(II) is the effective diameter at the standard height of the air spring 10.

It is particularly effective to make the air spring smaller than the self-sealing property of the air spring.

It is constructed by stacking the annular rubber elastic bodies/I of stages with, for example, a metal rigid ring/9 arranged between each elastic body, and the annular rubber elastic bodies/I have a resistance against displacement in each direction. In order to provide a shin reaction force, the rigid ring lde also acts to effectively prevent a decrease in the spring constant for forces in each direction.

Here, the outer diameter of the annular rubber elastic body /l, which can be made of rubber-plastic or other elastic material, is as follows:
In order to effectively reduce the slope of the auxiliary air chamber 12, it increases step by step in two stages.

Of course, these outer diameters may be increased step by step, and in some cases, the outer diameter of the middle elastic body II may be made larger than the elastic bodies above and below it. However, it is necessary to increase the outer diameter of the entire elastic body 11 toward the auxiliary air chamber.

In addition, the central hole of the annular rubber elastic body /I and the rigid ring 19 provides communication between the air spring 10 and the auxiliary air chamber /2, and the outer diameter of the central hole becomes larger in line with the auxiliary air chamber 12. Therefore, the volume of each annular rubber elastic body 1 also increases.
1 to provide an appropriate spring constant. Because of the latter effect, each central hole becomes larger as the outer diameter of the elastic body increases.

Furthermore, the auxiliary air chamber 12 connected to the annular rubber elastic body /I located at the end via the plate 〃 and the lower mounting plate I provides effective air damping of the air spring 10 and an appropriate vertical deflection constant. In order to achieve this, the air usually has a volume more than twice that of the air splash 10, and in order to ensure these effects, the air is drawn through a throttle 22.8 provided in the center of the inner cylinder 16 and the lower mounting plate I. and communicates with the air spring 10.

Note that /3 & in the figure indicates a downwardly inclined part that is made of the protective rubber 13 and that contacts the outer surface of the cylindrical rubber film /j at the peripheral edge portion of the top plate n and restrains its displacement in the horizontal direction. , 13b designates a stopper which is also made of protective rubber 13 and ensures the flow of air within the air splash 10 against downward displacement of the top plate 1.

In the pillow spring device configured in this manner, the vertical force is supported by the air spring 10 whose spring constant is appropriately selected and the annular rubber elastic body II, and the ride comfort of the vehicle against vertical vibration is , a throttle n,2? interposed between the air spring 10 and the auxiliary air chamber/2? Same as above.

Further, this pillow spring device has a sufficient spring constant even for horizontal forces, and can provide the required amount of horizontal displacement.

FIG. q shows a state in which, for example, the auxiliary air chamber/λ side is horizontally displaced by a certain amount in the direction of arrow B due to this horizontal force. In particular, looking at the deformation of each annular rubber elastic body /I and the backward inclination angle of the inner cylinder L with respect to the deformation direction B, in the state in which no external force is applied as shown in No. JFgl, the annular rubber elastic body /I is Since the outer diameter increases stepwise in the direction of the auxiliary air chamber 12, the annular rubber elastic bodies /l that form a pair of two stages on the rear side in the deformation direction B are positioned below. It is supported by an elastic body/l with a larger diameter than that of the previous one, receives a compression reaction force from it, and in addition to changing the outer diameter of each rubber elastic body/l mentioned above, the rear side portion in the deformation direction B is Since the side length of the entire annular rubber elastic body l/ becomes shorter than that when standing upright, a reaction force is generated inside the annular rubber elastic body to counter this compressive deformation, and as a result of this, each rubber elastic body The amount of deformation of II and therefore the backward inclination angle of In@/4 is significantly reduced compared to that shown in the 1/12 diagram.

Therefore, the cylindrical rubber membrane /j whose one end is connected to the inner @71
The difference in cross-sectional shape before and after the deformation direction B is also the first. −
It is not as large as the one shown in the figure, and the above-mentioned problems of poor sealing performance and poor durability of the cylindrical rubber film tS are sufficiently solved. In addition, the above-mentioned compressive reaction force of the rubber elastic body It is applied against the force of the air spring /θ which is caused by the difference in the cross-sectional shape of the rubber @/1 and increases the backward inclination of the inner cylinder /4. Since this can be countered sufficiently effectively, the problem of the inner cylinder 14 being further tilted backward by the air spring 10 does not occur.

