JPS5851043B2 - Multilayer core sheath fiber spinning method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing multilayer core-sheath fibers by spinning two or more types of polymers into two or more multilayer core-sheath shapes.

It has been well known to spin two or more component polymers into a multilayer core-sheath shape for the purpose of modifying various physical properties of synthetic fibers (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 14185/1985).

In general, multilayer core fibers exhibit a special pearl-like luster, or fibers with a silk-like luster that cannot be obtained with triangular cross-section yarn, and spinning components with high dyeability have poor physical properties. By adding ingredients with high dyeability to one layer of the multilayer to give it a dyeing effect, and adding ingredients with excellent fiber properties, Young's modulus, bending properties, torsion properties, etc. to the other layers, we can create products with good dyeability. Fibers with the same physical properties as conventional fibers, and flame-retardant spinning components in general, have inferior physical properties, but a component with excellent heat retardancy is placed in the outermost layer, and a component with excellent physical properties is placed inside. By adding it, it can be used as a heat-retardant fiber whose physical properties are comparable to those of conventional fibers.

The present invention relates to a novel method for producing multilayer core-sheath fibers and a spinning device that can efficiently obtain a multilayer core-sheath structure, has a simple structure, is easy to machine, and has excellent durability.

That is, the present invention introduces two or more types of multicomponent polymer streams into groove-like inlets of each component polymer, stretches them into a slit shape, and then flows the stretched polymer streams into concentric inner layered grooves. This is a multilayer core-sheath fiber spinning method in which different types of polymers are distributed in a state in which they are alternately surrounded, and the concentric inner layered polymer streams are collected and spun into a single body.

Next, an example of the spinning device of the present invention, the flow of the polymer,
In other words, the formation mechanism of the multilayer core-sheath structure will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of plate A according to the present invention, viewed from the polymer inlet side, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. 1.

1 and 2 are groove-shaped polymer inlets drilled parallel to each other on the upper surface of plate A, al...a, CI...cnl
cl...colbl...bnl dl...dnl
d'1...d'o are groove-shaped polymer inlets 1, respectively.
, 2 is a communication hole for polymer liquid introduction provided at the bottom of 2. The number of polymer inlets and the communication hole may vary depending on the number of layers of the desired multilayer core sheath fiber, the number of polymers, the number of unit multilayer formation parts, etc. It is necessary to change the number accordingly.

In this figure, as an example, two types of polymers are made into a four-layer fiber,
The case where the number of unit multilayer forming parts is 12 (n = 12) is shown.

Figure 3 is a plan view of plate B seen from the polymer inflow side.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB' in FIG. 3.

A12,..., An; Blt... B-C
..., C, D ..., Dn is an annular groove n+
1' n + 1' polymer inlet, processed so that the concentric circular groove-shaped polymer of plate B is introduced from the communicating hole An of plate A, and plate A and plate B are positioned with dowel pins 3, Fix it.

The relationship between the communication hole in plate A and the groove-shaped polymer/first-flow inlet in plate B can be changed in various ways depending on the design.

The unit multilayer forming part on board B means each collection of small concentric circular grooves shown in Figure 3, and a multilayer core-sheath structure of different polymers can be obtained depending on the number of grooves in one unit multilayer forming part. .

Therefore, as mentioned above, the communication hole opening on the lower surface of plate A is
Each circular groove in each unit multilayer forming part of the plate must be bored so that different polymers can flow therein.

The unit multilayer forming part shown in FIG. 3 has four groove-shaped polymer inlets A1, including a central circular hole. B1. It has C1 and Dl.

In FIG. 3, a total of 12 unit multilayer forming portions are drilled.

Plate B has grooves with almost the same structure on the top and bottom surfaces,
Groove A1 on the top surface. B1. C1, Dl are polymer inflow ports, bottom groove A'1. B'1. C1, v1 serves as the holimer outlet.

These corresponding grooves on the upper and lower surfaces are connected by a number of pores α, β, γ, and δ at the bottom, as shown in FIG. Each polymer stream is stretched into a circular shape, forming a multilayer core-sheath structure.

The thickness of the layer of multilayer fiber is the inlet of polymer to A plate 1,
When introducing the polymer into 2, regulate the flow rate ratio with a gear pump, and the size and number of communication holes α, β, γ, and δ in plate B, and the outlet ports A', B', and C'.

