JPS5863088A - Protecting device in storage pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the damage of a shaft seal device and a bearing device, etc. by interrupting a Hall element driving current to stop the rotation of a Hall motor when the speed of rotation of said motor measured on the basis of a power ripple reaches a specified upper-limit speed of rotation. CONSTITUTION:The alternating-current part of a ripple current caused by the overlapping of a flowing current is detected by a resistor 2a and capacitor 2b for detecting a ripple, and converted into a voltage signal whose maximum value is determined corresponding to the frequency of the fundamental wave component of the ripple current, i.e. the speed of rotation of a Hall motor M, by interposed devices such as an AC amplifier 2c, a waveform-shaping circuit 3a, a monostable multivibrator 3b and an integrating circuit 3c. The voltage signal thus obtained is inputted, togethr with an upper-limit rotation speed setting voltage, in a comparator 4, wherein the two voltages are compared. The comparator 4 delivers an output 1 when the speed of rotation is below the upper limit thereof, while delivering an output ''0'' when it reaches the upper limit. By the inversion of the above output from ''1'' to ''0'', the outut of a flip-flop 5a is set to be ''1'', a transistor 6a is turned OFF, the supply of a Hall element driving current is interrupted, and thereby the Hall motor M is stopped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a protection device against high-speed rotation in a water pump system driven by a Hall motor powered by a direct current source such as a solar cell, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a protection device against high-speed rotation in a pump system driven by a Hall motor powered by a direct current source such as a solar cell. Measure the rotational speed (RPM) of
The present invention relates to an improvement in the structure of a motor control device that stops the rotation of the motor when a specific upper limit rotational speed is reached.

As an example, the operating characteristic curve when power is supplied from a solar cell to a Hall motor is as shown in the graph of FIG.

In the figure, the curve P indicates the output characteristics of the solar cell, that is, the output current ~
As the output current (load current) increases in the output voltage curve, the output voltage generally shows a tendency to decrease to a non-direct load capacity. At a position p2 where this bending resistance P intersects with the maximum output line, the product of the output current and the output voltage, that is, the output power becomes maximum.

On the other hand, if the load characteristic line of the Hall motor as a load impedance connected to the solar cell is drawn superimposed on the operating characteristic curve P of the solar cell, the line L! ~ It will look like L6. The slope of this load characteristic &l Lt -Ls with respect to the I axis represents the impedance of the Hall motor, and the impedance is controlled by the pump connected to the Hall motor, that is, the magnitude of the mechanical load. Focus on things that change.

Therefore, the voltage supplied from the solar cell to the Hall motor is determined by the relationship between each of the load characteristic line, %L, whose slope is specified depending on the mechanical load, and the operating characteristic curve P of the solar cell. Since the intersection point pt-ps is determined, the pumping point/
The impedance in the discharge conduit of the pump system and the Hall motor decreases, resulting in a load characteristic line with a gentle slope with respect to the ■ axis, as shown at 1sLx in the figure, and the operating point pl is specified, and the Hall motor When the 120V voltage supply is closed, the mechanical load decreases, and conversely, the impedance of the 1-hole motor becomes thicker, and the slope of the load characteristic line with respect to the 1st axis becomes steeper, so the load decreases. The characteristic lines are Lt, L in the figure.
s, L4, and the operating point P! corresponds to each of these load characteristic lines. % p3, p4 are specified, and further, corresponding to each operating point, the hole %-p has 133V,
140V.

A voltage of 150V will be supplied.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating changes in the rotational speed of the Hall motor corresponding to changes in the supply voltage.

As is clear from the figure, when the supply voltage increases, the rotation speed of the Hall motor increases along the voltage-speed characteristic curve Q. According to the above operation example, the operating point P1~
Rotations an1 to n4 are specified corresponding to each of p4,
The gradients of the load characteristics HL1 to L4 in FIG. 1 are determined depending on the impedance of the Hall motor at these rotational speeds.

However, when the water pump system is operated in the air due to accidental causes such as lack of self-supply water, lazy installation, or childish causes such as a trial run before the installation, the impedance of the Hall motor becomes extremely large. value, and the load characteristic line is + in Figure 1.
wLs, the operating point shifts to p5, and a high voltage of 160V or more is supplied to the Hall motor. At this time, the rotation speed of the Hall motor increases significantly to 5000 RP, as shown in Figure 2, n5.
It reaches a large value of M or more.

