JPS5843891A - Pressure reducing apparatus for surfacing diver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform a specified pressure reduction safely and readily, by filling each chamber of a plurality of pressure reducing standby chambers which are arranged so as to have a required interval in the horizontal direction with compressed air corresponsing to the depth of each chamber, and making the diver enter the lower chamber to the upper chambers sequentially from the lower side. CONSTITUTION:The pressure reduced standby chambers 12-15 are arranged so as to have the required interval in the horizontal direction. For example, the pressure reduced standby chamber 12 is provided at a depth of 3m, the pressure reduced standby chamber 13 at a depth of 6m, the pressure reduced standby chamber 14 at a depth of 9m, and the like. The compressed air is supplied to each pressure reduced chamber through air supply pipes 25, 26, and the like. Therefore, each pressure reduced standby chamber is filled up with the compressed air having the air pressure corresponding to the depth of each chamber. The surfacing diver sequentially moves from the lowest chamber 15 through the upper chambers 14, 13, and 12, with a specified time interval being kept. Thus the specified pressure reduction is performed. A numeral 11 is a weight for keeping the device at an upright state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a decompression device for surfacing a diver using a non-saturation diving type (mask type/skirber type).

Conventionally, when a diver ascends to the surface, in order to prevent decompression sickness (diving sickness, etc.), the flotation tube is stopped for a predetermined period of time at a certain depth to reduce the pressure.

For example, according to the laws and regulations regarding the safety and health of hyperbaric work, underwater work @t90 to 115 minutes at a diving depth of 34 degrees?
When the diver surfaced, Ka, 5 minutes at depth 12,
It is necessary to decompress for a total of 133 minutes (approximately 2°2 hours), 22 minutes at 9W&, 32 minutes at 6m, and 74 minutes at 3' chicken!
6ru0 The above story is based on the following: For example, if you take a buoy at the top end and a weight at the bottom end, and drop a rope into the water, the probe will be 3 times, 6
Attach it to m, 9 books, and 12 scars.

This is done by the diver holding on to a landmark and stopping his ascent for a predetermined period of time.However, it is difficult and physically difficult to maintain a predetermined depth for a considerable length of time while holding on to a rope in an unstable state. It's a big mental burden, and I feel like I'll have to decompress after a while! There were many cases where this was omitted, and the negative effects of this were often omitted, resulting in decompression sickness.

In addition, in the event of an accident such as malfunction of diving equipment or injury,
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology, the object of the present invention is to make it possible to perform decompression in a comfortable state with one simple force. The object of the present invention is to provide a complete decompression device for surfacing for a diver, which can also be used as an emergency device and safely ascend to the surface in the event of an accident.The embodiments shown in the drawings will be explained below.

1. tlj A tower-shaped support frame with a rectangular cross section.
Four pillars made of wood (approximately 20 long columns) of 2 to 5 tons are connected to each other at each height with beams 6 also made of shaped steel, and the upper side is connected with diagonal members 7, and the pillars are made of steel. Scaffolding boards 8 are stretched, handrails 9 are erected, and rings 10 are attached to the upper ends of the six pillars 2 to 5 to connect wire robes suspended by a crane.

Further, at the lower end of the support l, a weight 11 is provided, which is a steel plate box filled with concrete or iron ingots.

In the 12-15Fi decompression waiting room, they are made of steel plate,
Back 1i16,17, left. Right wall 18,1 & top, bottom @20
. An exhaust pipe 24 is provided.

゛Then, each decompression standby chamber 12 to 15 has a predetermined depth based on the opening 22t, that is, the decompression standby chamber 12 has a depth of 3rlL, and the decompression standby chamber 13 has the same depth (5ys1 decompression standby N1).
4 is the same as above, - The decompression waiting chambers 15 are fixed at the height of the support frame l at a predetermined interval t above and below so that they are located in the same Ill, and each decompression waiting chamber 12
~15 each has a waterproof type that stores spare diving equipment, cylinders, repair tools, food and drinks, first aid medicines, portable toilets, etc., lockers, lighting lights, 9 telephone lines for contacting the work boat,
It is equipped with Raco etc. (not shown).

25 to 28 are air pipes attached to each of the six pillars 2 to 5, and pulps 29 to -321 are attached to the upper ends of each of the air pipes 25 to 28.
ζ Decompression waiting *ii + 12K, air pipe 26 to t decompression waiting room 1
3, air pipe 27t - Makoto decompression waiting chamber 14, feeding: trachea 2
8 is piped to the depressurization standby chamber 15 and opened to the Yai section in each chamber, and each opening section is equipped with a check valve 't* to prevent backflow of compressed air due to failure of the air supply mechanism, etc. Each group is waiting 4! l! 24 exhaust pipes for rooms 12 to 15; air supply for each room 1
They are arranged at the same pillars 2 to 50 corresponding to M25 to 28.Then, each pulp 29 to 321 is connected to the air compressor 34 of the work boat 33 with hoses 35 to 38, and each decompression waiting chamber 12 to 15 is connected to the air compressor 34 of the work boat 33. Each air compressor can be connected to the air compressor 34 separately.

39 is a mark indicating the water line provided on the upper part of the 6 columns 2 to 5, and it is possible to adjust each decompression standby -12 to 15 to the predetermined depth based on this mark t. The actual surfacing of a diver using the present launch device & having the above configuration will be explained.