This is determined by appropriately selecting the groove depth and groove width.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the C plate viewed from the polymer inflow side, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 5.

The upper surface of the C plate has a polymer inlet port P1 corresponding to the unit multilayer forming part of the B plate. P2°...P1□ are drilled.

The polymer inlet is of the same size or larger than the polymer outlet of the unit multilayer formation part of the B plate, receives the polymer flow of the multilayer core-sheath structure flowing out from the B plate, and is connected to the polymer inlet P7.
．． Polymer discharge port N at the bottom of each P2...PI3
1. N2, . . . are extruded from N1□.

One polymer inlet of the C plate is connected to the unit multilayer forming part 1 of the B plate.
In addition to receiving the polymer flow flowing out from each unit, it is also possible to produce combined multilayer composite fibers by collecting the polymer flows from a plurality of unit multilayer forming parts and spinning them into the receiver.

Board B and board C can be positioned using the five dowel pins shown in Figure 4.5.6.

The above C plate may be used as it is as a spinneret for extruding the polymer, or another spinneret plate may be provided below the C plate.

Although a circular structure has been described above, the device of the present invention can be used with a rectangular structure as well.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rectangular plate A seen from the polymer inlet, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line DD'.

Hereinafter, the rectangular B plate and rectangular C plate are also basically the above-mentioned B plate,
It is similar to the C plate, and the explanation will be omitted as long as it is arranged linearly.

Next, the flow of the polymer in the multilayer core-sheath fiber spinning apparatus of the present invention will be described with respect to the case where a four-layer fiber is formed from two-component polymers of X and Y.

The two polymer streams, the X component and the Y component, each metered by a gear pump, are introduced separately into the groove-shaped inlet of the A plate, and are stretched out into a slit to form a plurality of polymer flows at the bottom of the groove-shaped inlet. It flows out from the bottom surface of plate A through the communicating hole.

The polymer flow flowing out of the communication holes on the lower surface of plate A is distributed so that different types of polymers alternately flow down to each of the concentric grooves of the unit multilayer forming portion on plate B.

Such distribution can be carried out by determining the positions of the communicating holes in plate A and the concentric grooves in the unit multilayer forming part of plate B in the above-described apparatus and drilling them.

The polymer flow introduced into the concentric grooves of the unit multilayer forming part of plate B is stretched out in the shape of an annular slit, passes through many pores, and flows into the grooves on the lower surface, where different types of polymers are alternately surrounded. forming a polymer flow with a multilayer core-sheath structure.

The multilayer core-sheath structure polymer flow is formed in the same number as the unit multilayer formation parts, and the present invention has a feature that a plurality of multilayer core-sheath structure polymer flows can be easily obtained from the large slit-shaped polymer flow of the A plate.

The polymer flow with the multilayer core-sheath structure formed by the B plate flows down to the polymer inlet of the C plate, and is further extruded from the polymer discharge port drilled in the center of the polymer inlet, and is spun into a multilayer core-sheath fiber. be done.

As is clear from the above description, by using the method and apparatus of the present invention, complete multilayer cores and fibers can be easily produced, and the apparatus has a simple structure, is easy to process, is strong, and has excellent properties. It is a device that has

The apparatus of the present invention is not limited to a two-component polymer system, and can be implemented in the case of three or more components in the same way as in the case of two components.

Further, as a combination of polymers to be subjected to spinning in the apparatus of the present invention, any known spinnable polymers can be used, but the component sandwiched in between does not necessarily have to have fiber-forming ability.

The composition may be a metal, an oil, a coloring agent, a fluorescent agent, a drug, a fragrance, or a composition containing these substances, as long as it has fluidity.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail by showing examples.
The present invention is not limited to these described examples.

In particular, the spinning method is not limited to melt spinning, but the method and apparatus of the present invention are fully applicable to dry spinning and wet spinning.

Example 1 A multilayer core of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 with a two-component polymer of polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity [η) (g/dl) = 0.6 g and nylon 6 with a relative viscosity of 2.7. Spinning was performed using a sheath fiber spinning device.

Equal amounts of each polymer were measured using a gear pump, and 6 nylon and 2 polyethylene terephthalate were respectively supplied to the concentric circular groove polymer inlet 1 of the A plate.

