JPS5843757B2 - Touch response device for electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument in which touch response characteristics that differ for each key or each key range can be obtained.

Various types of touch response devices have been developed in the past that control the pitch, timbre, volume, etc. of generated musical tones in accordance with the pressing speed of a key.

By the way, when the touch response device is introduced into a pedal keyboard, for example, variations may occur depending on the type of key pressed (white key or black key) or the key range of the pressed key.

This is because even if the player presses the keys with the intention of pressing them at the same speed, the keys will actually be pressed at different speeds due to differences in the shape of the keys or their positional relationship with respect to the player.

For example, black keys are located in front of the player compared to white keys, are generally shorter in shape, and are pressed down with the toe of the player, so they are pressed down at a slower speed than the player feels.

Also, keys located farther from the center of the performer's body are pressed down at a slower speed than the performer feels, compared to keys located closer.

Therefore, performers with advanced playing skills try to eliminate variations in touch response characteristics by pressing harder on black keys than on white keys, and keys at positions faster than keys at nearby positions.

However, the above-mentioned performance is difficult for beginners, which is not desirable for electronic musical instruments whose purpose is ease of performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument, which changes the touch response characteristics according to the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included, so as to obtain touch response characteristics that match the senses of a performer. purpose.

This invention provides a first contact and a second contact for each key, which switch sequentially in response to the depression of the key, and a period from when the first contact switches to when the second contact switches. , a device that counts a predetermined clock pulse or accumulates a predetermined value, and forms touch data for controlling the generated musical tone according to the counted value or accumulated value, that is, a device that detects the contact time difference of the key switch and generates the touch data. In the apparatus, the frequency of the predetermined clock pulse or the predetermined numerical value is determined by whether the key pressed is a white key or a black key, or a key in a key range close to the player or a key far away. The touch response characteristic is changed depending on whether the key is in the range, etc., and the touch response characteristics are changed depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included.

The present invention also provides a device for forming touch data by detecting a contact time difference of the key switch, in which the interval between the first contact point and the second contact point is determined with respect to a white key, a black key, or a player. The touch response characteristics are arranged differently depending on whether the keys are near or far, and the touch response characteristics change depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a device that detects the pressing speed of a key and converts this detected value into touch data using a touch coder, in which the conversion ratio of the touch coder is determined according to the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included. The touch response characteristics are set differently depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the touch response device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and shows a case where the present invention is applied to a keyboard for playing a single note, such as a pedal keyboard.

Key switch KS,...Ksi...K
Sn has a break contact B, which is a first contact, and a make contact M, which is a second contact.

When the key is not pressed down, the break contact B is on and the make contact M is off.

When the key is pressed, break contact B is first turned off,
The make contact M is turned on after a predetermined time corresponding to the pressing speed of the key has elapsed.

The pressing speed of the key is detected by counting the time from when the break contact B turns off until the make contact M turns on.

The signals of break contact B and make contact M of each key switch KS, ~KSn are
Pressing speed detection circuit DK provided corresponding to...
...DKl...Added to DKn.

Note that the pressing speed detection circuits DK, ~DKn are the circuit DKiσ
) details are shown, but other circuits DK,~DK・
, DKi+, to DKn have a similar configuration.

The key switch KSi will be explained below. When the key is not pressed down, the signal generated at the break contact B is O'', which causes the AND circuit ANI to be inactive.

When the key starts being pressed and break contact B turns off,
Since the signal u 111 is generated at the break contact B and the signal T+ 1 ++ is also generated at the make contact M, the AND circuit ANI operates and the signal "1'' is output from the AND circuit AN2.
Add to.

Another signal generated at break contact B! 1111 is applied to the one-shot circuit O8, and the counter CU is reset by the pulse signal generated from the one-shot circuit O8.

The AND circuit AN2 consists of a 3-person AND circuit, and the other 2
The output of the NAND circuit NA1 to which the output of all bits of the counter CU is added, that is, the signal that becomes 0'' when the count value of the counter CU reaches 1' for all bits, and the clock pulse φi are added to the human power.・Ru.

Here, the clock pulse φi is obtained by appropriately frequency-dividing the master clock pulse generated from the pulse generator 1 by the frequency dividing circuit 2, and as will be clear from the explanation below, the period of this clock pulse φ is This will determine the sensitivity of the touch response.

AND circuit AN2 receives the signal +11 from AND circuit AN1
1+ enables operation, applies clock pulse φj to the count input of counter CU, and counter CU starts counting clock pulses φi.

