JPS584809A - Synthetic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:Synthetic fibers, having knot-like unevennesses on the surface thereof, and a cross-sectional shape in which plural protruding parts joined in the radial direction, and improved fibrous properties of making a wide range of styles in wigs, good springiness, bulkiness, combing propery and reduced variation, etc., and suitable for wigs, etc. CONSTITUTION:A spinning solution consisting of an acrylonitrile copolymer, etc. containing a foaming agent, etc. is spun through a nozzle having a modified cross section in which three or more protruding parts are arranged in the radial or spiral shape to give the aimed synthetic fibers having a cross-sectional shape in which knot-like unevenensses are present on the surface thereof, preferably at the ratio between the maximal diameter in the protruding part and the minimal diameter in the recessed part of 1.5-1.05, and the distance between the peaks of the adjacent protruding parts is in the range of 10-500mu, with plural, preferably 3-10 protruding parts joined in the radial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to surface and cross-section modified synthetic fibers.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve stability (when made into a wig,
We provide synthetic fibers that are suitable for making wigs, have improved fiber performance (able to create wide styles), and have improved the sliminess characteristic of synthetic fibers, and have good waist strength, bulk, and combability. It's about doing. A further object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic fiber suitable for making wigs that loses its luster appropriately without adding a matting agent and has a clear color tone when dyed.

Conventional synthetic fibers for wigs are generally acrylonitrile-based synthetic fibers (hereinafter acrylonitrile is referred to as AN).
, or vinyl chloride-based synthetic fibers are used, but these synthetic fibers for wigs have specific styles depending on the material. For example, synthetic fibers suitable for curly styles and synthetic fibers suitable for straight styles. Synthetic fibers are classified as fibers, etc., and at present, synthetic fibers with a wide range of stability such as woven wool have not yet been developed.

In particular, modification of the cross-sectional shape is a common method for modifying synthetic fibers for wigs, and various cross-sectional shapes such as circular, oval, horseshoe, cocoon, ribbon, quatrefoil, and star shapes have been developed. Synthetic fibers have been developed and put into practical use, but cross-sectional modification alone has not led to synthetic fibers with wide stability similar to that of braided fibers.

The present inventors have focused on surface modification of fibers with the aim of creating synthetic fibers that can improve such stylinity, and as a result of intensive research, the inventors have found that synthetic fibers with improved stylinity and without the metallic luster characteristic of synthetic fibers have been found. Succeeded in developing fibers and first published Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-158822 and Patent Application No. 18899-1983.
The technology was disclosed in 5.

The above-mentioned new synthetic fiber has a smooth surface portion and an uneven surface portion continuous in the fiber axis direction on the fiber surface, and the uneven surface portion occupies 20 to 70 inches of the total fiber surface, and the degree of unevenness is convex. The ratio of the maximum fiber diameter of the portion to the minimum fiber diameter of the concave portion is 1.5 to 1.05, and the distance between the vertices of adjacent convex portions is in the range lθ to 500μ (Fig. 8゜4 shows the surface and cross section).

However, as mentioned above, although the above synthetic fibers have received extremely high praise for improving stability,
On the other hand, it is somewhat bulky, has some difficulty in combing, and also has a phenomenon in which smooth surfaces shine (hereinafter referred to as glitter).
It was observed.

In view of these points, the present inventors conducted further research and found that by adding multiple protrusions to the cross-sectional shape, the above-mentioned bulkiness, combability and The present invention was achieved by discovering that glitter can be improved.

That is, the present invention is directed to a synthetic fiber having knot-like irregularities on the fiber surface and protrusions in the radial direction in the cross-sectional shape.

An example of a scanning electron micrograph of the surface and cross section of the synthetic fiber according to the present invention is shown in Section 1. It is shown in Figure 2.

As is clear from the figure, the cross section has six radial protrusions, and the surface has knot-like unevenness. Third. FIG. 4 shows scanning electron micrographs of the surface and cross section disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 54-118995. On the other hand, one side of the surface of conventional synthetic fibers for wigs obtained by normal wet spinning and melt spinning.
Example 5. It is shown in Figure 6.

As described above, such synthetic fibers for wigs have various cross sections, but the fiber surface only has minute wrinkles in the fiber axis direction, and macroscopically, the surface is smooth. There are no knot-like irregularities that are observed in synthetic fibers. This point is a major difference from the synthetic fiber of the present invention.