For spinning, the spindle temperature is 2800C, the discharge rate is 24 g/M, the number of spindle holes is 12, the spindle diameter is 0.4 mL, the winding speed is 720 m, 7M.
I went there.

Cooling is done with a wind speed of 0.3 to 0 between 2 and 30 cIrL below the nozzle.
．． A cross current was applied to the spun yarn at 8 m/M.

Stretching was carried out using a roller plate method: roller temperature 75°C, plate temperature = 135°C, stretching ratio = 4.0, stretching speed =
The speed was 1000m/M.

Spinning was carried out continuously for 4 days.

During this time, the discharged polymer did not kneel on the surface of the nozzle, and no yarn breakage occurred at all, resulting in extremely good results.

The obtained fiber has a fineness of 75 dr/12 fil, and when the cross section of the fiber was observed under an optical microscope, it was found that the outer layer consists of four layers: polyethylene terephthalate, nylon 6, polyethylene terephthalate, and nylon 6. It had a very uniform multilayer core-sheath structure.

The cross-sectional state of the sample, which was wound every 6 hours from the start of spinning until the end of spinning on the fourth day, was observed using an optical microscope, and there was almost no change during that time, indicating that the concentric multilayer core was completely stable. It had a sheath structure.

The cross-sectional state of the drawn yarn was also observed under an optical microscope, and the cross-sectional shape and multilayer core-sheath structure were completely the same as those of the spun yarn.

The uniformity of the drawn yarn was measured by a normal test using a Worcester evenness tester, and was 0.5 to 0.6%.
Within this range, the properties were comparable to those of ordinary filaments made of a single polyester component.

Example 2 Spinning was carried out using the same two-component polymer used in Example 1 and a multilayer core-sheath fiber spinning apparatus as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 of the present invention.

Polyethylene terephthalate was supplied to the concentric circular groove polymer inlet 1 of the A plate, and 6-nylon was supplied to the concentric circular groove polymer inlet 2 of the A plate, each of which was weighed in equal amounts using a gear pump.

Spinning, cooling, and stretching were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1.

In this case as well, the spinning condition was good as in Example 1.

The obtained fiber has a fineness of 75 dl/12 fil, and when the fiber cross section was observed under an optical microscope, it had a concentric multilayer core-sheath structure consisting of four layers from the outer layer: nylon 6, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon 6, and polyethylene terephthalate. Moreover, the thickness of the layer was very uniform.

During the spinning period, the cross-sectional structure remained stable with almost no change.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of plate A used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA'. Figure 3 is a plan view of an example of the B board, and Figure 4 is the B-B
It is a sectional view taken along the line '. FIG. 5 is a plan view of an example of a C plate, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of an example of a C plate.
It is a cross-sectional view taken along c' line. Figure 7 is a plan view of another plate A, which has a rectangular structure.
The figure is a sectional view taken along line DD'. 1.2; Grooved polymer inlet, al y b, v C1
pC'1 """: Communication hole, A1 t Bl t C
1t Dl """ is a concentric groove, A'l + B'
l t C'l p D'1...; Concentric grooves, α, β, γ, δ; Pores, Pl, P2...; Polymer inlet, N1. N2...;Polymer discharge port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A multi-component polymer stream of 12 or more types is introduced into a groove-like inlet of each component polymer and stretched into a slit shape, and then the stretched polymer stream is introduced into a concentric inner layered groove. A method for spinning concentric multilayer core-sheath fibers, which comprises distributing different types of polymers so that they are alternately surrounded, and collecting the concentric inner layered polymer streams together and spinning them. 2 (1) A plate having two or more groove-shaped polymer inlets bored in parallel to each other on the upper surface and a plurality of communication holes communicating the groove-shaped polymer inlets to the lower surface; (2) upper and lower surfaces; The grooves on the upper surface and the lower surface are connected by a number of pores, and each of the concentric grooves on the upper surface communicates with a communicating hole through which a different type of polymer flows out on the lower surface of plate A. The polymer flow guided by the large number of pores is stretched circularly in the direction of the concentric grooves on the lower surface connected to the pores, so that the entire groove is filled with the polymer flow. B board having two or more multilayer forming parts, and (
3) Production of a concentric multilayer core-sheath fiber characterized by being formed from a C plate having a polymer discharge port communicating with the lower surface at the center of the polymer inlet corresponding to the unit multilayer forming portion of the B plate on the upper surface. Device.