JPS5851284A - Fluid pump - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prolong the service life of a pump used for circulating muddy water or the like, by increasing the wear resistance of the inner surface of a cylinder with which a piston is kept in sliding contact. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder liner 1 made of a high alloy steel is quenched and temperature and high-frequency quenching is applied to the inner surface of the cylinder liner 1, so that the inner surface is imparted with a hardness Hv of about 500-550. Then, a hardened film having a thickness of about 10mum is formed over the inner surface of the liner 1 by effecting vacuum spraying by a vacuum spraying means under the condition of the degree of vacuum of about 5X10<-4>Torr and using TiC as a vapor source. By using the liner thus obtained for continuous circulation of well evacuating muddy water under the condition of a stroke number of about 150SPM, it was found that the service life of the cylinder liner is about 2,000hr.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a fluid pump that draws in and delivers fluid by actuation of a piston within a cylinder.

Pumps include reciprocating pumps that move a piston back and forth within a cylinder, rotary pumps, diaphragm pumps, and gear pumps.

Among these, the reciprocating 71g fluid pump has a horizontal type that moves the piston forward in a cylinder formed with one female [7] in the cylinder block, and a horizontal type that moves the piston forward in the cylinder block, and a cylinder block that has a cylinder with a cylinder block and a cylinder that moves the piston forward. I'A'', which makes the piston fully reciprocate along the inner surface, etc., etc.

On the other hand, when drilling wells for the purpose of extracting natural resources such as oil and gas, recovering geothermal heat, etc., whether on land or at sea, it is necessary to carry out drilling waste, cool the drilling floor, and clean the well walls. muddy water and F for the protection of oil, gas, steam, etc.
The direct connection is to use the I & Chin pump (Matsudo pump). In addition, in order to prevent the well from collapsing after drilling, cement milk is press-fitted between the casing and the well well to solidify it.
A pump (grout pump) is often used.

As these pumps, reciprocating type pumps are mainly used, and for example, those having the schematic structure shown in the attached drawings are used. That is, in the figure, 1 is a cylinder body, 2 is a cylinder liner fixed to 1 ml by a bolt 6 in the cylinder body 1, 4 is a piston that reciprocates within the cylinder liner 2 by a crank mechanism (not shown), and 5 is a compression coil spring 6. The valve body 8 is always pressed against the valve seat 7a of the pump main body 7 and constitutes the suction valve together with the valve seat 7a, and the valve body 8 is constantly pressed against the valve seat 7b of the pump main body 7 by the compression coil spring 9 and together with the valve W7b. This is a valve body that constitutes a feed valve. Then, when the piston 4 moves to the right in the figure, the valve body 5 separates from the valve seat 7a, opening the suction valve, and muddy water, cement milk, etc. are sucked in. Next, when the piston 4 moves to the left in the figure, the suction valve closes and the valve body 8 moves to the valve seat 7b.
A feed valve separate from the feed valve sends out the muddy water, cement milk, etc., and the reciprocating movement of the piston 4 continuously sucks and feeds the water. In addition, in the case of a mud water pump, not only the circulation of underground mud water, but also the circulation of mud water according to the various points mentioned above. l Various fine minerals such as pallite, bentonite, and chillinite are added as additives. Therefore, the large diameter particles contained in the muddy water taken out from Toshita (8) are removed by a filter, but the first grains enter the pump cylinder (cylinder liner 2) together with the muddy water, and are pumped by the piston 4. cylinder A-
(There is a very high risk of damage to the surface.Also, the same is true for general conveyance of cement milk. Considering the perforation resistance of the cylinder wall surface, it means that an extremely harsh medium is being forced to be conveyed. Become. Furthermore, these pumping media have a specific gravity, and since such muddy water is pumped through a trench several thousand meters underground, the pumping capacity is several 18 r'Kf/an 2° stroke or around several 6 strokes/min. Since it is operated at high speed, the presence of small particles and the presence of fine particles on the inner surface of the cylinder:
It wears out very quickly, and its service life is extremely short.

To solve this problem, a cylinder liner is installed inside the cylinder block, and this cylinder liner is replaced as needed. In this case as well, various measures are taken to improve the wear resistance of the cylinder liner, such as carburizing and nitriding.

Surface hardening treatments such as plating are often performed, but in the conventional case, the wear resistance is not sufficient especially against fluids containing fine particles such as muddy water, cement, and milk, and the service life is around 200 hours. It had the disadvantage of being

This invention was made by focusing on the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and it is possible to significantly improve the wear resistance of the inner surface of the cylinder on which the piston slides, thereby increasing the service life of the fluid pump. It is intended to.

