JPS5842237B2 - Phosphate-free mechanical dishwashing composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to phosphate-free mechanical dishwashing compositions, and more particularly to phosphorus-free mechanical dishwashing compositions that are more effective at cleaning food than phosphate-based dishwashing compositions. The present invention relates to a mechanical dishwashing composition that can remove dirt from cooking and eating utensils, leaving fewer stains on glassware and tableware and making them more beautiful.

In the detergent industry, a clear distinction is made between those used for laundry purposes, those used for mechanical dishwashing purposes, and those used for manual dishwashing purposes.

Cleaning compositions for laundry purposes generally use highly foaming organic surfactants as the primary cleaning agent.

Foaming 41 Unless it's so bad that it overflows from the washing machine,
It is generally considered advantageous in laundry compositions.

This is because its localized mechanical action helps release dirt from the textile matrix.

This local action is desirable because the substrate in the washing machine is subjected to only relatively weak mechanical agitation.

In contrast, in the mechanical dishwashing method currently used for washing china, glass, porcelain, metals and hard composites (the washing liquid is sprayed with a large mechanical impact onto the utensils to be cleaned).

Recently, the development of dishwashing equipment has been directed towards further increasing the strength of the liquid movement and the volume of water being circulated per minute, thus further improving the mechanical cleaning effect of the washing liquid. is intended.

In comparison to laundry compositions, mechanical dishwashing compositions are preferably very low foaming compositions, which
This is because the formation of foam reduces the mechanical impact of the liquid being sprayed onto the equipment to be cleaned.

Surfactants useful in mechanical dishwashing compositions are not only low foaming per se, but also contain foam suppressors so that the foaming caused by the combination of protein and food debris with alkaline cleaning solutions is kept to a minimum. Preferably, it is an agent.

However, in this respect (1) it is completely different from manual dishwashing compositions which are preferably highly foaming and which are rather close to the characteristics of laundry compositions.

The present invention provides photophate-free mechanical dishwashing compositions.

The present invention also removes food stains from cooking and eating utensils more effectively than photophate-based dishwashing compositions, leaving fewer stains on glassware and tableware and making them more aesthetically pleasing. A phosphate-free mechanical dishwashing composition is provided.

For these and other purposes, water-soluble salts of alkali metal or ammonium carbonates and polyelectrolytes can be used to
:l to about too :l by weight of the present invention which provides a low foaming mechanical dishwashing composition.

The phosphate-free, low foaming mechanical dishwashing composition of the present invention comprises:

1) Alkali Metal or Ammonium Carbonates Representative alkali metal carbonates used in the compositions of the present invention are alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates and mixtures thereof.

Examples of such carbonates include lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and mixtures thereof.

A preferred alkali metal carbonate is sodium carbonate.

11) Water-soluble salt of polyelectrolyte having the following structural formula:
are the same or different types, hydrogen, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, lower alkylcarbonyloxy,
selected from hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkyl, phenyl, carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkyl carbonyloxy lower alkyl, and carbamyl, with only one R or can be lower alkyl or phenyl: X.

Y and ZC1 are the same or different and each is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, carboxy, and lower alkoxycarbonyl, provided that at least one of X, Y, and Z is selected from carboxy and lower alkoxycarbonyl. and when X and Y are each lower alkoxycarbonyl, Z is carboxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl,
However, only one of X, Y and Z can be a lower alkyl; aζ is smaller than 0 to 1, and represents a+b=1; n is about 3 to about 1000, and the equivalent weight of this polyelectrolyte is It shall be less than 160 when calculated as acid form.

As used herein, the term "equivalent" refers to the Durham equivalent weight of a substance, calculated by dividing the formula weight of the substance by its valence.

For these acids, valence<1 number of substitutable hydrogen atoms.

Typical polyelectrolytes represented by the above structural formula are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid,
homopolymers of itaconic acid, one or more copolymerizable monomers such as acrylamide, acrylonitrile hydrolysates, lower alkyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids as mentioned above, lower alkyl vinyl ethers, ethylene,
It is a copolymer of styrene etc. and the above acids.

