JPS585083B2 - Ryuutaino Bunri Souchi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for separating fluids by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

In particular, the present invention relates to a support for selectively permeable membranes and a method for arranging the same.

Conventionally, there are many examples of modules formed by supporting selectively permeable membranes (hereinafter referred to as membranes) on flat plates.

For example, resin treated paper, glass fiber mat.

Membrane elements are formed by immersing the surface of a cartridge with a complex structure pre-framed with sintered plastic etc. in a solution that forms a selectively permeable membrane, and membrane elements are formed on the surface of a water-permeable membrane support. A module is formed by alternately stacking the attached elements and spacers with complicated processing, and a braided body of plate-like materials such as 2 metals, 2 synthetic resins, and 9 inorganic materials.

There are modules in which laminates or the like are stacked to form a module having a complicated structure.

All of these have complicated structures, making it difficult to process materials, assemble modules, etc., and require many types of materials.

As a result, the price of the module becomes very high.

The present inventors solved the problems of these conventional flat-plate modules, and created a module that has a simple structure, is easy to process and assemble,
The present invention was completed through research into a flat module that does not require a large number of materials and can be manufactured at low cost.

The present invention is a means for introducing and extracting a fluid to be treated.

A fluid separation device comprising a pressure vessel having means for taking out permeated fluid, a membrane element supported on a porous plate-shaped support, and a core frame supporting the membrane element, wherein the membrane element is a flat plate having a fan-shaped cross section. This fluid separation device is characterized in that the outer surface of a porous support is covered with a permselective membrane, which is arranged radially around a core frame.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1-a is a front view of an example of a membrane element according to the present invention.
b shows a side view.

As shown in the figure, the membrane element 1 has a flat plate shape with a fan-shaped cross section.
It is formed by covering the outer surface of a support 2 made of a porous water-permeable material with a membrane 3 having selective permeability.

The support 2 can be made of a porous sintered body with water permeability such as metal 2 synthetic resin, ceramic, or inorganic material such as pottery, but it is preferable to make it from a sintered body of synthetic resin in terms of cost and weight. preferable.

The support body 2 can be made by machining or molding, but it is preferable to make it by molding in terms of process simplification and processing accuracy.

At least one hole 4 is provided in the side surface of the support 2 for taking out the substance that has passed through the membrane 3.

The membrane 3 can be attached to the outer surface of the support 2 by pasting a membrane formed into a sheet in advance or by dipping the support 2 in a selectively permeable membrane forming solution. .

FIG. 2 shows an example of a fluid separation device in which the membrane element 1 of FIG. 1 is placed in a pressure-resistant container.

2-a shows a front sectional view, and 2-b shows a side view.

In the figure, 1 is a membrane element, 5 is an inlet for the fluid to be treated,
6 is an outlet for the fluid to be treated, 7 is an outlet for the permeated fluid, 8 is a conduit for taking out the permeated fluid, 9 is a core frame for radially supporting the membrane elements 1, and 10 is the interval between the membrane elements 1. 11 is a fixture for preventing the membrane element 1 from shifting in the axial direction; 12 is a pressure container.

The fluid to be treated is guided through the inlet 5 to a flow path formed between membrane elements, and only permeable substances are permeated through the membrane 3, and the fluid is gradually concentrated by non-permeable substances. flows toward the outlet 6 and is led out through the outlet 6.

The permeable substance that has passed through the membrane 3 flows inside the support 2 which is porous and has water permeability, and flows from the hole 4 to the conduit 8,
It is taken out through the take-out lower.

The thin parts of the membrane elements 1 are inserted into grooves provided at equal intervals in the core frame 9, and are arranged radially.

The thicker part of the membrane element 1 is inserted into the groove of a strip-shaped spacer 10 made of an elastic material.

At this time, by making the thickness of the crest of the core frame 9 equal to the thickness of the crest of the spacer 10, the flow path created between each membrane element can have a cross section parallel to the radial direction.

Although the radial spacing of the flow passages does not necessarily have to be constant, it is preferable that the intervals be constant in order to produce a uniform flow of the fluid to be treated.

The spacing between these channels is determined by the width of the peaks of the core frame 9 and the spacer 10, and this width depends on the radial length of the membrane element, the configuration of the device, the properties of the fluid, the flow conditions, etc.

Generally, this width should be determined within a range that does not significantly increase the fluid flow rate or significantly impair the volumetric efficiency of the module. The spacing can be selected such that the pressure loss per 100 cm of length is 0.5 kg/cm2 or less.

ΔP: Pressure loss (kg/cm2) λ: Drag coefficient l: Channel length (cm) a: Channel spacing (cm) b: Radial length of membrane element (cm) γ: Original Specific weight of fluid (kg/cm3) g: Acceleration of gravity (cm15ec2) ν: Velocity of fluid (cm15ec) The fan-shaped shape of the side surface of the support 2 constituting the membrane element is determined by the size of the pressure vessel and the distance between each membrane element. It is determined by the width of the channel or the total number of membrane elements 1 to be attached, and when the width of the channel is constant in the radial direction, it is easily determined by simple geometric calculation.

Having described the present invention in detail above, the advantages resulting from implementing the present invention will now be described.

Since the support body 2 has a very simple shape and a relatively thin wall thickness, it can be manufactured by molding, with very good productivity and at low cost.

Further, the work of attaching the membrane 3 to the outer surface of the support body 2 can be carried out very easily and accurately.

Furthermore, since the support 2 itself is porous and has water permeability, there is no particular need for a lining material to take out the permeable substance, making the formation of the membrane element 1 easy and eliminating the need to use a large number of materials.

Furthermore, since only external pressure acts on the membrane element 1, the support 2 only needs to have a suitable compressive strength, and a relatively brittle material can be used.

As mentioned above, if the cross-sectional area of the space between one membrane element and another adjacent membrane element, which should become a flow path for the fluid to be treated, is made constant, the area near the surface of the membrane 30 of membrane element 1 The flow rate of the fluid to be treated can be uniformly controlled, and the amount of permeable substance permeated through each membrane element 1 can be made uniform.

Furthermore, since the shape of the membrane element 1 is close to a sheet, the ratio of surface area to volume is large, and a module with a very large membrane area can be obtained compared to a module with the same volume.

By carrying out the present invention as described above, a flat module with a simple structure, easy processing and assembly, no need for many types of materials, inexpensive manufacturing, and good separation performance can be obtained. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a membrane element used in the present invention, and 1-a shows a front view and 1-b shows a side view. FIG. 2 shows an example of the apparatus of the present invention, and 2-a is a front sectional view, and 2-b is a partial side view.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a fluid separation device consisting of a pressure vessel having means for introducing and extracting a fluid to be treated, a means for taking out a permeated fluid, a membrane element, and a core frame supporting the membrane element, the membrane element is a flat plate having a fan-shaped cross section. 1. A fluid separation device characterized in that the outer surface of a porous support is covered with a permselective membrane, which is arranged radially around a core frame.