JPS5857104B2 - Manufacturing method of pressure fixing toner - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of pressure fixing tonerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5857104B2 JPS5857104B2 JP51025389A JP2538976A JPS5857104B2 JP S5857104 B2 JPS5857104 B2 JP S5857104B2 JP 51025389 A JP51025389 A JP 51025389A JP 2538976 A JP2538976 A JP 2538976A JP S5857104 B2 JPS5857104 B2 JP S5857104B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- long
- chain alkyl
- copolymerized
- toner
- styrene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は静電写真用トナーに関し、更に詳しくは加圧に
よって定着可能な加圧定着性トナーに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrostatic photographic toner, and more particularly to a pressure-fixable toner that can be fixed by pressure.
従来の静電写真用トナーとしては加熱定着性のものが主
に使用されている。As conventional electrostatic photographic toners, heat-fixable toners are mainly used.
この種のトナーは熱可塑性樹脂を主体とするもので、樹
脂を加熱軟化させ、これに着色剤を加えて混練した後、
粉砕して作られる。This type of toner is mainly made of thermoplastic resin, and after softening the resin by heating and kneading it with a coloring agent,
Made by crushing.
しかし加熱定着性トナーを用いる定着法においては次の
ような欠点がある。However, the fixing method using heat-fixable toner has the following drawbacks.
(1)定着装置の温度をトナーの軟化点以上に昇温させ
るために長時間を要する。(1) It takes a long time to raise the temperature of the fixing device above the softening point of the toner.
(2)定着装置の温度をトナーの軟化点以上に保持する
ために大電力を必要とする。(2) A large amount of electric power is required to maintain the temperature of the fixing device above the softening point of the toner.
(3)高速化のため定着装置の温度を過大にすると、コ
ピー紙が焦げたり、最悪の場合には火災の危険性がある
。(3) If the temperature of the fixing device is set too high in order to increase the speed, there is a risk of burning the copy paper or, in the worst case, a fire.
一方、軟化点の低いトナー又は加圧のみによって定着可
能なトナーを用いて定着装置の温度を低くし、高速化を
計る提案もなされている。On the other hand, there have also been proposals to lower the temperature of the fixing device by using toner with a low softening point or toner that can be fixed only by pressure, thereby increasing the speed.
例えば特公昭44−9880号には06〜C25の脂肪
族成分からなる加圧定着性トナー、特開昭48−750
32号、特開昭48−75033号、同48−7893
1号、同48−78936号等には夫々軟質重合体から
なる静電写真用現像剤についての記載があるが、これら
現像剤を従来の粉砕法で作るには
(1)粉砕性の点から脆化点以下の温度に冷凍して粉砕
する必要がある。For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-9880 discloses a pressure-fixable toner comprising an aliphatic component of 06 to C25;
No. 32, JP-A-48-75033, JP-A No. 48-7893
No. 1, No. 48-78936, etc. each contain descriptions of electrostatic photographic developers made of soft polymers, but in order to make these developers using the conventional pulverization method, (1) from the viewpoint of pulverizability; It must be frozen to a temperature below the embrittlement point and then crushed.
(2)この方法で作ったトナーは粒度分布力仏<、分級
によって粒度を揃える必要がある等により製造コストの
上昇を招く上、これらのトナーにおいてOま
(3)製造中又は貯蔵中に凝集、ブリッジ現象、ケーキ
化を生ずる、
(4)キャリヤー粒子と癒着する、
(5)静電潜像保持表面に塗膜状に汚れを生じ、繰返し
使用する場合、問題を生ずる
等の欠点がある。(2) Toners made using this method have a particle size distribution force, which increases manufacturing costs due to the need to make particle sizes uniform through classification, and also causes problems in these toners. (4) adhesion with carrier particles; and (5) formation of a film-like stain on the electrostatic latent image holding surface, which may cause problems when used repeatedly.
本発明は以上の欠点を除去し製造コストの低い圧力定着
性トナーの製造法を提供するものである。The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a method for producing a pressure fixable toner at low production cost.
また本発明は凝もケーキ化等の不都合を生ぜず、従って
静電潜像表面に何らの汚染も与えない圧力定着性トナー
の製造法を提供するものである。Further, the present invention provides a method for producing a pressure fixable toner that does not cause problems such as curdling or caking, and therefore does not cause any contamination on the surface of an electrostatic latent image.
