JPS5843218B2 - tool storage magazine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a tool storage magazine used in a machine tool with an automatic tool changer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to enable a tool holder, which is pivotably arranged in a closed loop in a tool storage magazine, to be held in two different angular positions as required, and at a large angle with respect to the center of rotation of the magazine. By having a tool holder held at a position at a small angle carry a large diameter tool, and a tool holder held at a position at a small angle with respect to the magazine rotation center a small diameter tool, the tool holding interval is not unnecessarily increased.
To provide an automatic tool changer that can reduce the swinging diameter of the magazine, provide space for holding large diameter tools with a simple structure, and make it possible to configure a small tool storage magazine extremely compactly. It is particularly suitable for machine tools that have a spindle head with an automatic tool changer.

To achieve the above objective, a large-diameter tool guide path and a small-diameter tool guide path with different depths are provided in a closed loop around the rotation center of the magazine, and both guide paths are closed at the tool change preparation position. It is set to merge.

Further, the tool holder is movably provided with a retaining member (a roller is used in the embodiment of the present invention) that engages with the guide path and guides the tool holder, and is attached to the tool holder. Depending on whether the tool to be used is a large-diameter tool or a small-diameter tool, a selection member included in the tool itself selectively moves the engagement member to move the engagement member to the tool guide path corresponding to the tool to be mounted on the tool holder. Each tool holder is configured to be guided along the same.

Therefore, the tool guide path corresponding to each tool is selected by simply mounting the tool on the tool holder, so there is an advantage that the structure for achieving the above object is extremely simple.

As described above, by merging the large-diameter tool guide path and the small-diameter tool guide path at the tool change preparation position, the tool holder brought to the tool change preparation position is completely aligned with respect to the magazine rotation center. Since they are set at the same angular position, there is an advantage that no special tool holder elevating device is required.

Furthermore, with the configuration of the tool guide path described above, all the tool holders that have been replaced can be erected uniformly at the same angular position. Since the retaining member of the holder is introduced into the required tool guide path, an extremely smooth tool change operation is achieved.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a machine tool with an automatic tool changer equipped with a tool storage magazine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a column guide path 2 and a table guide path 3 are provided on the upper surface of the base 1.

A column 4 is placed on the column guide path 2 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction.

A table 5 is placed on the table guide path 3 so as to be slidable in two axial directions.

A spindle head guide path 6 is provided on the side surface of the column 4, and a spindle head 7 is placed on the guide path 6 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction.
A tool spindle 8 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 7 .

A tool transfer device main body 9 is placed on the spindle head 7 tilted to the right when viewed from the front, and further on the tool transfer device main body 9 is a magazine base that rotatably supports a tool storage magazine 10. 11 is placed.

Therefore, when the next tool call command is issued, the tool storage magazine 10 rotates to index the tool holder with the required tool installed to the front (tool change preparation position), and at that position, the machining completion command is issued. Wait there.

When a machining completion command is issued, the tool holder is tilted to a position parallel to the spindle (tool exchange position), and the tool is exchanged.

The tool transfer device main body 9 is provided with a tool transfer arm 12 that can move back and forth (in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper) and rotate.
and the tool in the tool holder tilted to the tool exchange position are simultaneously exchanged.

Next, a detailed explanation of the tool storage magazine 10 and the tool transfer device will be provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pillar 13 is erected at the center of the magazine base 11.

A circular magazine disk 1 is attached to the column 13 via a bearing 14.
5 is rotatably supported.

A gear 16 is attached to the lower surface of the magazine disk 15, and rotation of the drive motor is transmitted to the magazine disk 15 via the gear 16.

A plurality of support arms 17 are formed radially around the outer periphery of the magazine disk 15, and a pivot pin 18 is rotatably supported on the support arms 17.

A tool holder 19 is pivotally held between the support arm 17vc via a pivot pin 18.

A tapered tool insertion hole 19A is formed in the tool holder 19, into which the tapered shank portion 20 of the small diameter long tool Ta shown in FIG. 2 or the large diameter short tool Tb shown in FIG. 8 is inserted.

A pull stud 21 for tool locking is attached to the rear end of the shank portion 20, but the large diameter short tool Tb
Pull stud 2 attached to the rear end of the shank part 20 of
As shown in FIG. 6, a notch 21B is formed in a part of the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 21A.