FIG. 3 shows a modification of the present invention, in which the outer diameter of each annular rubber elastic body/I stacked in multiple stages is continuously increased toward the auxiliary air chamber 12. The dimensions of the central hole are also continuously changed. 〇 This pillow spring device also acts in the same way as described with reference to Fig. 2 with respect to its horizontal displacement. It is possible to effectively prevent a decrease in sealing performance and durability.

Yes, all of the six pillow spring devices according to the present invention described above can sufficiently tolerate the required amount of horizontal displacement when used in an actual vehicle, but the volume of the annular rubber elastic body/l of each stage is
However, since each elastic body /I has the same hardness, when it is displaced in the horizontal direction, the rubbery elastic body II, which has a small volume,
In other words, the closer the air spring is to the air spring 10, the greater the amount of displacement, which results in a rearward inclination with respect to the displacement direction B of the inner cylinder/≦.

Therefore, in the present invention, by compensating for such a change in volume e and making the amount of horizontal displacement of the annular rubber elastic body /l of each stage substantially equal, the inclination of the inner @ /1 is further reduced and the cylinder In order to eliminate the adverse effect acting on the annular rubber membrane /j, the hardness of each annular rubber elastic body /I is lowered toward the auxiliary air chamber lλ.

Here, it goes without saying that the optimum hardness of the annular rubbery elastic body/I in each stage is determined in relation to the volume of the rubbery elastic body/l.

- As an example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the outer diameters of the two-stage pair of annular rubber elastic bodies/I are sequentially set to Geko 0φ, 37oφ and Jco 0φ from the auxiliary air chamber side, and the inner diameter is ljOφ. , /20φ and 100φ, and the rubber hardness is determined sequentially from the auxiliary air chamber side.

The case of J degree and J degree will be described.

On the auxiliary air chamber side of this pillow spring device, arrow B shown in Fig.
The manner in which each annular rubber elastic body/I deforms when a horizontal displacement of the same direction and magnitude is applied is shown in Fig. 4, and the horizontal displacement of the six pairs of rubber elastic bodies II is Since the amount is almost equal in all parts, the backward inclination angle of the inner @It is about 3 degrees. This backward inclination angle is calculated when the rubber hardness of all elastic bodies/l is JIS t& under the same conditions (
(see JIF diagram), and the outer diameter of all rubber elastic bodies [, as shown in Figure 1, is abbreviated as that of the annular rubber elastic body adjacent to the air splash, and the rubber hardness. J
This is less than % of the IS V degree.

Therefore, deterioration in sealing performance and damage to the cylindrical rubber membrane /J connected to the inner cylinder /6 can be more effectively prevented.

As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, by increasing the outer diameter of the annular rubber elastic body toward the auxiliary air chamber, the rearward tilt of the inner cylinder with respect to horizontal displacement and direction can be effectively prevented. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently prevent a decrease in sealing performance and damage to the cylindrical rubber membrane connected to the inner cylinder.

In addition, by reducing the rubber hardness of the rubber elastic body toward the auxiliary air chamber, the amount of horizontal displacement of each annular rubber elastic body becomes substantially uniform, so that the backward tilt angle of the inner cylinder is reduced. is reduced, and therefore the negative impact on the tubular rubber membrane is significantly reduced.

X4, Brief description of the drawings Wii l J The figures are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing a conventional pillow spring device before and after horizontal displacement, and the 4I figures are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the present invention before and after horizontal displacement, respectively. figure,#! jFI! J is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a modification of the present invention, and Figure J is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state after horizontal displacement of the pillow spring device in which the backward inclination of the inner cylinder is further reduced.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] L An air spring, an auxiliary air chamber communicating with the air spring, and a plurality of stages of annular rubber elastic bodies laminated via a rigid ring between the air spring and the auxiliary air chamber. A column spring device for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the outer diameter of these annular rubber elastic bodies is increased as a whole in a continuous or stepwise manner toward an auxiliary air chamber◇ 2. An air spring; An auxiliary air chamber communicating with this air gap, and a plurality of stages of annular rubber elastic bodies laminated via rigid rings are provided between the air spring and the auxiliary air chamber, and these annular rubber elastic bodies are A railway characterized in that the outer diameter is increased as a whole in a continuous or stepwise manner toward the auxiliary air chamber, and the hardness of each annular rubber elastic body is decreased toward the auxiliary air chamber. Pillar spring device for vehicles.