更に本発明は低加圧力でも定着可能な実用的な圧力定着
性トナーの製造法を提供するものである。Furthermore, the present invention provides a practical method for producing a pressure-fixable toner that can be fixed even with a low pressure.
本発明トナーの製造法は重合開始剤を溶解した水溶液に
、軟質重合体を形成し得る疎水性の重合性モノマーを乳
化し、重合(以下第一重合という)させた後、これにフ
ィルム形成性高分子物質を形成し得る重合性モノマー及
び必要あれば水溶性重合開始剤を加え、再び重合(以下
第二重合という)を行なって複合ポリマーラテックスを
調製し、ついでとのポリマーラテックスを噴霧乾燥する
に際し、第一の重合反応系、第二の重合反応系および前
記複合ポリマーラテックスの少なくとも一つに着色剤を
混入することを特徴とするものである。The method for producing the toner of the present invention is to emulsify a hydrophobic polymerizable monomer capable of forming a soft polymer in an aqueous solution containing a polymerization initiator, polymerize it (hereinafter referred to as first polymerization), and then add film-forming properties to the resulting toner. A polymerizable monomer capable of forming a polymer substance and a water-soluble polymerization initiator are added if necessary, polymerization is performed again (hereinafter referred to as "second polymerization") to prepare a composite polymer latex, and then the polymer latex is spray-dried. At this time, a coloring agent is mixed into at least one of the first polymerization reaction system, the second polymerization reaction system, and the composite polymer latex.
この方法により軟質重合体を芯物質とし、フィルム形成
性高分子物質を外壁とし、且つ前記芯物質及び外壁の少
くとも一方に着色剤を含有したカプセルトナーが得られ
る。By this method, a capsule toner can be obtained in which a soft polymer is used as a core material, a film-forming polymer material is used as an outer wall, and a colorant is contained in at least one of the core material and the outer wall.
重合開始剤としては酸化剤と還元剤とからなるレドック
ス開始剤が使用される。As the polymerization initiator, a redox initiator consisting of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent is used.
なおこ\で複合ポリマーラテックスとは第21回(19
72年)及び第24回(1975年)の高分子討論会で
発表されているように2成分以上のポリマーを層状に含
むポリマーラテックスをいう。Naoko\What is composite polymer latex?21st (19th)
1972) and the 24th Polymer Symposium (1975), it refers to a polymer latex containing two or more polymer components in a layered manner.
軟質重合体はこのような複合ポリマー粒子の芯物質を構
成し、前述のように第一重合用の重合性モノマーの乳化
重合によって得られ、常温で加圧接着性を有している。The soft polymer constitutes the core material of such composite polymer particles, is obtained by emulsion polymerization of the polymerizable monomer for the first polymerization as described above, and has pressure adhesive properties at room temperature.
このような軟質重合体としてはオリゴアクリル酸エチル
、オリゴアクリル酸ブチル等のアクリル酸エステルオリ
ゴマー、メタアクリル酸エステルオリゴマー、アクリル
酸と長鎖アルキルアクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー、
アクリル酸と長鎖アルキルアクリレートとの共重合オリ
ゴマー、アクリル酸と長鎖アルキルメタクリレートとの
共重合オリゴマー、メタクリル酸と長鎖アルキルアクリ
レートとの共重合オリゴマーメタクリル酸と長鎖アルキ
ルメタクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー、スチレンと長
鎖アルキルアクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー、スチレ
ンと長鎖アルキルメタクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー
、スチレンとブタジェンとの共重合オリゴマー等が挙げ
らられる。Examples of such soft polymers include acrylic ester oligomers such as oligoethyl acrylate and oligobutyl acrylate, methacrylic ester oligomers, copolymerized oligomers of acrylic acid and long-chain alkyl acrylate,
Copolymerized oligomer of acrylic acid and long-chain alkyl acrylate, copolymerized oligomer of acrylic acid and long-chain alkyl methacrylate, copolymerized oligomer of methacrylic acid and long-chain alkyl acrylate, copolymerized oligomer of methacrylic acid and long-chain alkyl methacrylate , a copolymerized oligomer of styrene and long-chain alkyl acrylate, a copolymerized oligomer of styrene and long-chain alkyl methacrylate, a copolymerized oligomer of styrene and butadiene, and the like.