In this way, with the conventional lift pump system in this building, the rotational speed increases to a very large value when operating in air, resulting in mechanical damage to the sealing device of the lift pump system and sliding in the bearing device. The drawback is that there is an extremely high risk of damage such as burning of the surface.

Furthermore, by making the operating point corresponding to the most frequent operating state, that is, according to the above operation example, the operating point p2 intersect with the maximum output line hole, the operating characteristic curve P is The operating point movement range between fully open and fully closed is considerably restricted by design, and by moving the operating point ps for air operation to the upper left on the dynamic f\j characteristic curve P, , the rotation speed during air operation is soo.

Designing to keep it to a small value below RPM is
Since it is generally difficult to achieve, the above drawbacks are serious and rare.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of damage to equipment due to air operation based on the above-mentioned prior art, and to
M) is adjusted to the needle side based on the power supply ripple, and when it is detected that the rotation speed has reached a specific upper limit rotation speed, the Hall motor drive current is cut off and the Hall motor rotation is stopped. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent protection device for a water pump system, which can prevent damage to equipment such as a shaft seal device and a bearing device.

The structure of the present invention in accordance with the above object is a pump system that includes a Hall motor that is powered by one DC current, typically a solar cell, and a pump driven by the Hall motor. During operation, a ripple current that is included in the power supply current to the Hall motor and has a frequency component corresponding to the rotation speed (RPM) of the Hall motor is detected by the ripple detection section, and the basics of the detected ripple current are detected. The frequency-to-voltage converter converts the wave component into an analog voltage corresponding to the frequency, that is, a rotational speed signal that determines the rotational speed of the Hall motor, and supplies this to a comparator. Compare the magnitude relationship between the rotation speed signal and a reference voltage corresponding to a preset upper limit rotation speed, and when the rotation speed signal exceeds the reference voltage, send a stop signal to the process storage section, and
The rotation of the Hall motor is stopped by memorizing the stop process, continuing to memorize the stop process, continuously supplying a stop process signal to the switch part, and cutting off the supply of the Hall element drive current with the switch part. This feature is characterized in that it is stopped.

The configuration and operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be explained below based on the drawings from FIG. 3 onwards.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of this invention.
Hall motor (stator part) 1, ripple detection part 2,
It includes a frequency-to-voltage conversion section 3, a comparator 4, a process storage section 5, a switch section 6, and a solar cell T consisting of a solar cell or the like.

The Hall motor (stator part) 1 includes first to i-th transistor switches 1e to 1h connected in series to the first to fourth stator parts #1a to 1d, respectively, and two Hall electromotive voltages. A first Hall element 11 whose output terminal is connected to the bases of the first and second transistor switches 1e and 1f, respectively, and similarly, two Hall electromotive force output terminals are connected to the third and fourth transistor switches 1g, One current supply terminal of the first and second Hall elements 1i and 1j is connected to the current limiting resistor 1 and grounded through 11, respectively. Note that a resistor 1mI/i is used to adjust the operating current of the fourth transistor switches 10 to 1h so that they are in a saturated state.

The ripple detection section 2 includes a ripple detection resistor 2a inserted in the power supply iEl extending from the DC heavy hot water 7 to the Hall motor (stator section) 1, one input terminal is connected to one end of the resistor 2a, and the other is connected to one end of the resistor 2a. One input terminal is a coupling capacitor 2
and an AC amplifier 2C connected to the other end of the resistor 1b through the resistor 1b.

The frequency-voltage converter 3 is a waveform shaping circuit such as a Siemi circuit. Consisting of r3g, a monostable multivibrator 3b following it, and an integrating circuit 3C, a waveform shaping circuit 3a
The input terminal of is connected to the output terminal of AC amplifier 2c.

The inverting input terminal of the comparator 4 is connected to the output terminal of the integrating circuit 3c, and its non-inverting input terminal is connected to the connection point between the resistor 4a and the Zener diode 4b, which are connected in series between the feed line El and the ground to form a bleeder. be done.

The process storage unit 5 includes a flip-flop 5a, the set terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 4, and the reset terminal of which is connected to a reset switch 5b connected to the power line E'l through a resistor 5a. . Note that the resistors 5c and 5d are load resistors for the flip-flop 5a.