Already published in 1983-158322 and patent application 1988-188.
As disclosed in No. 995, the present inventors have discovered that synthetic fibers having irregularities on the fiber surface increase entanglement between the fibers and produce a very distinctive effect on the quality of the finished wig. In other words, it has significantly improved style arrangability (the ability to change to various styles with a brush or the like without cutting the constituent fibers), style retention (the ability to prevent the style from being disturbed by wind or movement), and the ease with which hair stands up. By combining these properties, the above-mentioned style can be significantly improved.

Furthermore, in general synthetic fibers for wigs, in order to improve the gloss and sliminess characteristic of synthetic fibers, it is customary to add an inorganic or organic matting agent. Therefore, the matting agent increases the dull feeling. It has the disadvantage that it cannot be avoided and the color tone becomes dull.

By the way, the synthetic fiber of the present invention is characterized by having knot-like unevenness on the fiber surface and radial protrusions on the cross section, and the light is diffusely reflected by the surface unevenness and the cross-sectional protrusion, and the glitter is eliminated. At the same time, you can obtain a gloss that is extremely similar to that of hair. Therefore, there is no need to add a matting agent, and a clear color tone can be maintained even when dyed. In addition, the synthetic fiber of the present invention does not have the slimy feeling characteristic of synthetic fibers and exhibits a favorable texture.

Furthermore, the synthetic fibers of the present invention are excellent in bulk, combability, and stiffness. That is, since the cross section has protrusions, the surface adhesion between the fibers is improved, and the fibers become difficult to bundle together, thereby improving bulkiness and combability.

The degree of unevenness of the synthetic fiber of the present invention is the ratio of the maximum fiber diameter of the convex part to the minimum fiber diameter of the concave part of 1.5 to 1.
05 is preferable. If it is less than 1.05, the improvement in stability, which is the objective of the present invention, will be small. Also 1,
If it exceeds 5, the roughness of the fibers becomes excessive, causing problems such as tangles and thread breakage during the wig sewing process, and the texture is also unfavorable.

To explain the degree of unevenness with reference to FIG. 7 (FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the fiber as seen through a microscope from the direction perpendicular to the major axis), A is expressed by the following formula.

Note that dmax indicates the maximum fiber diameter of the imaged portion, and dmin indicates the minimum fiber diameter of the concave portion.

Furthermore, the distance between the vertices of adjacent convex parts is usually 10μ to 500μ.
A range of is preferred. If it is less than 10 μm or more than 500 μm, the effect of unevenness will be reduced and the intertwining between fibers will be lost, making it impossible to obtain the desired characteristics when made into a wig.

On the other hand, the number of protrusions in the cross section of the synthetic fiber of the present invention is 3 to 3.
10 is preferred. When the number of protrusions is 2, there is a wide smooth area on the circumference of the cross section, which causes a so-called glitter phenomenon, and the performance of the wig is reduced in curl retention, bulkiness, and difficulty in combing. This is not desirable. Moreover, if the number of protrusions exceeds 10, the cross section will be substantially close to a circular one, which will increase the cohesiveness of the fibers, leading to a decrease in combability and a decrease in bulkiness, which is undesirable.

Each of these projections does not necessarily have the same area, but
In terms of ease of manufacture and characteristics, it is preferable to have approximately the same area.

Although the shape of the protrusion is not particularly limited, an arc shape is preferable from the viewpoint of touch and feel. Also, outside of these protrusions,
It is also possible to provide even smaller protrusions, but in this case care must be taken regarding the unevenness ratio.

What is important about the present invention is that it is effective only when all of the above-mentioned constituent requirements are satisfied, and if even one of the requirements is missing, a synthetic fiber that satisfies the objective cannot be obtained.

In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape in which the protrusions are connected in the radial direction can be manufactured by various spinning methods using an irregular cross-sectional nozzle in which three or more protrusions are arranged in a radial or spiral pattern. For example, a foaming agent or an inorganic agent with an appropriate particle size may be contained in the fiber, or a water-soluble polymer may be contained in advance and then eluted. As an example, the manufacturing method for AN synthetic fiber is shown below.

0.5 hydrophilic olefin monomer having sulfonic acid group
An AN-based copolymer containing ~5% by weight was dissolved in acetone to form a spinning dope, and then passed through a normal irregular cross-section nozzle to an acetone-water coagulation bath with a concentration of 45% acetone and a temperature maintained at 20°C. Spun into.