The small-diameter long tools mentioned above include boring bars, drills, taps, reamers, etc., and the large-diameter short tools include face milling cutters.

A guide hole 22 is bored in the tool holder 19 parallel to its axis, and a part of the guide hole 22 is connected to the tool insertion hole 1.
9AK is communicating.

A rod 23 is slidably inserted into the guide hole 22, and a roller 24 is supported on the protruding end of the rod 23.

A long hole 23A is cut into the rod 23, through which the pivot pin 18 passing through the tool holder 19 passes.

A portion of the outer periphery of the pivot pin 18 where it intersects with the rod 23 is shaved off to form a lower surface 18A.

A spring 25 is inserted between the flat surface 18A and the rod 23, and constantly biases the rod 23 in a direction to draw it into the tool holder 19.

The most retracted position of the rod 23 is regulated by the outer R portion of the elongated hole 23A coming into contact with the outer periphery of the pivot pin 18.

Depending on the tool inserted into the tool holder 19, the rod 23
In order to control the insertion and removal of the tool, the rod 23 is formed with a projection 23B that projects into the tool insertion hole 19A.

As described above, when the small diameter long tool Ta is inserted into the tool insertion hole 19A of the tool holder 19, as shown in FIG.
The end surface of the large diameter portion 21A of the pull stud 21 comes into contact with the projection 23B of the rod 23, and pushes the rod 23 to the most protruding position.

This state means that the roller 24 at the tip of the rod 23 selects a small diameter tool guide path (hereinafter referred to as a small diameter tool guide groove in the embodiment) and rolls thereon.

Large diameter short tool tool holder 19 tool insertion hole 1
9A, as shown in FIG. 6, the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 21A of the pull stud 21 of the large diameter short tool Tb is notched, so that the rear end surface 20A of the shank portion 20 is inserted into the rod 2.
3 and pushes out the rod 23 slightly.

This state means that the roller 24 at the tip of the rod 23 selects and rolls in the large-diameter tool guide path C (hereinafter referred to as a large-diameter tool guide groove in the embodiment).

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 7, the top surface of the magazine base 11 has a surface that is inclined outwardly with respect to the pivot axis of the magazine 10 (30 degrees in the embodiment of the present invention). A large diameter tool guide groove 26 is cut in a closed loop shape, and a small diameter tool guide groove 27 parallel to the rotation center axis of the magazine 10 is cut in a closed loop shape on the outside of the large diameter tool guide groove 26. It is set up.

The groove widths of the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 and the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 are the same, and are set to a width sufficient to allow the roller 24 described above to roll smoothly.

In order to selectively guide each tool holder 19 to either the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 or the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 according to the protruding position of the roller 24, the pivot center of the tool holder 19 is When viewed from the center of the movable pin 18, the small diameter tool guide groove 27 is cut deeper than the large diameter tool guide groove 26.

- Also, near both sides of the tool change preparation position X in Fig. 7,
A merging groove 28 inclined outward at 45 degrees with respect to the pivot axis of the magazine 10 is cut on the upper surface of the magazine base 11, slightly inside the large-diameter tool guide groove 26.

The groove width of the merging groove 28 is the same as the small diameter tool guide groove 27 and the large diameter tool guide groove 26, and the groove depth is the same as the small diameter tool guide groove 27, and is formed deeply. There is.

As shown in the figure, the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 smoothly merges into the merging groove 28 from both sides of the tool exchange preparation position X while gradually increasing the outward inclination angle.

Similarly, the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 smoothly merges into the merging groove 28 from the vicinity of both sides of the tool exchange preparation position X while gradually increasing the outward inclination angle.

Therefore, the tool holder 19 with the large-diameter short tool Tb mounted thereon is guided by the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 and inclined outward at 30 degrees with respect to the rotation center axis, but the magazine disk 15 rotates. When indexing is performed and the tool exchange preparation position X is approached, the inclination angle is gradually increased, and when the roller 24 enters the merging groove 28, it is inclined at 45 degrees.

In addition, the tool holder 19 equipped with the small diameter long tool Ta is
The magazine disk 15 is guided by the small diameter tool guide groove 27 and held parallel to the rotation center axis, but when the magazine disk 15 rotates and indexes and approaches the tool change preparation position X,
When the inclination angle is gradually increased and the roller 24 enters the merging groove 28, as in the case of the large diameter short tool Tb [45
tilted to a degree.

