JPS5855408B2 - Pyrolysis equipment for municipal waste, etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a two-unit circulation type pyrolysis system for recovering gas, oil, etc. by pyrolysis using a pyrolysis furnace and an incinerator when treating solid organic matter such as urban dust. It is related to the device.

In general, in the two-unit circulation pyrolysis method, heat carrier particles such as sand are circulated between a pyrolysis furnace and a combustion furnace, and the amount of heat required for the endothermic reaction when pyrolyzing organic matter is absorbed into the pyrolysis generated char. This is a method of supplementing with heat carrier particles heated by combustion of pyrolysis, etc., and has the great advantage of preventing combustion gas from being mixed into the gas produced by pyrolysis, and making it possible to obtain high-calorie gas without using expensive oxygen gas. It is known that there is.

This two-unit circulation pyrolysis method is often used for tartarking conventional petroleum, but when targeting urban areas, it is easy to extract coarse inorganic solids such as glass and metals from raw materials. There is a need to.

In addition, as a method for coal and municipal waste, as shown in Figure 3, a fluidized bed for thermal decomposition and a spouted bed furnace for combustion have been developed.
1 and a gas ejection pipe 33, 43 at the bottom of each spouted bed and a riser pipe 3 opening opposite to these.
There is a method in which solid particle storage tanks 32 and 42 each having a jet lifting mechanism constituted by 4.44 are provided, and the solid particles are blown up by jet gas to form a spouted bed 35.45. Compared to the so-called fluidized bed method, which forms a fluidized bed on a perforated plate, the amount of gas required for fluidization is large, which not only consumes power, but also causes uneven bed temperature. fluidization is extremely active, but fluidization is slow in the wall surface area, so that the raw material supplied from the solid raw material supply port 4o on the wall surface tends to be insufficiently diffused.

Furthermore, the basic problem with the two-unit spouted bed system is that since it has two jet pumping mechanisms that regulate the circulation flow rate of heat carrier particles, control over fluctuations in the amount of fluidizing gas becomes complicated. A cold model test revealed that it lacked stability significantly.

In addition, regarding extraction of coarse solids such as glass metals from garbage, since they are affected by the jet action of the jet pumping mechanism in the solid particle storage tanks 32 and 42, the coarse solids are easily moved together with the heat carrier particles and discharged. In order to extract the coarse solids from the pipes 36 and 46, it is necessary to extract them together with the heat transfer medium particles, which is a drawback that is extremely disadvantageous in terms of continuous operation.

The present invention aims to accurately eliminate these conventional drawbacks, and is unique to the two-unit circulation thermal decomposition method that collectively thermally decomposes urban waste containing bulky inorganic solids such as glass and metals. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pyrolysis apparatus which solves the above problems, has good controllability, is simple, and enables stable continuous operation.

The present invention includes a pyrolysis furnace, a combustion furnace, and a solid particle storage tank for temporarily storing heat medium solid particles, and the pyrolysis furnace includes a gas distribution plate at the bottom and a gas chamber partitioned downward by the gas distribution plate. A fluidized bed furnace for pyrolysis is equipped, and the storage tank has a gas ejection pipe having a gas ejection port for ejecting gas upward therein, and a lower end thereof is open opposite to the gas ejection port. The combustion furnace is equipped with a jet flow pumping mechanism that is connected to a riser pipe, and the riser pipe is connected to the lower part of the combustion furnace to form a combustion spouted bed furnace,
A gas distribution plate that partitions a gas chamber in the pyrolysis fluidized bed or in the storage tank has an inclined surface, and a coarse solid discharge pipe is connected to the lowest part of the gas distribution plate, and the gas This is a thermal decomposition apparatus for municipal waste, etc., characterized in that fluidizing gas is supplied to the chamber and the coarse solid discharge pipe, respectively.

The present invention will be described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a pyrolysis furnace, a combustion furnace, and a solid particle storage tank 8 for temporarily storing heat medium solid particles. A pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6 includes a perforated plate 1 and a gas chamber 3 defined below by the perforated plate 1, and the storage tank 8
is equipped therein with a jet flow pumping mechanism consisting of a gas ejection pipe 9 having a gas ejection port for ejecting gas upward, and a riser pipe 10 whose lower end is open opposite to the gas ejection port,
The combustion furnace has a riser pipe 1o connected to its lower part to form a combustion spouted bed furnace 12.

In this embodiment, both the pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6 and the storage tank 8 are provided with conical perforated plates 1 and 14 as dispersion plates having inclined surfaces, and gas chambers 3 and 23, and both are equipped with fluidized bed However, the fluidized bed may be only the pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6.

The pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6 is provided with a gas distribution plate, for example, a conical perforated plate 1, in its lower part, and a gas chamber 3 is partitioned in the lower part.
A coarse solid discharge pipe 2 is communicated with the lowest part of the conical perforated plate 1, and a fluidizing gas is supplied to the lower gas chamber 3 of the conical perforated plate 1 and the coarse solid discharge pipe 2 through pipes 5 and 4, respectively. (2) is supplied, and a fluidized bed 7 made of heat medium particles such as sand is formed.

As the fluidizing gas I, generated gas is recirculated or an inert gas such as water vapor is used.

The pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6 is equipped with a hopper 21 for charging waste and a supply device 22 which are opened at a certain position of the fluidized bed T, and an outlet 19 for the generated gas (1) provided at the top. The combustion spouted bed furnace 12 and the solid particle storage tank 8 are connected through pipes a and b for moving solid particles, and the coarse solid discharge pipe 2 is provided with a double discharge valve 17.

On the other hand, a gas dispersion plate such as a conical perforated plate 14 or an inclined perforated plate is provided at the lower part of the solid particle storage tank 8, as in the fluidized bed furnace 6, and a double discharge valve 18 is provided at the lowest part of the conical perforated plate 14. The coarse solid discharge pipe 13 is communicated with the conical perforated plate 14.
A fluidizing gas (2) is supplied to the lower gas chamber 23 and the coarse solid discharge pipe 13 through pipes 16 and 15, respectively, so that the area directly above the conical porous plate 14 is fluidized.

The fluidizing gas (2) is air or a mixed gas in which a part of the combustion exhaust gas is mixed into the air. The mixed solid particles of heat carrier particles and generated char formed by the jet pumping mechanism form a jet tank 11, and in this process, the heat heated by the combustion of the char is It is constructed as a combustion spouted bed furnace 12 in which the medium particles are fed to the lower part of the pyrolysis fluidized bed 1 via line a.

The relationship between the pipes a and b and the supply device 22 is as follows.
As shown in the figure, the pipes a and b are isolated from each other, and are connected in the cutting line direction of the fluidized bed furnace 6 to generate a swirling flow in the heat medium particles to prevent short circuits of the heat medium particles.
It is effective to make the pipe 2 close to the pipe a.

Further, as the gas distribution plate, the conical porous plates 1 and 14
Instead, a pyramid-shaped or other perforated plate may be used, or a flat perforated plate with an arbitrary angle of inclination may be used, and a coarse solid discharge pipe may be provided at the bottom of this gas dispersion plate. can.

Moreover, the perforated plate can also be in the form of a gas distribution plate equipped with a large number of valve caps or tee-shaped pipe nozzles to prevent heat transfer particles from falling into the lower gas chamber.

Furthermore, when the column diameter of the fluidized bed furnace or solid particle storage tank is large, it is reasonable to provide a plurality of coarse solid discharge pipes.

In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes an exhaust gas outlet, which is provided at the upper part of the combustion spouted bed furnace 12.

24 is the furnace wall surface, 25, 26° 27. 28, 29 are gas flow rate adjustment valves, a', b' are solid particle transfer pipes, 36.4
6 is a coarse solid discharge pipe 37, 47 is a generated gas and combustion gas outlet, 38 is a raw material hopper, and 39 is a raw material supply device, respectively.

Municipal waste, etc., is supplied to the fluidized bed 7 of the pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace 6 through the hopper 21 and the supply device 22, but the organic matter in the supplied municipal waste is thermally decomposed and the generated gas
The char is collected through the outlet 19, and the char falls into the solid particle storage tank 8 through the pipe line together with the heat transfer particles, while inorganic coarse solids such as glass and metals and coarse solids formed during the flow and become solid lumps are collected. falls over the inclined surface of the conical perforated plate 1 and down the coarse solid discharge pipe 2.

At this time, the small-diameter heat transfer particles are blown up by the upward gas flow supplied through the pipe line 4 and only the coarse solids fall without falling, which can be easily extracted by the double discharge valve 17. .

Further, in the solid particle storage tank 8, the mixed solid particles of the heat transfer medium particles and the generated char are blown up by the jet pumping mechanism constituted by the gas jet pipe 9 and the riser pipe 10.
The heating medium particles heated by combustion of the char during this process are supplied to the lower part of the pyrolysis fluidized bed 7 through the pipe a.

As mentioned above, most of the coarse solids can be extracted through the coarse solid discharge pipe 2, but some of the coarse solids with a relatively small particle size and low specific gravity float up the fluidized bed and pass through the pipe provided above the fluidized bed. In this case, too, the coarse solids fall through the fluidized bed formed directly above the conical perforated plate 14 and fall down the coarse solids discharge pipe 13 , and the solid particles reach the solid particle storage tank 8 through the pipe 15 . By the upward gas flow supplied through the gas flow, small-sized heat transfer particles are blown up and only the coarse solids can be extracted by the double discharge valve 18 without falling, thus efficiently removing solid organic matter from urban areas, etc. It becomes possible to efficiently recover gas, oil, etc. through thermal decomposition.