Then, the obtained spun yarn is dried under a moist hot air at a temperature of 100° C. or higher and a wet bulb temperature of 60° C. or higher to recover devitrification, and then subjected to conventional stretching and heat treatment.

The degree of unevenness on the fiber surface can be adjusted by appropriately changing the acetone concentration of the acetone-water coagulation bath or the bath temperature. Further, the number and shape of the protrusions in the cross section are determined by the shape of the irregular cross-section nozzle and the spinning draft.

Although the mechanism of unevenness development in the AN-based synthetic fiber used as an example of the present invention is not clear, due to the combination of the hydrophilicity of the AN-based copolymer and the coagulation bath conditions, countless capillaries generated during spinning are heated during the subsequent drying process. It is thought that the fusion causes unevenness to appear on the surface of the fibers.

Due to its unique cross section and surface structure, the synthetic fiber of the present invention has properties such as good stiffness, anti-build properties, dryness, texture to the touch, and vivid color tone when dyed. In addition to the use of wigs, it shows good properties when applied to other uses such as carpets and blankets.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Sodium methacrylsulfonate 2% by weight, AN 50% by weight
, AN copolymer consisting of 48% by weight of vinyl chloride/L' (
A 23-fold Jl acetone solution of
o'c). This spinning dope is spun at a spinning speed of 3 m/min through a 50-hole East-type irregular cross-section nozzle into an acetone-water coagulation system with a diacetone concentration of 45% by weight and a temperature of 20'C.

Next, the yarn was introduced into a water washing bath at 40°C, washed with water, pre-stretched to 150'%, dried to recover devitrification at a temperature of 120°C and a wet bulb temperature of 80°C, and further stretched for 250 pieces. After hot stretching, heat treatment is performed.

The 50 denier, U AN-based synthetic fiber obtained in this way has one cross-sectional shape connected in the radial direction, as shown in Fig. 2.
It has 5 protrusions. Further, as shown in Fig. 1, the fiber surface has knot-like unevenness, and the degree of unevenness is 1.8 as the ratio of the maximum fiber diameter in the white part to the minimum fiber diameter in the open part.
Furthermore, the distance between the vertices of adjacent protrusions was in the range of 100μ to 300μ.0 Comparing the performance of the AN-based synthetic fiber of the present invention when made into a wig with that of conventional synthetic fibers, it was found that , improved stability was recognized. Also, the patent application 1888-1983
Compared to the 995 synthetic fiber, there was no loss in stability, and the glitter, bulkiness, and combability were improved.

The AN-based synthetic fiber of the present invention had a gloss level of 9 as shown in the following table, which is the same as that of ordinary synthetic fibers, but it did not have a dull feeling and had a clear color tone when dyed.

Table 1 (Note 1) Each quality evaluation was made by a professional beautician and was given in the following 5-level evaluation.

5...Very good. 4...Good. 3...Normal 02
···bad. 1... Kana is bad.

(Note 2) Gloss is determined by using a glossy needle and placing a bundle of fibers parallel to the incident plane, and showing the reflectance at an incident angle of 60° and an acceptance angle of 60°. (Note 3) Comparative example of AN-based synthetic fiber. As shown in FIG. 5, the fiber has fine wrinkles parallel to the axial direction on its surface, but does not have irregularities like the fibers of the present invention. The same applies to the comparative example of PVC synthetic fiber (Fig. 6).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6 are scanning electron micrographs of the fiber surface and cross section. Figures 8 to 4 are photographs showing the surface and cross section of the synthetic fiber of Japanese Patent Application No. 188995/1989 (Figure 3 is magnified at 340 times; Figure 4 is magnified at 860 times), and Figures 5 to 6 are photographs showing the surface of conventional synthetic fibers for wigs. (both times 170). FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the synthetic fiber of the present invention viewed from a direction perpendicular to the major axis of the fiber. Patent applicant Makoto Asano, agent of Kanebuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. −

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A synthetic fiber that has knot-like irregularities on the fiber surface and a cross-sectional shape in which a plurality of protrusions are connected in the radial direction. (2) The synthetic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the degree of unevenness on the fiber surface is 1.5 to 1.05 in terms of the ratio of the maximum fiber diameter of the convex portion to the minimum fiber diameter of the open portion. (3) The synthetic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the vertices of adjacent convex portions is in the range of lOμ to 500μ. (4) The synthetic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions is 3 to 10.