JPS5848344B2 - Flame-retardant synthetic resin foam and fireproof panels using it - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention involves dispersing inorganic powders and granules that foam by heating with different heat capacities into a combustible composite resin, particularly a thermosetting composite resin foam such as polyurethane resin, in a layered manner. The present invention relates to a flame-retardant synthetic resin foam which is distributed so as to foam and form a non-combustible inorganic foam layer when exposed to flame, and a fireproof panel using the same.

BACKGROUND ART Recently, as core materials for building materials, etc., hewei resins, such as foamable polyurethane resins (hard and soft), have been widely used because of their light weight and excellent workability and construction properties.

However, polyurethane resin has a major drawback in that it is flammable.

Methods to improve this weakness include: ■ Inserting a rogen-type flame retardant element into the molecular structure of the resin, ■ Adding a phosphorus-based flame retardant, and ■ Filling and laminating inorganic substances. Three are proposed.

However, all of these methods have advantages and disadvantages, such as high cost, increased weight, and low flame retardancy, and have not been put to practical use outside of specific fields.

In order to solve these drawbacks, the present invention has developed a flame-retardant material that is highly foamable, minimizes weight increase, and improves fire resistance by taking into account the inorganic filler, the hexagram, and its dispersion state. We propose a synthetic resin foam and a fireproof panel using it.

That is, to briefly explain the present invention, the above-mentioned inorganic powder is thinly applied to the outer surface of an inorganic powder, such as pearlite grains, which has a small heat capacity and foams when heated, on the surface layer of a synthetic resin foam that hardens at room temperature. This is a fire-retardant panel that includes a flame-retardant synthetic resin body in which a coating or attached coating particles and a fire-retardant agent having a large heat capacity are distributed toward the lower layer in the order of lower layers, and a non-combustible plate is integrally provided on the surface using this as a core material.

Its purpose is to protect the flammable, room-temperature curing Hewei resin foam from fire and high heat through the layered distribution of inorganic powder, coating particles, and fire retardant, and to achieve sufficient fire retardancy and the lightness inherent to synthetic resin foam. The aim is to create a structure that exhibits heat insulating properties, and to use the hexagram as a building material.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A flame-retardant synthetic resin foam (hereinafter simply referred to as a core material) according to the present invention and a fireproof panel using the same will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a composite resin foam (hereinafter simply referred to as foam), and 2 is an inorganic powder that has a small heat capacity, foams when heated, and has crystal water.

3 is a coated particle, which is a small inorganic particle coated with or attached to the outer surface of the inorganic powder 2;
4 is a granular material having a large heat capacity, in which inorganic powder 2 is dissolved and impregnated into the internal voids of inorganic hollow particles with a fire retardant, and then hardened.

In addition, Fig. 1 shows a core material A in which inorganic powder 2, coating particles 3, and fire retardant 4 are distributed in a layered manner toward the bottom layer on the surface layer of the foam 1, and Fig. 2 shows a core material A in which inorganic powder 2, coating particles 3, and fire retardant 4 are distributed in the order of layers in the lower layer. Noncombustible board 5
This shows a fire protection panel that is an integrated layered structure.

To explain further, the foam 1 is made of polyurethane foam (rigid), polyisocyanurate foam, and phenol foam, and mainly functions as a heat insulating material and a binding material.

The manufacturing methods include the one-shot method and the prepolymer method.

In addition, the inorganic powder 2 is a sodium salt of boric acid, a silicate, etc. containing water of crystallization, and specifically, borax ( ].O
water salt, pentahydrate), sodium metaborate, sodium diborate, sodium tetraborate, sodium pentaborate, sodium hexaborate, sodium octoborate, borax, caustic soda, and water added as necessary. It is made of a foamable composition obtained by pulverizing a mixed lump, or by pulverizing an intermediate product made by mixing a boron compound, an alkali, and water, and its size is 150 mm. ~5
It is about 0 mesh.

That is, it has been experimentally confirmed that powder of this size spontaneously releases water vapor and starts foaming when exposed to direct flame.

Inorganic powder 2 initially releases crystal water when core material A is exposed to flame, cools the surrounding area, and foams to form an inorganic foam layer, suppressing conduction of high heat to the lower layer. It is something to do.

The amount of inorganic powder 2 added is 10 foam raw materials.
It is about 10 to 200 parts by weight relative to 0 parts by weight.

The coating particles 3 are small inorganic particles, such as pearlite particles, shirasu balloons, micro balloons, glass balloons, etc., with the above-described powder 2 coated thinly or adhered in pieces on the surface of the particles, and the particle size is as follows: It is around 0.5-3TtTLφ.

The coating particles 3 are useful for forming an inorganic foam layer with the inorganic particles as cores.

This inorganic foam layer backs up the inorganic foam layer made of inorganic powder 2, and since there is a core made of inorganic particles, it will not be destroyed immediately by the pressure of flame etc., and will prevent heat conduction. Fire retardant 4
It exhibits fire retardant properties until it foams.

The amount of coating particles 3 added is approximately 15 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin raw material.

The fire retardant 4 is a granular material in which, for example, the inorganic powder 2, which foams when heated, is melted and filled into the hollow part of a hard inorganic hollow particle such as a pearlite grain. It forms the final inorganic foam layer that protects from high heat.

When the fire retardant 4 is exposed to flame, it does not foam immediately, but sizzles and dissolves from its surface layer.

Next, the inorganic powder 2 that has flowed out starts foaming as the crystal water and the like decrease.

However, since the fire retardant itself is filled with a large amount of inorganic powder 2, it continues to emit water vapor for a while, cooling the surrounding area.