This invention relates to a pump that sucks in and delivers fluid by piston operation within a cylinder, and in which the cylinder block itself of the pump is inside the cylinder, or when the wall is used, a cylinder liner is installed on the inner surface of the cylinder, or on the cylinder block. When installing, on the inner surface of the cylinder liner,
It is characterized in that a single layer or a plurality of cured films are formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) of a wear resistance improving substance.

As a wear resistance improving substance, Tie Zr e Ht
■ in the periodic table of elements such as vV, Nl), Ta, etc.
group and vIAO gold (4 nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides alone or in mixtures, etc., specifically 'rtN*
Tt2N+Tic I TiC2g ZrN # Hf
N y vCHNbCH'rac There is an older sister, and also,
Group Il and ■ in the periodic table of elements such as n, Az, si, etc.
There are single or mixtures of metals, semimetals, and semiconductors of the group, specifically BN and BC.

There are Az2o3t 5t2o, y51BN4, etc.
In addition, there are also single or mixtures of nitrides, carbides, and carbonitrides belonging to the @ group in the periodic table of elements such as Cr, Mo, and -V, and the four elements include WC, Cr, C8, and c.
There are r23c6°MOS #Show 2, etc.

When forming such a wear resistance improving substance on the surface, it may be coated on the inner surface of the cylinder (liner), but it is also desirable to harden the inner surface of the cylinder in advance. For example, ■ High-strength steel or low alloy steel fully quenched and tempered E7 and then internally tfit high 1 wave quenched to give wear resistance, ■ Low alloy steel quenched and tempered 17
Afterwards, the inner iω is treated with hard chromium plating to give it wear resistance, ■ High carbon high chromium cast iron etc. is quenched and tempered to give it full wear resistance, ■ The inner and outer layers are completely coated by centrifugal casting. A hardening material or a wear-resistant material is cast into the inner layer side, and if necessary, heat treatment is applied to give the inner surface full wear resistance. Prepare an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder made of different materials, and The inner surface is made of wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant material, and the outer cylinder is made of tough metal, and both eyes are assembled by shrink-fitting or cold-fitting.
By coating the inner surface of the cylinder with a wear-resistant material, a cylinder (liner) with even better characteristics can be obtained.

When coating the inner surface of the cylinder with the abrasion-resistant material, it is preferable to use a physical vapor deposition method. This physical vapor deposition method includes vacuum evaporation, ion blating, and sputtering, and it is possible to uniformly apply a cured film with high adhesion to the inner surface of the cylinder, regardless of whether it is made of metal or non-metallic material. . That is, according to the physical vapor deposition method, the processing temperature is relatively low (room temperature to 500°C).
Even if the inner surface of the cylinder is surface-hardened in advance by heat treatment or galvanizing, as mentioned above, it is possible to prevent the softening of the inner surface of the cylinder, and the cured film can be completely formed. The hardness is also Hv1500~22
00, which is very high and has excellent wear resistance5, and the layering property with the base is good, and the thin film thickness forms a strong film, especially in muddy water and cement. This significantly contributes to improving the wear resistance of the inner surface of the cylinder of a pump that sucks and delivers fluid containing fine particles such as milk.

Note that the cured film is not necessarily limited to a single layer, and it is of course possible to form only one trace, and when forming multiple layers, it is also possible to change the materials and characteristics of each layer as appropriate.

Example 1 A cylindrical seaweed was made from shrinkage alloy steel. Afterwards, the cylindrical body was quenched and tempered, and the inner surface was further induction hardened so that the inward hardness was Hv = 500 to 550. did. Next, install this cylindrical air-steam device i+', and set the conditions:
-, 9, -- vacuum evaporation was performed using TiC as an evaporation source to create a cylinder liner in which a cured film with a thickness of 10 Pm was entirely formed on the inner surface of the cylinder.

Next, the above-mentioned cylinder liner 2 was attached to the cylinder body 1 of the fluid pump shown in the figure, and the continuous circulation of muddy water for oil well-'rAtA MIJ was performed with an OSPM row 1 cow with a stroke number of 15. The service life of the cylinder liner 2 was confirmed. is about 20
It was 00 hours.