Preferably, the polyelectrolyte is polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, or a copolymer of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

Although polyelectrolytes having a wide range of molecular weights having a degree of polymerization (n) of 3 to 1000 may be used in the present invention, the preferred polyelectrolytes are those having a low molecular weight having a degree of polymerization (n) of from about 5 to about 20.

The preferred low molecular weight polymeric polyelectrolytes of this invention are made in conventional manner by polymerizing vinyl monomers in the presence of chain transfer agents which act to control the chain length of the polymer.

Although any chain transfer agent can be used, preferred chain transfer agents are compounds with mercapto (-8H') such as alkyl mercaptans, mercapto acids, thio acids, inorganic thio compounds, and the like.

The water-soluble salts of the polyelectrolytes mentioned above may be alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, or goammonium or substituted ammonium salts.

The water-soluble salts of alkali metal carbonate and polyelectrolyte that together make up the low foaming mechanical dishwashing composition of the present invention are about 1:1.
~100''1% preferably combined in a weight ratio of about 3:1 to about 90:1.

The phosphate-free mechanical dishwashing composition 6''i of the present invention may also optionally contain:

a) Foam-inhibiting nonionic surfactant up to about 1O weight.

Examples of such surfactants include (1) modified ethoxylated alcohols or (1)alkylphenol types, in which the ethoxylate substitutes a terminal OH group with a halogen, such as chlorine, or with an alkoxy, aryloxy, and arylalkyloxy group. Modified products; amine polyglycol condensates; Blueronic surfactants obtained by condensing a hydrophobic base made by condensing propylene oxide and propylene glycol with ethylene oxide, etc.

Representative of such surfactants are Antalox BL-225 and BL-330, Antalox LF-330 and LF available from GAF Corporation.
-334; Brulofac RA43, Brulofac RA435 available from Wyandotte Chemical Corporation; Tergitolmin Forms IX and 2 from Union Carbide Corporation
X; Triton CFIO, CF21 jCF54°DPI available from Rohm and Haas Company
2, DFI 6.

b) Alkali metal silicates in 50 grw form.

The alkali metal silicates used in the compositions of the present invention range from metasilicates, often designated as 1:1MeO'5i02 silicates, to low M20:St02 silicates, such as 3.2:1 silicates, where M20
represents the alkali metal oxide moiety of the silicate).

Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium and potassium silicates of the type mentioned above.

Silica H''i is an optional component rather than an essential component of the composition of the present invention, but it is used when corrosion prevention of metal parts is desired.
Useful for 1%.

As described above, compositions that do not contain silicate are preferably used in dishwashing compositions for public facilities that are to be used only for washing glassware and china.

In such cases, however, it may be advantageous to substitute some free caustic, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, for the silicate in order to give the composition a high degree of alkaline retention.

However, in household mechanical dishwashing compositions, silicate-based compositions are preferred since silverware, aluminum pots and pans and other metal utensils are washed along with china and glassware.

For optimum corrosion protection (one composition of the invention preferably contains from about 6 to about 10% SiO2 by weight of silicates) up to about 80% by weight of inert diluents such as alkali metal chlorides, Sulfates, nitrites, etc.

Examples of such diluents include sodium or potassium chloride, sodium or potassium sulfate, sodium or potassium nitrite, and the like.

Small amounts of other conventional additives such as perfumes, colorants, chlorinated bleaches, disinfectants or other similar additives may also be used as appropriate.

The mechanical dishwashing composition of the present invention (1) can be stored and used either as a dry mixture of the above composition or as a concentrated solution of the above composition mixed with about 20-90% water.

Preferably, the concentrate of the mechanical dishwashing composition of the present invention contains from about 40 to about 80 parts water.

The alkaline, phosphate-free, low-foaming mechanical dishwashing compositions of the present invention can be washed in a conventional dishwasher at about 0.0
5 to about 0.5 weight □□□, preferably (about 0.1 to about 0
．． As an aqueous solution containing a composition of approximately 3% by weight,
The aqueous solution is applied to the surface to be cleaned at a temperature of about 200'F, preferably from about 130° to about 160'F, under conditions such that the aqueous solution exerts a high mechanical impact on the surface to be cleaned at said temperature. very effectively removes food stains and residue from dishes, glassware and other cooking and eating utensils when applied to

Although any method can be used to apply the aqueous solution of the dishwashing composition to the soiled surface, it is particularly effective when using a spray cleaning device of the type commonly used for cooking and eating utensils. It was found that

Furthermore, when the composition of the present invention is used, very effective washing can be performed with low foaming even in dishwashing machines in public facilities.