またフィルム形成性高分子物質は複合ポリマー粒子の外
壁を構成するもので、前述のように第二重合用重合性モ
ノマーの重合によって得られ、軟質重合体とは異なり常
温で加圧接着性を有さない。In addition, the film-forming polymeric substance constitutes the outer wall of the composite polymer particles, and as mentioned above, it is obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer for the second polymerization, and unlike soft polymers, it has adhesive properties under pressure at room temperature. I don't.
このような高分子物質としてはポリスチレン、スチレン
ルアクリレート共重合体、スチレンルビニルエーテル共
重合体、スチレン−アクリロニトリル共重合体、スチレ
ン−ハロ共電化ビニリデン共重合体、ポリ酢酸ビニル又
はこれらの2元又は3元共重合体等のビニル系重合体又
は共重合体が使用できる。Examples of such polymeric substances include polystyrene, styrene acrylate copolymer, styrene rubinyl ether copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-halo-coelectrovinylidene copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, or their binary or Vinyl polymers or copolymers such as terpolymers can be used.
また着色剤としてはカーボンブラック等の顔料や染料が
使用される。Pigments and dyes such as carbon black are used as colorants.
芯物質の含有量はトナーに対し20〜80重量%、好ま
しくは45〜55重量%が適当である。The content of the core material is suitably 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, based on the toner.
20重量%以下の場合、加圧定着性が悪くなり、80重
量%以上になると造粒性が悪くなる。If it is less than 20% by weight, pressure fixing properties will be poor, and if it is more than 80% by weight, granulation properties will be poor.
なお着色剤の含有量については特に限定されない。Note that the content of the colorant is not particularly limited.
本発明方法によれば乳化重合によって得られた軟質重合
体表面に重合性モノマーを重合させるので均一な粒度の
カプセルトナーが得られ、このため従来のような冷凍粉
砕、分級の必要がなく、製造コストが安くつく上、軟質
物質を完全にカプセル被覆して隔離することができるの
で、貯蔵中、使用中等で凝集、ブリッジ現象、ケーキ化
、キャリヤー粒子との癒着、静電潜像保持面の汚染等を
生じることはないし、また低加圧力で破壊定着できるカ
プセルトナーが得られる。According to the method of the present invention, since a polymerizable monomer is polymerized on the surface of a soft polymer obtained by emulsion polymerization, a capsule toner with a uniform particle size can be obtained. In addition to being inexpensive, the soft material can be completely encapsulated and isolated, which prevents agglomeration, bridging, caking, adhesion with carrier particles, and contamination of the electrostatic latent image holding surface during storage and use. In addition, a capsule toner that can be destructively fixed with low pressure can be obtained.
しかも本発明方法は乳化工程から噴霧乾燥工程まで全て
水系で行なわれるので、有機溶剤を用いる方法に比べて
防爆装置、溶剤回収等、溶剤処理に伴なう諸問題がなく
、製造コストの点で有利である。Furthermore, since the process of the present invention is carried out entirely in an aqueous system from the emulsification process to the spray drying process, there are no problems associated with solvent treatment, such as explosion-proof equipment, solvent recovery, etc., compared to methods using organic solvents, and production costs are reduced. It's advantageous.
以下に実施例を示す。Examples are shown below.
実施例 1
過硫酸カリ1.08 ?、チオ硫酸ナトリウム水和物i
、ooy、硫酸鋼0.0031’を溶解した水溶液80
0R1を70〜75℃に加温し、攪拌しながらブチルア
クリレ−)51’を加え乳化重合を行なった。Example 1 Potassium persulfate 1.08? , sodium thiosulfate hydrate i
, ooy, aqueous solution containing 0.0031' of sulfuric acid steel 80
0R1 was heated to 70 to 75°C, and emulsion polymerization was performed by adding butyl acrylate 51' while stirring.
重合終了後、スチレン50S’を加え、再び乳化重合を
行なって複合ポリマーラテックスを調製した。After the polymerization was completed, styrene 50S' was added and emulsion polymerization was performed again to prepare a composite polymer latex.