Example 2 A cylindrical body was made of low alloy steel, then quenched and tempered, and the inner surface was further plated with hard 1m chromium. Next, this cylindrical body was attached to a vacuum evaporation device, and vacuum evaporation was performed using TTC as an evaporation source at a vacuum degree of 5 × 10' Torr to form a cured film with a thickness of 10 μm on the inner surface of the cylindrical body. It was created. Then, when tested in the same manner as in Example 1, the service life was approximately 2000 hours.

Example 3 A cylindrical body was made of high carbon interchromium cast iron, and then a quenching temper 7 was applied to the cylindrical body. Next, this cylindrical body was attached to a sputtering device, and the vacuum level was 5 x 10-3To.
A cylinder liner was prepared in which a hardened IlQ film with a thickness of 1 pm was formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical body by sputtering using the target material under the conditions of application of 'fliFE5KV'. Then, when tested in the same manner as in Example 1, the service life was approximately 3000 hours.

Example 4 The outside of the cylindrical body 11 was made from a medium carbon material by centrifugal casting.
After forming the 11th part, the inner part of the cylindrical body (1111th part) was formed using high carbon high chromium cast iron as a raw material, and the cylindrical body was heat-treated.Then, this cylindrical body was attached to the ion brating device d. , empty IJ5X10''l'o
rr, BN as an evaporation source under the condition of applied voltage -4KV
A cylinder liner in which a cured film with a thickness of 1 μm was formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical body was prepared by performing ion blating using E. Then, when it was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, its useful life was about 3000 hours.

Example 5 After an outer cylinder was made of low alloy steel, the outer cylinder was quenched and tempered, and an inner cylinder to be fitted to the outer cylinder was made of high alloy steel, and then the inner cylinder was On the other hand, a cylindrical body was created by breaking down the quenched and tempered cylinders and completely cooling and tight-fitting the two cylinders. Next, attach this face piece to the vacuum evaporation device 1, and put it in a vacuum for 5 minutes.
Ti as an evaporation source under the condition of X 10' Torr
Vacuum evaporation is performed using C to create a film thickness of 10 μm on the inner surface of the cylinder.
A cylinder liner with a cured film of m. Then, when it was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, its useful life was approximately 2000 hours.

Comparative Example 1 A cylinder was made by centrifugal casting using medium carbon steel and high carbon ζ1 chromium cast iron in the same manner as in Example 4, and primary graphite was aggregated on the inner surface of the cylinder. A cylinder liner was created by applying heat treatment. Then, when tested in the same manner as in Example 1, the service life was approximately 210 hours.

Comparative Example 2 The inner and outer cylinders were created in the same manner as in Example 5, and after cooling and compressing them, a cylinder liner was created, and a test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. His life span was approximately 2,501 temples.

As shown in the above embodiments and comparative examples, the cylinder inner surface has a service life of about 2,000 to 3
The lifespan of the new model has been extended to 1,000 hours, which is approximately 10 times longer than conventional models. Furthermore, as a result of applying the present invention to a cylinder liner that is integrated into the cylinder body without using a cylinder liner, it has been possible to extend the overall durability and durability compared to the conventional case.

E-shaped jacket, as I have explained, this invention ((twist (-f
1) If necessary, the inner surface of the cylinder formed of the material is hardened by physical vapor deposition of a wear-resistant substance, so that the inner surface of the cylinder is hardened. ;t! A hardened film with excellent strength can significantly improve the wear resistance of the inner surface of the cylinder, and at the same time, even a thin hardened film has good properties, so it is not as effective as conventional carburizing, nitriding, or hard plating. There is no risk of peeling of the hardened layer, and the life of the inner surface of the cylinder is extended, so the number of cylinder (liner) replacements can be reduced by a considerable amount, significantly reducing the number of interruptions in fluid suction, fluid delivery, and pickup, and greatly reducing repair work time. It has an extremely excellent effect of being able to achieve a shortening of the length.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The attached drawing is an i-plane explanatory view showing an example of the structure of a fluid pump to which the present invention can be applied. 1... Cylinder body, 2... Cylinder liner. Patent applicant Daido Steel Co., Ltd. Agent Masu Shio 4.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A hardened film is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder of a pump that sucks in and delivers fluid by the action of a piston within the cylinder, by physically depositing a substance that improves abrasion properties. Characteristic fluid pump. (2) The fluid pump according to claim (1), wherein the inner surface of the cylinder is hardened in advance by heat treatment. (3) The fluid pump according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the inner surface of the cylinder is hardened in advance by hard plating. (4) The fluid pump according to claim (1), wherein the inner surface of the cylinder is formed in advance from a wear-resistant material.