The coarse solids may be discharged from either the pyrolysis fluidized bed 6 or the storage tank 8.

The storage tank 8 has a higher temperature, higher pressure, and a smaller amount of harmful pyrolysis gas, and is easier and safer to seal.

As described above, since the present invention can easily extract coarse solids, it not only solves various problems in the thermal decomposition disposal of urban areas containing coarse inorganic solids such as glass and metals, but also There is only one jet pumping mechanism that regulates the amount of particle circulation, making it easy to control fluctuations in the amount of fluidizing gas, and even as a result of cold model experiments, pipe a
, b gas blow-through is less likely to occur and stable continuous operation is possible, and since thermal decomposition is carried out in a fluidized bed, the amount of fluidizing gas is small compared to a spouted bed, and the temperature in the bed is uniform, which improves transmission. Not only does thermal properties become better, but fluidization is evenly performed near the wall surface of the fluidized bed furnace, which provides many benefits such as sufficient diffusion of the raw material supplied from the supply device 22, as well as a reduction in the number of fluidized heat transfer medium particles. Automatic cleaning will also be introduced, which will greatly contribute to pollution prevention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway plan view taken along line CC in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cutaway side view of a conventional example. 1... Conical perforated plate, 2... Discharge pipe,
3...Gas chamber, 4,5...Pipeline, 6.
...Fluidized bed furnace, 7...Fluidized bed, 8...
...Storage tank, 9...Gas ejection pipe, 10...
... Riser pipe, 11 ... Jet tank, 12 ...
... Entrained bed furnace for combustion, 13 ... Discharge pipe, 14
... Conical perforated plate, 15, 16 ... Pipe line, 17 ... Double discharge valve, 18 ... Double discharge valve, 19 ... ... Outlet of generated gas ■, 21
...hopper, 22 ...supply device, 23
...Lower gas chamber, 24...Furnace wall surface, 2
5, 26. 27.28.29... Gas flow rate adjustment valve, 31.
...Spouted bed furnace for pyrolysis, 32,42...
solid particle storage tank, 33, 43... gas ejection pipe,
34, 44... riser pipe, 35, 45...
... Spouted bed, 36, 46... Coarse solid discharge pipe, 37... Produced gas outlet, 38...
・Raw material hopper, 39...Raw material supply device, 40.
. . . Solid raw material supply port, 41 . . . Combustion spouted bed furnace, 47 . . . Combustion gas outlet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis furnace, and a solid particle storage tank for temporarily storing heat medium solid particles, and between the pyrolysis furnace and the storage tank, and between the combustion furnace and the pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a gas distribution plate at the lower part and a gas chamber partitioned downward by the gas distribution plate to form a pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace, and the storage tank and The combustion furnace is equipped with a jet pumping mechanism consisting of a gas ejection pipe having a gas ejection port for ejecting gas upward, and a riser pipe whose lower end is open opposite to the gas ejection port. The riser pipe is connected to the lower part to form a combustion spouted bed furnace, and the gas distribution plate in the pyrolysis fluidized bed furnace has an inclined surface, and the coarse solid is placed at the bottom of the gas distribution plate. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus for municipal waste, etc., characterized in that a discharge pipe is connected to the gas chamber and a fluidizing gas is supplied to the coarse solid discharge pipe, respectively. 2 A pyrolysis furnace, a combustion furnace, and a solid particle storage tank for temporarily storing heat medium solid particles, and pipes are provided between the pyrolysis furnace and the storage tank, and between the combustion furnace and the pyrolysis furnace, respectively. The pyrolysis furnace is provided with a gas distribution plate at the lower part and a gas chamber divided downwardly by the gas distribution plate to form a fluidized bed furnace for pyrolysis, and the storage tank is provided with a gas chamber in which the gas is directed upwardly. The combustion furnace is equipped with a jet flow pumping mechanism including a gas ejection pipe having a gas ejection port that ejects gas at the bottom thereof, and a riser pipe whose lower end is open opposite to the gas ejection port, are connected to form a combustion spouted bed furnace, the storage tank is provided with a gas distribution plate having an inclined surface, a storage tank gas chamber is provided below the gas distribution plate, and a gas distribution chamber is provided at the bottom of the gas distribution plate. A pyrolysis apparatus for municipal waste, etc., characterized in that a storage tank coarse solid discharge pipe is connected to the storage tank coarse solid discharge pipe, and fluidizing gas is supplied to each of the gas chamber, the storage tank gas chamber, and the storage tank coarse solid discharge pipe.