ついでこの複合ポリマーラテックスに乳化剤及び水分散
性カーボンブラック(米国コロンビアカーボン社製コロ
イデツクスA5 ) 10 Yを加え、均一に分散して
スラリーとした後、ニロアトマイザーを用いて入口温度
135℃、出口温度85°C1噴霧圧力(コンプレッサ
ーの圧力として) 5.6 kg/crAの条件で前記
スラリーを噴霧乾燥し、外壁にカーボンブラックを含有
した圧力定着性トナーを得た。Next, an emulsifier and water-dispersible carbon black (Colloidex A5, manufactured by Columbia Carbon Co., USA) 10 Y were added to this composite polymer latex, and after uniformly dispersing it to form a slurry, it was heated to an inlet temperature of 135°C and an outlet temperature of 85°C using a Niro atomizer. The slurry was spray-dried at a spray pressure of 5.6 kg/crA (as compressor pressure) to obtain a pressure-fixable toner containing carbon black on the outer wall.
実施例 2
実施例1においてスチレンの代りにスチレン/ブチルメ
タクリレ−)=7/3(モル比)の混合物を用いて同様
な方法で圧力定着性トナーを得た。Example 2 A pressure fixable toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of styrene/butyl methacrylate (mole ratio)=7/3 was used instead of styrene.
実施例 4
過硫酸カリ1.01’、チオ硫酸ナトリウム1、OOグ
、硫酸銅0.0036fを溶解した水溶液80omA’
を攪拌し、これにラウリルアクリレート50グを加え乳
化重合を行なった。Example 4 An aqueous solution containing 1.01' potassium persulfate, 1 sodium thiosulfate, OOg, and 0.0036 f copper sulfate at 80 omA'
was stirred, and 50 g of lauryl acrylate was added thereto to perform emulsion polymerization.
重合終了後、過硫酸カリ0.216P及びスチレン50
グを同時に加え、再び乳化重合を行なって複合ポリマー
ラテックスとし、以下実施例1と同様に処理して圧力定
着性トナーを得た。After polymerization, potassium persulfate 0.216P and styrene 50P
Then, emulsion polymerization was carried out again to obtain a composite polymer latex, which was then treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pressure fixable toner.
実施例 5
実施例4においてスチレンの代りにスチレン/ブチルメ
タクリレ−)=7/3(モル比)の混合物を用いて同様
な方法で圧力定着性トナーを得た。Example 5 A pressure fixable toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a mixture of styrene/butyl methacrylate (mole ratio) = 7/3 was used instead of styrene.
以上のようにして得られた各実施例のトナーを用いて市
販の電子写真感光材料に形成された静電潜像を現像、転
写後、鋼製圧力可変型定着ローラーで定着を行なったと
ころ、3,3〜3.8 kg/muの圧力で鮮明な定着
画像を得た。An electrostatic latent image formed on a commercially available electrophotographic material using the toner of each example obtained as described above was developed and transferred, and then fixed using a variable pressure steel fixing roller. A clear fixed image was obtained at a pressure of 3.3 to 3.8 kg/mu.
なおこれらのトナーはいずれも凝集性が低く、流動性に
すぐれていた。Note that all of these toners had low cohesiveness and excellent fluidity.
一方、比較のため特開昭48−75032号の実施例に
記載された方法に従ってトナーを作成した。On the other hand, for comparison, a toner was prepared according to the method described in Examples of JP-A-48-75032.
即ち容量比4:3のクロロホルム−シクロヘキサン混合
溶媒45CH;’にポリスチレン(米国ダウケミカル社
製PS−2)24r及びフェノール−ホルムアルデヒド
樹脂(米国ユニオンカーバイド社製ERLB −044
9) 24 Pを溶解し、樹脂の混合溶液を調製した。That is, chloroform-cyclohexane mixed solvent 45CH in a volume ratio of 4:3; polystyrene (PS-2 manufactured by Dow Chemical Company, USA) 24r and phenol-formaldehyde resin (ERLB-044 manufactured by Union Carbide Company, USA).
9) 24 P was dissolved to prepare a resin mixed solution.
この溶液にカーボンブラック(米国コロンビアカーボン
社製ピアレス155)2.5Pを添加し、ホモミキサー
で均一に分散した。2.5 P of carbon black (Peerless 155, manufactured by Columbia Carbon Co., USA) was added to this solution and uniformly dispersed with a homomixer.
次にこの分散液をニロアトマイザーを用いて入口温度6
8℃、出口温度53℃、コンプレッサー圧力6kg/c
wtの条件で噴霧乾燥して比較用圧力定着性トナーを得
た。Next, this dispersion was heated using a Niro atomizer at an inlet temperature of 6.