When the key is pressed further, the make contact M of the key switch KSi
When is turned on, the signal at the make contact M becomes 410 I+, thereby rendering the AND circuit AN1 inoperative.

Therefore, the AND circuit AN2 also becomes inactive, and the counting operation of the counter CU is stopped.

At this time, the count value of the counter CU corresponds to the pressing speed of the key.

That is, since the clock pulse φ has a constant period, the count value of the counter CU decreases as the key press speed becomes faster, and the count value of the counter CU increases as the key press speed decreases.

In addition, if the key is pressed down very slowly, the break contact B of the key switch KSi is turned off and then the make contact M is turned off.
Until the key is turned on, the count value of the counter CU may overflow, making it impossible to detect the speed at which the key is pressed.

Therefore, when the contents of all bits of the counter CU become °1'', the AND circuit AN2 is made inactive by the signal '0°' from the NAND circuit NA1, and the count value of the counter CU is held at the maximum value. It has become.

The output of the counter CU is applied to an AND circuit AN3 via a gate G that is opened when the make contact M is turned on.

The AND circuit AN3 has, to other inputs, a signal from the OR circuit 0R1 (not shown) of the press speed detection circuit DKi at the previous stage via an inverter NI, and constitutes a priority circuit with higher priority.

Therefore, even if two or more keys are pressed at the same time, only the AND circuit AN3 of the pressing speed detection circuit corresponding to the key with the highest priority becomes operational, and only the value corresponding to the pressing speed of this one key is output.

At this time, the corresponding AND circuit AN4 also becomes operational and outputs a signal indicating the pressed key.

By the way, the detection sensitivity of the key pressing speed by the pressing speed detection circuit DKi changes depending on the frequency of the clock pulse φi.

For example, even if the key pressing speed is the same, if the frequency of the clock pulse φi is low, the count value of the counter CU will be small and the key pressing speed will be detected as a relatively large value. In this case, the count value of the counter CU becomes large, and the key pressing speed is detected as a relatively small value.

Therefore, in this invention, each press speed detection circuit DK1
~DKn are the output clock pulses φ of the frequency divider circuit 2, respectively.
1~φ.

In addition, the sensitivity of pressing speed detection is varied depending on each weight.

For example, a clock pulse having a lower frequency than that of a press speed detection circuit corresponding to a white key is applied to a press speed detection circuit corresponding to a black key to increase the sensitivity of press speed detection for the black key.

In addition, clock pulses with a lower frequency are applied to the pressing speed detection circuits corresponding to keys located far from the player's position than those corresponding to the pressing speed detecting circuits corresponding to keys located closer to the player's position. This increases the sensitivity of pressing speed detection for keys located far away.

AND circuit AN4 for each of the press speed detection circuits DK1 to DKn
A signal indicating the pressed key output from any one of the keys is added to the key code memory 3.

In response to this signal, the key code memory 3 reads out a key code KC consisting of several bits of digital information and applies it to the latch circuit 4.

The latch circuit 40 input value and output value are applied to the comparator 5.

The comparator 5 compares this human input value and the output value, and when the two do not match, that is, when the output value of the key code memory 3 changes, it generates a signal "1", which is sent to the AND circuit AN.
Add to 5.

The output of the key code memory 3 is applied to the other inputs of the AND circuit AN5 via the OR circuit OR2.

Therefore, the AND circuit AN5 is satisfied under the conditions that an output is generated from the key code memory 3 and the output changes, and outputs a signal "1".

This signal u I I+ is applied to the latch circuit 4 as a load signal, and the output key code KC of the key code memory 3 is loaded into the latch circuit 4 at the timing of this signal.

In addition, each AND circuit A of the pressing speed detection circuit DK, ~DKn
A value corresponding to the key depression speed outputted from any one of N3 is added to the latch circuit 6.

The output of the AND circuit AN5 mentioned above is added as a load signal to the latch circuit 6, and when the output of the AND circuit AN5 is triggered by the signal "1", the pressing speed detection circuit D
Load the values corresponding to the key pressing speeds detected at K, ~DKn.

As described above, this value is inversely proportional to the pressing speed of the key, so the touch coder 7 converts it into a value proportional to the pressing speed, and sends this as touch data TD for controlling the generated musical tone.

Note that by adding the output key code KC of the latch circuit 4 to the touch coder γ, the conversion ratio is changed according to the content of this key code KC, and further different touches are generated depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included. Data TD may also be generated.

Generally, it is necessary to produce a large touch response in the bass range, so musicality can be improved by changing the conversion ratio of the touch data I according to the pitch indicated by the key code KC.