At the tool exchange preparation position X on the top surface of the magazine base 11,
A radial relief groove 29 slightly wider than the diameter of the roller 24 is cut, and the tool holder 1 is cut at the tool change preparation position X.
When the roller 9 is raised or lowered, the turning locus of the roller 24 passes through it.

A plate 30 is attached to the front surface of each tool holder 19, and a cylindrical engagement protrusion 30A is provided at the bottom of the plate 30.
is provided.

Additionally, a tool holder 19 is provided on the top surface of the tool transfer device main body 9.
A positioning plate 31 is attached for accurately positioning the tool exchange position parallel to the spindle axis when the tool is tilted.

A guide groove 32 is installed parallel to the spindle axis between the positioning plate 31 and the tool transfer device main body 90, and an elevation block 33 is slidably fitted to the guide rod 32 parallel to the spindle axis.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the magazine base 1
1 is formed with a radial escape groove 34 through which the elevation block 33 moves in and out.

Protrusions 33A and 33B are formed on the upper surface of the elevation block 33, and the elevation block 33 is normally at the forward end and holds the tool holder 19 (inclined at 45 degrees) indexed at the tool change preparation position X. The cylindrical engagement protrusion 30A is the protrusion 33A of the elevation block 33.

33B and guide it.

Therefore, at the tool exchange preparation position X, the merging groove 28 is cut off, so the roller 24
However, in its place, the projection 33A on the upper surface of the elevation block 33 is replaced as described above.

33B sandwich and guide the cylindrical retaining protrusion 30A therebetween.

Next, a mechanism for sliding the elevation block 33 back and forth will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 3, a drive rod 45 is fitted into the tool transfer device main body 9 so as to be slidable in parallel with the guide rod 32, and the tip of the drive rod 45 is pinned to the elevation block 33. .

A first shaft 47 is rotatably supported between the tool transfer device main body 9 and the rear cover 46 in parallel with the drive rod 45, and a second shaft 48 is rotatably supported below the first shaft 47. Bearing possible.

A cylindrical drum cam 49 is keyed to the first shaft 47, and a cam groove 49 shown in FIG.
A has been deleted.

A cam follower 45A attached to the rear end of the drive rod 45 is engaged with the cam groove 49A.

Therefore, when the first shaft 47 rotates, the drive rod 45 reciprocates parallel to the main shaft axis, driving the elevation block 33 back and forth.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, a cylinder 50 is formed below the second shaft 48 in a direction perpendicular to the second shaft 48, and a piston 51 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 50. It is fitted.

The piston 51 is provided with racks 52A and 52B on the upper and lower sides, respectively, and the upper rack 52A is connected to the second shaft 48.
It meshes with a pinion 48A provided in the.

Further, a gear 48B provided on the second shaft 48 meshes with a gear 47AvC provided on the first shaft 47.

Therefore, the reciprocating motion of the piston 51 is transmitted to the first shaft 47 via the second shaft 48, causing the drive rod 45 to reciprocate.

Next, regarding the tool transfer arm 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pivot shaft 53 is supported below the cylinder 50 in parallel to the main shaft axis.

The turning center shaft 53 is capable of turning and reciprocating in the axial direction,
A tool transfer arm 12 is attached to its tip.

At both ends of the tool transfer arm 120, tool gripping portions 54 having a V-shaped cross section and a substantially semicircular shape are formed.
Engages with the groove to grip the tool.

A reciprocating shaft 59 is fitted into the rotation center shaft 53 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a piston 60 attached to the rear of the reciprocating shaft 59 is connected to a cylinder attached to the rear of the tool transfer device main body 9. 61.

Therefore, the reciprocating shaft 59 moves forward and backward by pressure oil selectively supplied to the left and right cylinder chambers of the cylinder 61 via the solenoid valve 62.

A pinion 64 is keyed to the pivot shaft 53 at the rearward end of the pivot shaft 53 and engages with the lower rack 52B of the piston 51 described above.

Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the piston 51 causes the drive rod 45 (FIG. 3) to reciprocate as described above, causing the tool holder 19 to move up and down, and also moving the tool transfer arm 12 from the standby position to the gripping position by 90 degrees. Swirl.