The switch section 6 includes PNP junction transistor switches 6a to ryb, the base of which is a current limiting resistor 6b.
It is connected to the positive phase output terminal X of the flip-flop 5a through the gate, its emitter is connected to the power supply line El, and its collector is connected to the first and second Hall elements 1i, 1j.
is connected to the other current supply terminal.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the schematic configuration of the Hall motor M, and the rotor 1n, which has N and S poles at opposing positions,
Its outer periphery is surrounded by first to fourth magnetic poles 10 to 1r that are arranged oppositely at 90 intervals to form a stator, and each magnetic pole has first to fourth magnetic poles 10 to 1r shown as 1a to 1d in FIG. A fourth stator winding is wound.

Specifically, the first magnetic pole 11 has the first winding #M1a, the second magnetic pole 1p has the third winding 1C, and the third magnetic pole 1q has the second winding 1b. But, the fourth magnetic pole 1r
K is the fourth volume 1j! 1d are each wound.

Furthermore, first and second Hall elements indicated by 1i and lj in FIG. 1 are fixedly disposed on one end surface of the rotor 1n in the axial direction at an interval of 90 degrees.

Figure 5 shows the current (A) passing through the first to fourth stator windings.
~(D) and the ripple current (E) passing through the feeder line El
2 is a time chart showing the interrelationship between the state of the rotor and the state of the Hall electromotive force (do).

In the above configuration, first, the operation of the Hall motor M to generate the Lumi flow will be explained as follows.

The rotor 1n of the Hall motor M is shown in Fig. 1 (F).
When occupying the position shown in (3), the first Hall element 11 outputs a Hall electromotive force in response to the magnetic field formed by the N pole of the rotor 1n, and turns on the first transistor switch 1e in FIG. As shown in Figure 5 (A) I,
A current I+ is passed through the first winding 1a, and the first magnetic pole 1TJ
Se! Excite to.

Thus, the N pole of the rotor 1n in FIG. 4 is attracted to the first magnetic pole 1rJ, and the rotor 1n moves 9 clockwise in the figure.
It rotates by 0° and reaches the state shown in FIG. 5(F) II.

In this state, the second Hall element 1j outputs the Hall electromotive voltage in the same manner as described above, turns on the third transistor switch 1g in FIG. 3, and as shown in FIG. 5(B)H, the third transistor switch 1g is turned on. A current I3 of 1.11 mm is passed through the winding 1C to excite the second magnet i, 1 pft S pole in FIG.
) to reach the state of Ill.

Then, due to the approach of the S pole of the rotor 1n, the first and second Hall elements 1i and 1j respond to the magnetic field formed by the S pole, and perform operations of opposite polarity to those in the above operation. By sequentially outputting the Hall voltage, the transistor switch If
, 1h are turned on sequentially, and the second and fourth windings 1b,
1d, FIG. 5(C) In.

According to the timing shown in (D) IV in the same figure, the current I,...
Through I4, the third and fourth @ poles 1q in Figure 4,
By sequentially exciting the rotor 1r to the S pole, the rotor 1n
is further rotated clockwise to reach the states shown in FIG. 5(F) 1 to 1.

Thereafter, the above operations are performed continuously, and the Hall motor M rotates to drive a water pump (not shown).

However, with regard to such a Hall motor M, when arranging the Hall elements 1i and 1j, consideration has been given to increasing the current conduction angle to each winding as much as possible from the viewpoint of improving efficiency. Thus, there is an overlapping portion in the current 1l-In that sequentially passes through each winding.

To explain in detail, the current I3 begins to flow before the current 11 is completely cut off, creating 9 overlapping parts, and in the same way, there are overlaps between the currents 3 and I2, and between the currents 2 and 4. give rise to parts.

In the overlapping portion of the upper ne currents, the current I passing through the power supply line El increases instantaneously as shown in FIG. 5(E), so that a ripple current is generated in the power supply current.

And, such ripple currents are currents 1, 3, I2
, I4 are sequentially switched, so the frequency of the fundamental wave component is determined corresponding to the rotational speed (RPM) K of the Hall motor M.

Next, the operation of detecting the frequency of the ripple current and cutting off the Hall element drive current will be described as follows based on FIGS. 1 and 6.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms of important parts in the ripple detection section 2 and the frequency-to-voltage conversion section 3.

When a ripple current as shown in FIG. 5(G) passes through the ripple detection resistor 2a, due to the voltage drop, a ripple current appears at both ends of the resistor 2a as shown in FIG. 6(G). A ripple voltage similar to that occurs.