The output of the OR circuit ORI of the press speed detection circuits DK1 to DKn, that is, the signal indicating that the press of any key is detected, and the output of the AND circuit AN5 are connected to an inverter I.
The signal inverted at N2 is applied to an AND circuit AN6.

Therefore, the output of the AND circuit AN6 becomes a signal that rises at the start of pressing the key and falls when the key is released or a new key is pressed, and is sent as the key-on signal KON.

The reason why the key-on signal KON is made to temporarily fall when a new key is pressed is so that the key-on signal KON can be generated even when playing legato, for example.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument that can play multiple notes simultaneously.

The key switch circuit 10 is a key switch K corresponding to a duplicate key.
Each key switch KS has a break contact B.
and a make contact M.

When the key is pressed, the break contact B is first turned off, and then the make contact M is turned on.

Key code 11 is break contact B of each key switch KS
An operating key switch is detected in response to a signal from the spider signal and a signal from the make contact M, and a multi-bit key code KC indicating the operating key switch is generated.

This key code KC is applied to the channel processor 12.

The channel processor 12 has a number of sound generation channels corresponding to the maximum number of simultaneous sounds, and when a key code KC is added from the key code 11, it first searches for an empty channel, and then searches for the key code K added to this empty channel.
This key code KC is synchronized with the time slot corresponding to each channel and the time-sharing key code KC* is assigned.
Bind and output.

As the key code 11 and the channel processor 12, for example, the circuit described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-46088 entitled "Electronic musical instrument" or the like can be used.

In response to the key code KC applied from the channel processor 12 or the key code 11, a signal TK1 indicating that the break contact B of the key switch KS is turned off, and a signal TK2 indicating that the make contact M is turned on, is transmitted to the time-sharing key code KC*. The output is time-divided in synchronization with the time slots.

These signals TK1 and TK2 are connected to an inverter IN10.
The inverted signal is applied to the AND circuit AN10.

Therefore, if we look at the operation of the AND circuit AN10 focusing only on the time slot, we can see that the AND circuit AN10
The opening operation is possible from when the break contact B of the key switch KS is turned off until the make contact M is turned on.

The output of this AND circuit ANIO is applied to the numerical memory 13 as an enable signal EN.

The numerical memory 13 is, for example, a read-only memory' (RO
M), and predetermined numerical information is stored using each key code KC as an address.

This numerical information determines the sensitivity of the touch response, as described later.Set a small numerical value for the key code corresponding to the key that needs to increase the sensitivity, and conversely, corresponds to the key that needs to decrease the sensitivity. Set a large number for the key code that you want to use.

For example, the key code of a key far away from the performer's position should be set to a smaller value than the key code of a nearer position, and the key code of a black key should be set to a smaller value than the key code of a white key. Set a value smaller than the value.

Note that this numerical value does not necessarily have to be a different numerical value for each key code, and may be different depending on the key range or key group, for example.

The numerical memory 13 reads out predetermined numerical information in response to the time-sharing key code KC* outputted from the channel processor 12 as well.

However, the numeric information is read from this numeric memory 13 by the enable signal E applied from the AND circuit AN10.
N is only during signal II I H.

Therefore, considering only one channel, the numerical memory 13 is the break contact B of the key switch KS.
The opening operation is possible from when the make contact M is turned off until the make contact M is turned on, and the numerical information stored in correspondence with the key code KC* applied during this period is read out.

The numerical information read from the numerical memory 13 is sent to the adder 14
, a selection circuit 15, a gate 16, and a shift register 17, the signal is accumulated in a time-division manner in synchronization with the clock pulse φ.

Here, when the channel processor 12 generates a signal SET indicating that a sound generation has been assigned, that is, when a new key code KC is assigned, the gate 16 is closed and all bit values added to the system register 17 are set to "O++". to clear the accumulated value.

Also, if the key is pressed down very slowly, the number memory 1
The adder 16 that adds the output value of the shift register 17 and the output value of the shift register 17 may overflow.

At this time, the carry signal CA of the adder 14 is sent to the selection circuit 1.
In addition to 5, a value in which all bit values are '1' is selected, and the accumulated value is held at the maximum value (a value in which all bit values are l").

The values sequentially accumulated in the shift register 17 are generated when the make contact M of the key switch KS is turned on.
The value taken out through the gate 18 opened by K2 and applied to the touch coder 19 is stored in the numerical memory 13 from when the break contact B of the key switch KS is turned off until the make contact M is turned on.
This is a value obtained by sequentially accumulating predetermined numerical values read from , in constant synchronization with the lock pulse φ.