The wire rope 40 attached to the hook 10 of the device 1 of the present invention is suspended into the sea at the work site by connecting it to a crane (not shown), and the scaffold board 8 protrudes into the sea based on the mark 39t. Each of the decompression waiting chambers 12 to 15 is supported in an upright state located at a predetermined depth.

In this case, seawater flows into each of the decompression waiting chambers 12 to 15 through the inlet/outlet openings 22 depending on the water depth, and is exhausted by opening the valves 29 to 32 from which the hoses 35 to 38Vt have been removed in advance. Next, the hose 35-38t pulp is 29-32km long, and then the air compressor 34 is used to supply compressed air pipes to each decompression standby chamber 12-15. The seawater flowing into the chambers 12 to 15 is discharged from the opening 22, and each chamber has a predetermined water depth, that is, the vacuum waiting chamber 12: 411, the vacuum waiting chamber 13: 671. The decompression standby chamber 14 is 9 m long and is filled with compressed air at each pressure corresponding to each water depth in the decompression standby chambers 15a1211, and each decompression standby chamber 1112 to 1fi.
A buoyant force is generated by K, and the balancing action of the weight 11 allows the robot to maintain a predetermined upright state and float.

As described above, when each decompression standby chamber 12 to 15 is filled with compressed air, it is exhausted from each exhaust pipe 24 and bubbles float to the surface.Using this as a guide, operate the valves 29 to 32 to In addition to supplying the necessary amount of air to maintain indoor air in a clean state overnight without seawater flowing into the work vessel 33 and the anchor on the seabed or the existing caisson, (not shown).

However, when the diver 41 returns to the surface after working underwater for t-90 to 115 minutes at a diving depth of 34, as stipulated in the above-mentioned laws and regulations, he first enters the decompression waiting chamber 15 and depressurizes for 5 minutes, and then depressurizes. Move to waiting room 14 and there 2
The pressure was reduced for 2 minutes, and then the pressure was further reduced for 32 minutes in the vacuum waiting room 13, and then the pressure was moved to the vacuum waiting room 12, where the pressure was reduced for 74 minutes.
The specified pressure reduction is completed by reducing the pressure for a minute, so
The diver 41 should leave the decompression waiting room 12 and ascend to the surface. In the above, the divers 4 and their wives should decompress in a comfortable condition, such as by taking off their diving equipment and sitting on the floor, in each of the decompression waiting rooms 12 to 15. In addition to being able to eat, drink, and make phone calls to the ejection 1 work boat as necessary.

In addition, in the event that an accident such as a malfunction of diving equipment or an injury occurs during work, we will evacuate to the appropriate decompression standby @12-15, replace the diving equipment with spare equipment that is outside the scope of diving equipment, and provide emergency assistance. P1 work carried out - Rescue contact 1 can be made to the ship.

In the above embodiment, a case was explained in which a turret-shaped support frame with a rectangular cross section was provided with t-4 rectangular parallelepiped decompression waiting chambers. The decompression waiting chamber is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but also a cylindrical shape with rows of entry and exit openings.
They may be of any suitable shape, such as hemispherical cedar, and the number may be 2 to 3 or 5 or more at each required depth.

Also, explain the case in which compressed air is supplied from the air compressor of the work boat, □8. 1.5
Dou1, Yu. It is also possible to install a 438 engine compressor or an air tank.

In the above, we explained a case where a box-shaped weight T was provided on the lower side of the support frame to maintain the support frame tube in an upright state by balancing it, but this is not limited to this. It may be maintained in an upright state by suspending a weight from the lower end with a chain or by anchoring it to the seabed.As is clear from the above, according to the present invention,
Since a plurality of decompression chambers having access openings that are always open on the lower side are provided on the support frame at an interval of KFhl' above and below each other, each decompression chamber can be opened, for example, as shown in the example. The seawater that had flowed into each room is discharged from the openings in the corridors located at tS degree 3, 6m, 911, and 122m to supply compressed air to each room. Since the air is filled with compressed air at each pressure corresponding to the predetermined depth, a diver attempting to ascend to the surface enters each decompression waiting chamber sequentially from the bottom to the top and stays in each chamber for a predetermined time to achieve the predetermined decompression. It can be performed.

Moreover, in each decompression waiting room, you can decompress in a comfortable state, such as by removing your diving equipment and sitting on the floor, compared to the conventional method of holding on to a rope hanging underwater and maintaining the same depth for 30 to 70 minutes. In addition to significantly reducing the physical and mental burden on divers, each decompression waiting room is equipped with spare diving equipment, medicines, etc.), and accidents such as malfunctions of diving equipment and injuries occur. 3N to the appropriate decompression waiting room! Since it is possible to take necessary measures quickly, it can also be useful for the safety of underwater work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a normal EiO view with a part cut away to show the tube in use state II, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the bottom part similarly shown in use state 1.・・Support frame body, 2
2...Opening, 12-15...Waiting for decompression 11! room, 34
...Air tanklets as a compressed air supply source? -125
~28-...Air pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Several decompression waiting chambers with opening pipes for entry and exit on the lower side are provided on the support frame at a predetermined interval above and below, and each of the decompression waiting chambers is connected to a water source or a compressed air supply source. A decompression device for surfacing for a diver, characterized in that an air supply pipe connected to the air supply pipe is separately provided.