It is preferable to rinse the clean surface with clean water in the final step of the cleaning process.

In accordance with the present invention, it has been found that the compositions of the present invention not only remove food residue very effectively (i) but also leave washed dishes and glassware with fewer stains and more beautiful than with conventional cleaning compositions. It was done.

The mechanical dishwashing composition and dishwashing method of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples.

Unless otherwise specified, parts and parts are by weight.Example 1-18 One important performance of dishwashing detergents (1) Preventing or preventing the formation of stains or films on dishes and glassware. It is an ability.

Stains are usually caused by the deposition of insoluble inorganic salts.

Deposit formation also interferes with the operation of the cleaning equipment and often requires repair.

Therefore, the dishwashing composition was mixed with 300 ppm hard water (Ca:
Mg=60:40)6C, was dissolved to form a 0.15% solution, and the solution was heated to 140'F and held there for 30 minutes with magnetic stirring for a deposition tendency test.

At various times this solution becomes hazy and cloudy c1
We investigated the sedimentation state.

Satisfactory was the absence of precipitation within 10 minutes at 140°F.

The results of such tests are shown in Table 1.

These results demonstrate that the 41 low molecular weight polyelectrolyte is superior to the high molecular weight polyelectrolyte in the compositions of the present invention and that both are superior to the control containing no polyelectrolyte.

Examples 19-22 These examples (1) are a comparison of the results obtained with a mechanical dishwashing composition according to the invention and a phosphate-based dishwashing composition.

Evaluation Ci: Performed according to Method 4198 (False Spot and Film Formation Test in Household Dishwashers) as described in the Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association, Inc. report dated July 31, 1957. .

The results of this evaluation are shown in Table 2.

As can be seen from these results, the compositions of the present invention are 6 times better than the controls with and without phosphate (Examples 19 and 22).

Evaluation of automatic dishwashing detergents for film-forming and spot-forming properties Examples 23-28 It shows.

Corrosion testing is carried out in accordance with Intrium Federal Specification AP D 00425d (GSA-FSS) dated June 17, 1968 for mechanical dishwashing compounds.
).

First, a stock solution of the cleaning composition was prepared as follows.

That is, the composition (50 g) was added to CO2-free distilled water for 55 minutes.
Combed at ~65°C.

The solution was cooled to 200+1° C. and diluted to exactly 1 liter with water.

Corrosion tests were carried out on aluminum strips using the above solution at two dilution levels, I and ■.

Dilution Level/L/I Obtained by diluting 18.75 ml of Lf stock solution to 250 ml with distilled water.

Dilution level II Ir'i stock solution t 3.13rrLl was diluted to 250ml with distilled water.

A specimen of uncoated aluminum alloy sheet (aluminum alloy 3003) with bright finish conforming to hardness H14 of QQ-A-250/2 (approximately 3 inches x 0.75 inches x
0.064 inch) were each fully immersed in 250Fd(7) diluted stock solution for 5 hours at 82°C (180°F').

The solution level was kept constant with distilled water during this test.

After being exposed to the solution for 5 hours, the specimen was taken out, washed with distilled water, and dried.

Next, the degree of corrosion or etching can be determined by weight loss.
In addition, discoloration and the degree of white film formation on the surface were investigated.

The results are shown in Table 3. As is clear from this result,
If corrosion inhibition of metals is desired, an alkali metal silicate should be present in the composition of the invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1(1) Alkali metal or [1 ammonium carbonate, (
2) a water soluble salt of a polyelectrolyte selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid having a molecular weight of about 504 to 1291; (3) foaming of 0 to 10 wt. an inhibitory nonionic surfactant, an inert diluent selected from the group consisting of (4) O to the power of about 5 and (5) 0 to 80% by weight of alkali metal chlorides, sulfates and nitrites. A phosphate-free, low-foaming mechanical dishwashing composition characterized in that the weight ratio of (2):(1) is from about 5=95 to about 20:80.