In the present invention, the elevation movement of the tool holder 19 and the tool transfer arm 1
Although the turning operation of No. 2 is linked and proceeds simultaneously, the operation of tilting the tool holder 19 to the tool exchange position is completed faster,
After the tool is positioned parallel to the spindle axis, the tool gripping portion 54 of the tool transfer arm 12 bites into the flange portion of the tool.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the lead of the cam groove 49A on the outer periphery of the drum cam 49 is constant at a position θ2 before the full rotation angle θ1 of the drum cam 49, so the tool transfer arm 12 is During the swing, the drive rod 45 completes its backward movement and remains stationary along the constant lead cam groove 49A.

The tool transfer device main body 9 has the cylinder 5 on its front side.
A cylinder 65 parallel to 0 [180 degree rotation and the same circumference is formed,
A piston 66 is slidably fitted into the cylinder 65.

A rack 66A is cut into the piston 66 and engages with the pinion 64 when the pivot axis 53 reaches the forward end.

In order to smoothly transfer the pinion 64 from the rear rack 52B to the front rack 66A, a guide bar 67 is provided adjacent to the pivot axis 53 as shown in FIG.

A long tooth 67A that meshes with the teeth of the pinion 64 is cut into the guide bar 67 in parallel to the rotation center axis 53.

At the forward end and backward end of the rotation center shaft 53, the pinion 64
When the guide bar 67 is engaged with the rack 52B or 66A, the teeth 67 of the guide bar 67 are completely separated from the teeth of the pinion 64, but when the pivot shaft 53 moves slightly forward or backward, the teeth 67 of the guide bar 67 engage with the teeth of the pinion 64. The smooth bearing of the pinion 64 performs a handover and prevents rotation of the pivot shaft 53.

The tool storage magazine of the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows.

At the beginning of the operation, as shown in FIG. 2, the solenoid SQLA of the solenoid pulp 62 is energized and
-B is deenergized and the reciprocating shaft 59 is at its rearward end.

The elevation block 33 is at its forward end.

When a tool calling command is issued, the magazine disk 15 performs rotational indexing to index the tool holder 19 loaded with the required tool to the tool exchange preparation position X.

The indexed tool is tilted at 45 degrees and moved to the elevation block 33.
The protrusions 33A and 33B on the top surface of the tool holder 1 are indexed.
The cylindrical retaining protrusion 30A (No. 9) is sandwiched and held, and when a tool change command is issued (No. 1), the tool waits in this state.

When machining with the tool inserted in the tool spindle 8 is completed and a tool change command is issued, the piston 51 is activated.
The upper rack 52A allows the first
The drive rod 45 is rotated by the drum cam 49.
make a backward movement.

At the same time, the lower rack 52B rotates the pinion 64, so the tilting operation of the tool holder 19 and the turning operation of the tool transfer arm 12 from the standby position to the gripping position shown in FIG. 1 are linked and superposed and proceed simultaneously. .

Immediately after the tool holder 19 is positioned at the tool exchange position parallel to the spindle axis, the tool gripping portions 5 at both ends of the tool transfer arm 12
4 bites into the flange portion of the tool in the tool holder 19 and the tool spindle 8, respectively.

Next, the clamp of the tool in the tool spindle 8 is released, and the rotation center shaft 53 is advanced to simultaneously extract the tools from the tool spindle 8 and the tool holder 19.

After the tool transfer arm 12 is swiveled open 180 degrees at the forward end, the pivot shaft 53 is retracted at the backward end 1, and new and old tools are inserted into the main shaft 8 and the tool holder 19 interchangeably.

At this time, depending on whether the tool inserted into the tool holder 19 is a large diameter short tool Tb or a small diameter long tool Ta, the roller 24
The protruding position changes.

The reciprocating shaft 59 is at its retreating end! When retracting with , the tool spindle 8
As the tool inside is clamped, the rear piston 51 operates in the opposite direction to the front, and the upper rack 5
2A, the drum cam 49 is rotated via the second shaft 48, and the drive rod 45 is advanced.

At the same time, the lower rack 52B rotates the pinion 64 in the opposite direction, so the raising operation of the tool holder 19 and the turning operation of the tool transfer arm 12 from the gripping position to the standby position are linked and overlapped at the same time. proceed.