8℃, outlet temperature 53℃, compressor pressure 6kg/c
A comparative pressure fixing toner was obtained by spray drying under wt conditions.
以下実施例1と同様な方法で定着を行なったが、7、5
kg/mmの圧力で不鮮明な定着画像しか形成できな
かった。Below, fixing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.
Only a vague fixed image could be formed at a pressure of kg/mm.
なおトナー粒子は凝集する傾向を示した。Note that the toner particles showed a tendency to aggregate.
Claims (1)
し得る疎水性の重合性モノマーを乳化し、第一重合反応
させた後、これにフィルム形成性高分子物質を形成し得
る重合性モノマーを加え、第二重合反応を行なって複合
ポリマーラテックスを調製し、ついでこのポリマーラテ
ックスを噴霧乾燥するに際し、前記第一重合反応系、第
二重合反応系及び複合ポリマーラテックスの少くとも1
つに着色剤を混入することを特徴とする加圧定着性トナ
ーの製造法。 2 軟質重合体がアクリル酸エステルオリゴマーメタク
リル酸エステルオリゴマー、アクリル酸と長鎖アルキル
アクリレートとの共重合オリゴマーアクリル酸と長鎖ア
ルキルメタクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー、メタクリ
ル酸と長鎖アルキルアクリレートとの共重合オリゴマー
、メタクリル酸と長鎖アルキルメタクリレートとの共重
合オリゴマー、スチレンと長鎖アルキルアクリレートと
の共重合オリゴマー、スチレンと長鎖アルキルメタクリ
レートとの共重合オリゴマー及びスチレンとブタジェン
との共重合オリゴマーよりなる群から選ばれた1種であ
る特許請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。 3 フィルム形成性高分子物質がビニル系ポリマーであ
l許請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の方法。[Claims] 1. A hydrophobic polymerizable monomer capable of forming a soft polymer is emulsified in an aqueous solution in which a polymerization initiator is dissolved, and after a first polymerization reaction is carried out, a film-forming polymeric substance is added to this. When adding a polymerizable monomer capable of forming a polymer and performing a second polymerization reaction to prepare a composite polymer latex, and then spray drying this polymer latex, the first polymerization reaction system, the second polymerization reaction system, and the composite polymer latex at least 1 of
A method for producing a pressure-fixable toner, which comprises mixing a colorant into a toner. 2 The soft polymer is an acrylic ester oligomer, a methacrylic ester oligomer, a copolymerized oligomer of acrylic acid and a long-chain alkyl acrylate, a copolymerized oligomer of acrylic acid and a long-chain alkyl methacrylate, a copolymerized oligomer of methacrylic acid and a long-chain alkyl acrylate A group consisting of oligomers, copolymerized oligomers of methacrylic acid and long-chain alkyl methacrylate, copolymerized oligomers of styrene and long-chain alkyl acrylate, copolymerized oligomers of styrene and long-chain alkyl methacrylate, and copolymerized oligomers of styrene and butadiene. The method according to claim 1, which is one selected from. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the film-forming polymeric substance is a vinyl polymer.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51025389A JPS5857104B2 (en) | 1976-03-09 | 1976-03-09 | Manufacturing method of pressure fixing toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51025389A JPS5857104B2 (en) | 1976-03-09 | 1976-03-09 | Manufacturing method of pressure fixing toner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS52108134A JPS52108134A (en) | 1977-09-10 |
JPS5857104B2 true JPS5857104B2 (en) | 1983-12-19 |
Family
ID=12164511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51025389A Expired JPS5857104B2 (en) | 1976-03-09 | 1976-03-09 | Manufacturing method of pressure fixing toner |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5857104B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10959933B1 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-03-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH skin care composition and methods of using the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5664349A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-06-01 | Canon Inc | Encapsulated toner for development |
SE447032B (en) * | 1981-12-10 | 1986-10-20 | Casco Nobel Ab | TONARY PARTICLES AND PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCING THE TONARY PARTICLES |
JPH07246330A (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1995-09-26 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Production of microcapsule, microencapsulated toner and its production |
-
1976
- 1976-03-09 JP JP51025389A patent/JPS5857104B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10959933B1 (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2021-03-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH skin care composition and methods of using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS52108134A (en) | 1977-09-10 |
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