JPS5845389B2 - hydrofoil - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a hydrofoil.

The basic types of hydrofoils include a surface-penetrating type shown in FIG. 1 and a fully submerged type shown in FIG. 2.

In the former, a hydrofoil 1 that generates lift when sailing penetrates the water surface, and changes in lift due to relative changes in the water surface at the point where the hydrofoil 1 penetrates the water surface are used for attitude control and stability. The relationship between the stability and the angle of inclination of the hull is as shown in A in Figure 3.

The disadvantage of this type is that, from a safety point of view, the design must be designed to increase the change in lift due to relative changes in the water surface, which inevitably increases the attitude control ability. It makes the ride uncomfortable.

In other words, as shown in A in Figure 3, the stability is affected by changes in the water surface (
For example, if a ship's body tilts, the restoring force against the tilt increases, and the angle of oscillation in the waves is large and the period of oscillation is short, which worsens the ride comfort.

Therefore, in order to improve the ride comfort of the ship, it is necessary to change the tendency of stability to B in Figure 3.

In the latter case, the hydrofoil 2 is completely submerged in water.

According to this method, it is not affected by waves, but it does not have any attitude control ability like the water surface penetrating type shown in FIG. 1, so it is necessary to forcibly control the attitude.

Therefore, flaps are provided at the rear ends of the hydrofoil containers at the bow and stern, and these flaps are controlled.

Furthermore, in order to control the lateral attitude, either the bow or stern wing rear end flaps are controlled separately as separate flaps with respect to the hull centerline O.

In general, fully submersible hydrofoils can provide very good ride comfort if their flaps are controlled accurately, but they require precise and expensive control equipment.

Therefore, the present invention provides a hydrofoil boat that has only the advantages of the water surface penetrating type and the fully submerged type. A suitable number of hydrofoils extending horizontally from the lower ends of the side floating bodies are provided, and each of the side floating bodies is provided between the vicinity of the lower end of each of the side floating bodies and the center of the bottom surface of the main hull. This is due to the penetrating wings that are tilted downward towards the main hull, which results in a small stability when the angle of inclination in the lateral and longitudinal directions of the main hull is small, and a large stability when the angle of inclination is large. Riding comfort is improved, and the penetrating wings allow for automatic longitudinal attitude adjustment without significantly affecting the stability of the main hull against lateral inclination.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

First, the basic principle will be explained based on FIG.

That is, both ends of the hydrofoil 1 in the surface-penetrating hydrofoil shown in FIG. 1 are replaced with side floating bodies 1a.

In this case, the weight of the main hull 3 will be supported by the buoyancy of the side floating body 1a and the lifting force of the fully submerged hydrofoil 1, but this side floating body 1
By changing the ratio between the buoyant force of a and the lifting force of the hydrofoil 1, the tendency of the above-mentioned restoring force can be freely selected.

For example, if the buoyancy of the side floating body 1a is set to dog, it will be too close to type A in Figure 3, and if the buoyancy of the side floating body 1a is made small, it will be too close to type A in Figure 3.
It is close to the type.

In addition, by reducing the width of the side floating body 1a as it goes downward, it is possible to achieve a small stability when the lateral inclination angle of the main hull 3 is small, and a large stability when the angle is large. It is something that can be done.

Therefore, the ride is comfortable and the overall stability of the ship can be improved.

However, with the above configuration, although good lateral stability and maneuverability can be achieved, levitation is achieved by the lift of the wings as a hydrofoil (in this case levitation is the buoyancy of the main hull 3).
There is no ability to adjust the vertical attitude during navigation, and a forced control device is required like the fully immersed type shown in Figure 2.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are taken.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the main hull 100
A side floating body 11 whose water line area decreases as it goes downwards is provided on both sides, and a pair of hydrofoils 12 are provided extending horizontally from both corners of the lower end of the side floating body 11. A penetrating portion 13 is disposed between the vicinity of the front lower end and the center of the bottom surface of the main hull 10.

According to the above configuration, under normal safe sailing conditions, the main hull 1
Most of the weight of 0 is supported by the lifting force of the hydrofoil 12, and the rest is supported by the buoyant force of the side floating body 11 and the lifting force of the penetrating portion 13.

The restoring force against the lateral inclination of the main hull 10 is generated by changes in the buoyancy of the side floating bodies 11.

The lift force change near the water surface penetration part of the penetration part 13 is the hull centerline O.
Because the distance between the two is short, the moment of stability is small.

Therefore, the restoring force against the lateral inclination of the main hull 10 is small when the inclination angle is small, and the riding comfort is good.

On the other hand, when the main hull 10 is tilted in the longitudinal direction, the change in lift of the penetrating portion 13 acts as a restoring force, and it has the same automatic attitude control capability as the conventional water surface penetrating type.

In addition, for a large angle vertical inclination, if the penetrating part 13 is completely submerged, it will lead to a change in the buoyancy of the main hull 10, so by appropriately selecting the shape of the main hull 10 and the shape of the penetrating part 13,
In the longitudinal direction, the restoring force can be small at small inclination angles and large at large inclination angles, making it possible to further improve riding comfort compared to conventional models.

Furthermore, since the hydrofoils 12 are located inside the side floating body 11, the vessel can be placed alongside a normal quay as is.

In addition, since the width of the hull can be made very large (it is more advantageous to make it wider), it is suitable for ships that require a large deck area, such as passenger ships, and is a cheap ship for a given number of passengers.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 7. In this embodiment, the side floating body is extended straight along the hull center line 14, and the outer surface of the lower end of the side floating body 14 is formed into an arcuate surface. At the same time, the inner surface is a vertical surface, and a relatively short hydrofoil 15 is provided protruding from the lower end of the side floating body 14 toward the hull centerline O.

As described above, according to the hydrofoil of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

■ With respect to the main hull's lateral and longitudinal inclinations, if the inclination angle is small, a small restoring force can be applied, and if the inclination angle is large, a large stability can be applied, resulting in an extremely comfortable ride. It is something.

Therefore, it eliminates the drawbacks of the water surface penetrating type.

■ By providing a penetration part, it is possible to automatically adjust the vertical attitude without significantly affecting the stability of the main hull against lateral inclination, and it is possible to automatically adjust the attitude of the main hull in the vertical direction without significantly affecting the stability against horizontal inclination. does not require.

■ When the relative change in the water surface is large, that is, when the waves are large, the vertical and horizontal stability forces are transferred to the buoyancy forces of the side floating bodies and the main hull, respectively, expanding the range of stability, making navigation easier than with conventional types. The range of possible sea conditions expands.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are schematic front views showing the conventional example, Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the inclination angle of the hull and the restoring force, and Figure 4
6 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view schematically explaining the principle, FIG. 5 is a side view, and FIG. 6 is a front view. FIG. 7 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Side floating bodies are provided below both sides of the main hull, the water line area of which decreases as it goes downwards, and an appropriate number of hydrofoils are provided extending horizontally from the lower ends of the side floating bodies, and the lower ends of each of the side floating bodies are provided. 1. A hydrofoil boat, characterized in that penetrating wings are provided between the vicinity of the main hull and the center of the bottom surface of the main hull, the penetrating blades being inclined downward toward the floating bodies on each side.