Therefore, if the value read from the numerical memory 13 is constant, the longer the time from break contact B turning off until the make contact M turns on, the larger the value becomes; the shorter the time, the smaller the value becomes. The value corresponds to (inversely proportional to) the speed.

Also, if the pressing speed of the key, that is, the time from break contact B turning off to make contact M turning on, is constant,
If the value read from the numerical memory 13 is thicker, the value applied to the touch coder 19 becomes larger and is detected as a relatively lower pressing speed, and if the value is smaller, the value applied to the touch coder 19 becomes smaller and is detected as a relatively higher pressing speed, and a numerical memo is written. The value read from January 3 will determine the sensitivity of the touch response.

The touch coder 19 converts the value inversely proportional to the pressing speed into a value proportional to the pressing speed, and sends this as touch data TD used for controlling the generated musical tone.

Note that the key code KC* may be added to the touch coder 19 and the conversion ratio of the touch coder 19 may be changed in accordance with this key code KC*, as in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the above embodiment, the contact gap between the break contact B and the make contact M of each key switch KS is the same, and the frequency of the clock pulse applied to the counter CU (FIG. 1) or the adder 14 (FIG. 2) The numerical information added to the accumulator consisting of etc. is changed depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included, and touch data TD with different sensitivity depending on the pressed key or area is obtained. CU(
The frequency of the clock pulse applied to the clock pulse (Fig. 1) or the numerical information applied to the accumulator consisting of the adder 14 (Fig. 2) etc. is kept constant, and the break contact B (first contact) and make contact M of each key switch are kept constant. The contact gap of the (second contact) may be set differently depending on the duplicate key or key range, etc., so that a touch response that changes depending on the pressed key or key range may be obtained.

For example, if the contact gap of the black key is made narrower than the contact gap of the white key, even if the black key and the white key are pressed at a pressing speed of 1L, the count value of the accumulator consisting of the adder 14 etc. will be black. When a key is pressed down, the sensitivity is smaller than when a white key is pressed down, so that the sensitivity of the touch response to the black key is relatively improved.

Also, if the contact gap of a key located far from the player's position is narrower than the contact gap of a key located close to the player's position, the touch response of the key located far from the player's position will be The sensitivity of is relatively improved.

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain different touch response characteristics depending on the pressed key or the key range in which the pressed key is included, and by appropriately adjusting the rate of change in the touch response, it is possible to Since it is possible to obtain matched touch response characteristics, there is a great advantage in terms of performance effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the invention. 1... Pulse generator, 2... Frequency dividing circuit, I, 19... Touch coder, 10...
...Key switch circuit, 13... Numerical memory, 14... Adder, KS, KS, ~KSri
...Key switch, B...Break contact, M...Make contact, CU...Counter, DK, ~DKn...Press speed detection circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A first contact and a second contact that are sequentially switched in response to the depression of the key are provided for each key, and even if the first contact is switched, the second contact is not switched. The touch response device of the electronic musical instrument, which counts predetermined clock pulses and forms touch data for controlling generated musical tones according to the counted value, changes the frequency of the predetermined clock pulses for each key. Alternatively, a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument is provided with a means for changing each key range, and the touch response characteristics are different depending on the key range. 2. A first contact and a second contact that switch sequentially in response to the key press are arranged for each key, and from the time the first contact switches until the second contact switches, In a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument that accumulates a numerical value in response to a constant clock pulse and forms touch data for controlling generated musical tones in accordance with this accumulated value, the predetermined numerical value is applied to a pressed key or a key including the pressed key. A touch response device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising a means for changing the touch response characteristics according to a signal indicating the range, and obtaining a touch response characteristic that changes depending on the pressed key or the key range. 3 A first contact and a second contact are provided for each key, which switch sequentially in response to key presses, and the time from when the first contact switches to when the second contact switches is counted. In a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument that forms touch data for musical tone control according to the counted value, the contact gap between the first contact point and the second contact point is varied depending on a key or a key range, A touch response device for an electronic musical instrument that obtains touch response characteristics that vary depending on the key or key range. 4. In a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument that detects the pressing speed of a key and converts this detected value at a predetermined conversion ratio by a touch coder to form touch data for controlling generated musical sounds, Alternatively, a touch response device for an electronic musical instrument is provided with a means for changing the touch response characteristics according to a signal indicating a key range in which a pressed key is included, so as to obtain a touch response characteristic that changes depending on the pressed key or key range.