Then, foaming starts from the portion where the moisture content has gradually (slowly) decreased.

In particular, when pearlite grains are used, this phenomenon appears more prominently due to the outer shell structure of the pearlite grains, which has pores.
Furthermore, since the foamed inorganic foam layer is shaped radially around the pearlite grains, the amount of fire retardant 4 used can be reduced.

The amount of the fire retardant 4 added varies depending on the required fire resistance temperature, but is approximately 5 to 250 parts by weight.

Further, the noncombustible plate 5 is fixed at least integrally to the surface layer of the core material A, particularly the surface layer in which the inorganic powder 2, the coating particles 3, and the fire retardant 4 are laminated in this order toward the bottom.

Specific examples of the noncombustible board 5 include iron plates, gypsum plates, cement mortar plates, calcium silicate plates, and the like.

Next, an example will be explained.

Example 1 Compounding ratio Foam raw material 100 parts by weight (foamable polyurethane resin raw material) Borax-coated particles (sodium metaborate coated with perlite particles so that the average particle size is 2 to 3 mmφ) 30 parts by weight 20 parts by weight Fire retardant (Contains sodium metaborate dissolved inside pearlite grains 51rt7ILφ) 50 parts by weight First, polyurethane resin raw material (two-component reaction type) is injected into the lower mold via a mixer, and then fire retardant 4, The fire retardant 4 and the coating particles 3 are sprayed in the order of the ○ buttons, and the timing for adding the fire retardant 4 and the coating particles 3 is at the beginning of the rise time when the foam raw material starts foaming, when the so-called foaming height increases, and the above two substances are added. Next, under the condition that the foaming pressure is increased so that it is not buried too deeply in the foam 1, borax 2 is sprinkled, and the upper mold is placed between them, and this is
After curing for 5 minutes at a temperature of .degree. C. and taken out, a core material A having a cross section as shown in FIG. 1 and a thickness of 1.0 mm is completed.

Therefore, the surface layer of this core material A, the surface where so-called borax is distributed, is
It was exposed to a direct flame at 00°C.

At first, the borax immediately released crystallization water, melted and foamed to form a soft inorganic foam layer that became the initial fireproofing layer.

Furthermore, as the heating continues, the heat is conducted to the coating particles 3 located below the inorganic foam layer made of borax, the sodium metaborate melts at about 54°C, and water is gradually released according to the heat conduction. It melts.

The borax serves as a base for the inorganic foam layer, and the inorganic foam layer is formed using the pearlite grains as cores.

As the heating continues for a longer time, the sodium metaborate impregnated with the fire retardant 4 melts and flows out of its pores, cooling the flame surface with water and starting foaming from the areas where the water content has decreased.

However, since the amount of filling (impregnation) is large, it will simmer for about 20 minutes at this level of heat.

At this time, the back surface temperature only rises to about 100°C to 150°C.

Therefore, when we cut this core material A and observed it, we found that borax 2, coating particles 3, and fire retardant 4 were present on the dried surface, replacing these with the surface layer of foam 1 that was the binder, and the inorganic foam layer heated up. Isn't it formed without deformation or ignition, and there is Foam 1 underneath, completely covered (protected) by the inorganic foam layer? Ah, this inorganic foam layer has a fire resistance of about 960 degrees Celsius, and will melt and vitrify at higher temperatures.

Example 2 Core material. ．． ．．・・・・・・． ．． ．．・・・・・・・・・・・・
...Same noncombustible plate as in Example 1 (as surface material)...(
Colored steel plate with a thickness of 0. 3 m door) Aluminum foil (as the backing material 6) First, the backing material 6 is placed on a transfer machine such as a conveyor, the mixed polyurethane resin raw material is discharged onto it, and the fire retardant 4 and coating particles 3 are placed on top of it. , borax 2 in this order,
The surface material 5 is placed thereon and sent to a curing oven which heats and pressurizes it, and when it is taken out as a product from the outlet, a fireproof panel as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.

Therefore, when the surface material 5 side of this fireproof panel was exposed to flame at 900°C in the same manner as in Example 1, there was no dimensional deformation, and the back surface temperature was also]. The temperature rose only to about 00°C, indicating sufficient fire protection.

Therefore, when the surface material 5 was peeled off from the core material A and the part exposed to the flame was observed, a thick white inorganic foam layer was formed and the foam 1 was sufficiently protected.

As described above, the core material according to the present invention, and the fireproof panel using the core material, have excellent fire resistance and heat resistance.

Furthermore, it has the characteristic of being able to withstand flames for a longer period of time than before.

Furthermore, it has the advantage that a layer exhibiting fireproofing and heat insulating properties can be easily formed during manufacturing, and it is also lightweight, making it convenient to transport during construction.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1, 2, and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing a vertical cross section of a flame-retardant synthetic resin foam, a button, and a fireproof panel using the same according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. At least one button on a cold-curing composite resin foam.
Inorganic powder that has a smaller heat capacity from the surface layer to the lower layer and foams when heated and has water of crystallization, coated particles in which the above-mentioned inorganic powder is coated or adhered to small inorganic particles, and inorganic powder in the internal voids of inorganic hollow particles. 1. A flame-retardant synthetic or resin foam, characterized in that the fire retardant is distributed in the order of the fire retardant having a large heat capacity. 2 For cold-curing synthetic resin foam, at least 1
The inorganic powder is coated with the inorganic powder, which has a small heat capacity from the surface layer to the bottom layer, foams upon heating, and contains water of crystallization. A fire prevention panel characterized in that a fire prevention agent impregnated by melting powder is distributed in order of increasing heat capacity, and a noncombustible plate is fixed to at least the surface layer.