The AC amplifier 2c detects the changing portion of the lip-lumi pressure (
Only the AC component) is extracted by the coupling capacitor 2b, amplified to a level suitable for signal processing, and supplied to the waveform shaping circuit 3a. A waveform shaping circuit 3aFi consisting of a Schmitt circuit, etc., converts the amplified ripple voltage into rIJ and rOJ by considering a specific threshold level.
By discriminating between the positive and negative positions, a trigger pulse is generated that is synchronized with the changing portion of the ripple voltage, as shown in FIG. 6a-1).

The subsequent monostable multipipe lake 3b receives the trigger pulse, shifts to the metastable state "1" for a preset specific metastable time τ, returns to the stable state "0", and returns to the stable state "0". As shown in Figure (I), a pulse train is generated that is synchronized with the changing portion of the ripple voltage. Integrating circuit 3C is
By integrating this pulse train, as shown in FIG. 6(J) a, during the period when the pulse is "1", the integrated voltage is increased at a specific slope, and as shown in FIG. The maximum value is reached at the trailing edge, and then, during the period when the pulse is "0", the integrated voltage is lowered with a specific slope as shown in C of the same figure, and as shown in D of the same figure. , the minimum value is reached at the leading edge of the pulse.

Then, the period of the changing part of the ripple voltage according to the rotation speed of the Hall motor M, in other words, the ripple voltage (current)
When the frequency of the fundamental wave component changes, the period of the pulse train changes in synchronization with this. For example, when the frequency of the fundamental wave component increases, the period of the pulse train shortens as shown in FIG. 6(K). However, since the period in which the pulse is "1" is specified as a fixed value as the metastable time τ of the monostable multivibrator 3b, the pulse: 1. .

The period required for rOJ is shortened.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 6(K)c', the width of the decline in the integrated voltage that decreases at a certain slope during the period when the pulse is "O" decreases, and as shown in Fig. 6(K)c', , the minimum value at the leading edge of the pulse rises, and then rises with a certain slope during the period of immobility τ from such minimum value, as shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 6(J), the maximum value reached at the trailing edge of the pulse is increased compared to the maximum value shown in Figure 6(J)b.

Thus, the maximum value of the integrated voltage output from the integrating circuit 3C, b', is fixed corresponding to the frequency of the fundamental wave component of the ripple voltage (flow), that is, the rotation speed of the Hall motor M. This integrated voltage (maximum value) is supplied to the inverting input terminal of the converter 4 as a rotational speed signal.

On the other hand, the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator 4 is connected to a specific value set by a Zener diode 4b so as to be equal to the value of the rotation speed signal when the Hall motor M reaches a preset upper limit rotation speed. Since the reference voltage is supplied, the comparator 4 compares the magnitude relationship between the rotation speed signal and the reference voltage, and when the rotation speed signal is smaller than the reference voltage, that is, the Hall motor M is below the upper limit rotation speed. When operating at the rotation speed, it outputs "1", and when the rotation speed signal reaches the reference voltage, that is,
When the rotation speed of the Hall motor M reaches the upper limit rotation speed, "O" is output.

According to the operation example explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, this upper limit rotation speed is determined by the voltage corresponding to the operating point p of the operating characteristic curve P± to the rotation speed n8 on the rotation speed curve MQ. As shown, the rotation speed should be set as a specific rotational speed corresponding to the operating range between the operating point p4 in the fully closed state of the pulp and the operating point p5 in the air operation. In addition, aL8 in Figure 1
is the load characteristic line at the operating point p.

Now, returning to FIG. 3, the inversion of the output signal of the comparator 4 from "1" to "0" is supplied as a stop signal to the set terminal of the flip-flop 5a, so the flip-flop 5a outputs "1". is set to memorize the stop process. Thus, the clip-flop 5a continuously outputs "1" as a stop process signal until it is reset,
The potential of the positive phase output terminal X is from the DC power supply T @ #
E'1 becomes equal to the directly supplied power supply voltage, so the potential of the pace of the transistor switch 6a connected to the positive phase output terminal
is slightly higher than the potential of the emitter connected to the DC power supply 1 through the transistor switch 6&, keeping the transistor switch 6& in the off state.