However, as shown in FIG. 4, since the cam groove 49A has no lead in the initial stage, the tool transfer arm 12 is first
The tool transfer arm 1 rotates and separates from the tool flange portion, and the tool transfer arm 1 is moved at an angle that does not interfere with the tool transfer arm even if the tool holder 19 is raised.
After the tool holder 2 rotates, the tool holder 19 is raised.

The tool transfer arm 12 returns to the standby position, and the tool holder 19
When the tool is raised to the 5th degree and the completion of the tool exchange operation is confirmed, machining using the new tool inserted into the tool spindle 8 is started.

Next, when a tool calling command is issued again, the magazine disk 15 performs rotation indexing.

Therefore, if the tool currently inserted into the tool holder 19 is a large-diameter short tool Tb, the roller 24 is in the retracted position, and as the magazine disk rotates 150 times,
The tool holder 19 gradually stands up, and is finally guided by the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 and held in an upright position at 30 degrees.

Furthermore, when the tool inserted into the tool holder 19 is a small-diameter long tool Ta, the roller 24 is at the most protruding position, and as the magazine disk 150 rotates, the tool holder 19 gradually stands up, and finally is guided by the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 and held parallel to the pivot axis of the magazine 10.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 is inclined outward at 30 degrees, and the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 is set parallel to the pivot axis of the magazine 10. The degree of inclination of these grooves is not limited to the embodiments of the present invention, and the most appropriate angle can be adopted depending on the diameter and length of the tool used.

The inclination angle of the merging groove 28 should also be arbitrarily determined as necessary. For example, the inclination angle of the merging groove 28 may be made the same as that of the large-diameter tool guide groove 26 or the small-diameter tool guide groove 27. It is also possible to make the inclination angle of the merging groove 28 even steeper.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the large diameter tool guide groove 2
6 and the small-diameter tool guide groove 27 are determined by the depth of the groove, but this is not limited to this embodiment. For example, a switching device may be provided at the merging position of the grooves, and the It is also possible to selectively operate the switching device to introduce the guide groove into the required guide groove, and it is also possible to change the groove width of the guide groove for small diameter tools and large diameter tools, so that the groove can be guided by rolling. This is also possible by selecting rollers of different sizes.

As stated above, the present invention is not limited to the groove structure shown in the embodiments, and changes are expected within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as described in the claims. be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall front view of a machine tool with an automatic tool changer equipped with the tool storage magazine of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the tool storage magazine when the tool holder is in the tool change preparation position, Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the tool storage magazine when the tool holder is tilted to the tool exchange position, Figure 4 is a developed view of the drum cam, Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 2, and Figure 6 is Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tool holder into which the large diameter short tool Tb is inserted, No. 7
The figure is a partial plan view of the magazine base. Figure [i-ite] 7...Spindle head, 8...Tool spindle, 9
... Tool transfer device main body, 10... Tool storage magazine, 11... Magazine base, 12... Tool transfer arm,
19... Tool holder, Ta... Small diameter long tool, Tb
... Large diameter short tool, 23... Rod, 24... Roller, 26... Large diameter tool guide groove, 2T... Small diameter tool guide groove, 28... Merging groove, 33 ...Elevation block, 49...Drum cam, 51...Piston, 5
9... Reciprocating shaft, 64... Pinion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tool storage magazine that holds a plurality of tools in a closed loop has a magazine base for supporting the tool storage magazine; a plurality of tool holders arranged in a closed loop around the movable body so as to be pivotable in a direction perpendicular to the indexing direction and for supporting tools; a large diameter tool guide path provided in the magazine base in a closed loop around the rotation center of the rotating body to hold the tool holder; and a large diameter tool guide path that is smaller than the large diameter tool with respect to the rotation center of the rotation body In order to hold the tool holder at an angle, a small diameter tool guide path is provided in a closed loop shape around the center of rotation of the rotating body and has a different depth from the large diameter tool guide path. The tool guide path and the small diameter tool guide path are merged at a tool exchange preparation position, and further, an engaging member that engages with the guide path and guides the tool holder is moved in the depth direction of the groove in the tool holder. The engaging member, which is engaged with a selection member of the tool itself when the tool is installed in the tool holder, is selectively moved in accordance with the depth of the groove, so that the tool is installed in the tool holder. A tool storage magazine characterized in that each tool holder is guided along a guide path according to the guide path.