In this state, the supply of the Hall element driving current to the first and second Hall elements 1i and 1j through the power supply line El is cut off, so that the Hall elements 1i and 1j are 1j does not output a Hall electromotive force, and therefore the first to fourth transistor switches 10
~1h, everything is turned off and the Hall motor M stops.

In the recovery operation, when the reset switch 5b is closed and the flip-flop 5a is reset, the potential of the positive-phase output terminal X of the flip-flop 5a becomes the ground potential, and the potential of the positive-phase output terminal Since the pace current is supplied to the switch 6a, the switch 6a is turned on.

Therefore, the first and second Hall elements 1i, 1jKtti,
Transistor switch 6a and resistor 1k in on state.

Since the Hall element driving current is supplied through 11, the Hall elements It, 1j output a Hall electromotive force in response to the magnetic field formed by the rotor 1n. The rotational operation of the Hall motor M is realized.

Incidentally, in the configuration of the above embodiment, the flip-flop 5a
It is optional to provide an alarm display circuit driven by , to visually display that the process storage section 5 has stored the stopped process, thereby improving operational convenience.

As described above, this invention provides the following advantages when operating a water pump:
Power supply to the Hall motor M for driving the diagnostic pump
The rotation speed of the motor is measured based on the ripple current generated during iEl and contains a frequency component corresponding to the rotation speed of the motor, and when the rotation speed reaches a preset upper limit rotation speed. According to the present invention, the DC power supply T1 typically has an operating characteristic curve -Pf such that the output voltage decreases as the load current increases. Load characteristic line L2 using a battery and in the most frequent operating state of the pump system
The operating point p! is determined by intersecting the operating characteristic curve P of the power supply. Even if the rotation speed is selected at a position that intersects with the maximum output 1 disturbance, it is possible to prevent the rotation speed from rising above the preset upper limit rotation speed during air operation.
This has the excellent effect of completely preventing mechanical damage to the shaft sealing device of the water pump system and seizure of the bearing device.

Further, the present invention is configured to measure the rotational speed of the Hall motor M by effectively utilizing ripples generated in the power supply line El as an incidental effect when the Hall motor M rotates. Therefore, there is no need to mechanically attach a sensor to detect the rotation speed of the Hall motor M.
Regarding the measurement of the rotation speed, it is possible to perform signal processing by signal processing the change in the potential at both ends of the ripple detection resistor 2a inserted in the power supply iEl.Therefore, the configuration is W15 moat, which has the effect of being compact. be.

Furthermore, the present invention is configured to stop the rotation by cutting off the Hall element drive current to the Hall element of the motor when the rotation speed of the Hall motor M reaches the upper limit rotation speed. There is, so power is supplied! There is no need to install a large-capacity switch element to cut off the entire current, and it is possible to install a small-capacity switch element to cut off a small amount of Hall element drive current, thus reducing costs. However, in addition to cutting off the Hall element drive current, it also cuts off the current passing through all the stator windings, so it has the effect of not sacrificing power saving in the slightest. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a graph of an operating characteristic curve when power is supplied from a solar cell to a Hall motor, Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating the relationship between supply voltage and rotation speed of a Hall motor, and Fig. 3 and the following are related to embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing its configuration, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the schematic configuration of Hall motor M, and Figure 5 shows the current passing through the stator winding of Hall motor M and the feeder line. FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the interrelationship between the ripple current passing through and the state of the Hall electromotive force. FIG. M... Hall motor 1... Stator section 2... Ripple detection section 3... Frequency to voltage conversion section

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a pumping pump system including a Yamaryu Kangen T, a Hall motor M supplied with power from the power supply, and a pump driven by the Hall motor, the power supplied from the DC type 0T to the Hall motor M is ripple detection means 2 for detecting a ripple current that is contained in the current and has a frequency component corresponding to the rotational speed of the hall motor M;
1J pull detection A frequency-to-voltage conversion means 3 converts the ripple current detected by the hand into an analog voltage corresponding to the frequency of its fundamental wave component and outputs it as a rotational speed signal; A comparator 4 compares the magnitude relationship with a reference voltage corresponding to the set upper limit rotation speed and outputs a stop signal when the rotation speed signal exceeds the reference voltage; , a process storage means 5 for storing the stop process and continuously outputting a stop process signal, and a switch means 6 for cutting off the Hall element driving current of the Hall motor in response to the stop process signal. A protection device for a water pump system consisting of: